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1.
选择了土壤、气候、地形、水文和交通5类11个指标,建立了适用于南方丘陵区的土地适宜性评价指标体系;采用专家打分和层次分析法确定指标权重,并应用GIS技术建立了衡阳盆地的土地适宜性评价模型,对衡阳盆地耕地、林地和建设用地的土地利用适宜性进行了评价.结果表明:耕地适宜性以临界适宜性和一般适宜性为主,耕地不适宜区面积占研究区总面积的49.63%,主要分布在山区;建设用地高度适宜区面积占研究区总面积的5.32%,建设用地不适宜区域分布和数量与耕地不适宜区域分布和数量大致相当;林地适宜性整体较高.通过对比分析评价结果和基于TM数据提取的土地利用现状发现:现有耕地的适宜性以临界适宜和一般适宜类型为主,不适宜区域占耕地总面积的10.56%,主要分布在衡南县东部和西部以及衡阳县南部区域;现有建设用地整体适宜性较高,且分布集中,主要位于衡阳市区.据此提出衡阳盆地土地资源可持续发展对策.  相似文献   

2.
基于海岸带土地利用的困境与本质解读,集成模糊综合评价、网络层次分析与GIS空间分析等方法构建海岸带土地发展潜力评价体系,依据土地发展潜力评价内容辨析海岸带土地利用模式的要素逻辑,诠释了海岸带土地利用类型优化、土地利用空间结构重组、空间管控策略之关联,提出了杭州湾南岸经济—生态协同型土地利用模式。研究发现:① 科学地测度经济发达区的海岸带经济与生态关系是评估海岸带土地效益的关键,采用反比例关系衡量土地生态与经济发展关系构建土地发展潜力评价体系的方法,可以有效地发现经济与生态的区域矛盾问题,为解决海岸带土地开发向生态敏感区拓展问题提供方法支持。② 杭州湾南岸极高潜力区和高潜力区占57.07%,中、低潜力区占42.93%,具有较高的发展潜力,呈南强北弱的分布格局。随着人工化地类面积逐渐趋少,自然化地类渐增,土地发展潜力分区呈现等级递减的规律。③ 凝练出经济—生态协同型海岸带土地利用模式是杭州湾南岸以经济发展为导向的海岸带土地利用的实践趋势与基本模式,构建该模式须遵循“稳定经济开发、严控生态保育、调控双向功能”为主线的海岸带土地利用类型优化、“陆海系统并行,多功能组团”为核心的土地利用空间结构重组方向、“生活—生产—生态”分段式协同管控的空间治理三重系统的逻辑体系。  相似文献   

3.
城市土地的生态适宜性评价方法——以江西萍乡市为例   总被引:33,自引:1,他引:32  
梁涛  蔡春霞  刘民  彭小雷 《地理研究》2007,26(4):782-789
基于ArcGIS 8.3空间数据分析和可视化功能,提出了一种实用的城市土地生态适宜性评价方法,并以江西省萍乡市总体规划区土地生态适宜性评价为例,探讨了此方法的实际应用。该方法首先选择城市的主要土地利用类型,然后建立土地生态适宜性评价因子体系,并对各种用地类型进行单因子生态适宜度评价,再通过层次分析法确定评价因子权重,并运用GIS技术将单因子适宜度图层加权叠加,最后生成综合的城市用地生态适宜度分布图,从而从空间上相对准确地表征了不同类型土地的生态适宜度。  相似文献   

4.
快速城市化背景下城区用地急剧向城郊扩张,城郊用地结构性冲突与矛盾突出。以武汉市汉南区为例,应用GIS R/S空间分析技术,定量分析了其土地利用结构现状特征:土地利用结构以农用地为主,突出农业大区地位,建设用地增长迅猛,集中分布于纱帽、邓南、湘口等中心城镇;结合SPSS因子分析,建立用地结构适宜性评价模型,开展城郊土地利用结构的适宜性评价:汉南区土地利用方式基本适宜,在中度适宜及其以上的比例达到60%,与自然生态、社会经济、城镇发展保持较好协调程度。但仍存在突出的用地结构性问题:农用地斑块比较零碎,规模化与集约化程度低,大规模围垦对湖泊、坑塘、河流、湿地产生较大胁迫;居住与工矿用地相对分散,侵占农田现象较严重,据此提出了汉南区土地利用调整方案和协调保护措施。  相似文献   

5.
通过提取1975年与2010年左右南海海岸带建设用地信息,并对南海海岸带区域进行地貌分区,分析了不同类型海岸带35年建设用地扩张空间格局.结果表明:① 华南大陆和马来半岛建设用地扩张普遍快,中南半岛扩张程度中等,苏门答腊岛,加里曼丹岛和菲律宾群岛除马尼拉湾外普遍扩张程度慢.② 不同海岸地貌因自然资源条件,开发难易程度,腹地大小不同,其建设用地扩张程度差异显著.三角洲平原岸和河口平原岸因水运条件好,腹地广,建设用地扩张普遍显著,台地岸和沙坝--潟湖平原岸因适宜建中小型港口,扩张较为显著,海湾平原岸与山地岸则因平原面积小,开发潜力有限,建设用地扩张普遍不大,平直沙堤平原岸因腹地小,水运不发达而扩张甚微.③ 不同类型海岸带开发模式各异.三角洲平原岸和河口平原岸建设用地空间形态多样化,山地岸,台地岸,海湾平原岸以团块状或条带状为主,沙坝--潟湖平原岸以团块状与星状为主,平直沙堤平原岸多呈条带状,线状或点状分布.  相似文献   

6.
延安市黄土丘陵沟壑区沟道土地整治适宜性评价研究   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
选择延安市作为研究区,以丘陵沟壑区沟道为基本单元,分析沟道土地整治的有利条件和限制因素,从沟道自然条件、用地现状和整治迫切度3个方面,构建沟道土地整治适宜性评价指标体系.在ArcGIS软件平台支持下,采用熵权法确定了指标权重,并计算了延安市沟道土地整治适宜性分值.根据评价结果,将土地适宜程度划分为4个等级,分析了各适宜等级沟道土地开发利用状况及其适宜性特征,提出了有效推进沟道土地整治、保障土地可持续利用的对策建议.  相似文献   

7.
姚(余姚)、慈(慈溪)两县位于浙江东部,地当四明山与杭州湾南岸之间,境内自南而北包括四明山地、姚江平原、三北平原和海滨涂地四个明显的地带,生产地域类型也依次递变,由山林、稻区、棉区到盐区。本文所称的姚慈稻棉区,即为姚、慈两县内部的姚江平  相似文献   

8.
姚(余姚)、慈(慈溪)两县位于浙江东部,地当四明山与杭州湾南岸之间,境内自南而北包括四明山地、姚江平原、三北平原和海滨涂地四个明显的地带,生产地域类型也依次递变,由山林、稻区、棉区到盐区。本文所称的姚慈稻棉区,即为姚、慈两县内部的姚江平  相似文献   

9.
海南岛海岸带土地利用现状及问题分析   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
以多年平均高潮线向陆一侧延伸2 km的陆域部分作为研究范围,分析和评价了海南岛海岸带土地利用状况及问题。结果表明:1)海南岛12个沿海市县位于2 km宽度海岸带内的土地资源共计228 166.44 hm2,约占全省土地总面积的6.63%;2)文昌市海岸带土地面积及农用地面积均居全省首位,但海岸带建设用地面积最大的为三亚市,其次是海口市;3)海岸带是全省建设用地分布最密集的地带,其建设用地平均密度约为全省的4.5倍;4)海岸带土地利用率高,但人地矛盾突出,土地利用结构尚待优化;5)海岸带土地利用已引起部分地段的生态环境明显退化,这在文昌、万宁与海口3市表现尤为突出。针对这些问题,文章最后从海岸带土地利用程度、利用结构、利用方式、空间布局和开发效益5个方面提出了应对措施或建议。  相似文献   

10.
南通海岸带滩涂开发类型选择与空间功能配置研究   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
陈诚 《地理科学》2017,37(1):138-147
海岸带滩涂开发类型选择与空间布局是海岸带综合管理研究的重要内容,对于促进海岸带可持续发展具有重要意义。以海岸带资源环境-社会经济条件与滩涂开发类型对应关系透视为基础,结合南通海岸带滩涂条件、开发类型演变和区域发展背景分析,提出该地区生态旅游、农业和港口–工业–城镇多元化的滩涂综合利用模式,集成适宜性评价与分区、多部门规划冲突与协调等方法,探讨了南通海岸带滩涂地区生态与旅游、农业和港工城等功能区的空间配置路径。南通海岸带地区三类空间适宜比例分别23.5%,32.7%和43.8%,可以作为海岸带综合管理政策制定的参考。  相似文献   

11.
This paper takes a new approach to investigating people who age in place. It provides an explanation for why people age in a place that can be useful in government and corporate planning. Our research investigates the principal factors that drive the decision of a rising number of older Australians to age in place. Many older people wish to age in place rather than move in with their children or be institutionalised. They wish to continue to be active in their local communities and maintain their existing social ties. The concept of ageing in place covers two distinct groups: those who are able to stay in their current dwellings and age in home and those who move house but remain in their local community and age in neighbourhood. Age-friendly home modification is a response to ageing in home, whereas the provision of institutional healthcare and the provision of age-suitable housing to facilitate downsizing are associated with ageing in neighbourhood. Using Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) survey data, this research examines the mobility decisions of older Australians and identifies the major determinants of a decision to age in place. This research argues for a better understanding of ageing in place, differentiating between those ageing in home and those ageing in neighbourhood.  相似文献   

12.
Nielsen, Bue and Sørensen, Peder Michael: Changes in regional employment in Denmark in the seventies. Geografisk Tidsskrift 84, 69–73. Copenhagen, January 1984.

The paper deals with regional development in employment in Denmark in the 1970's. It uses shift-share analysis to isolate elements and activities responsible for the regional dispersion experienced. In that context the paper discusses the interrelationship between manufacturing industries and public services.  相似文献   

13.
我国生物地理学研究进展   总被引:6,自引:1,他引:5  
生物地理学研究是生物学和地理学交叉非常明显的部门自然地理学学科,它具有很强的基础研究特点,同时研究成果也具有很大的应用潜力。近年来,我国生物地理学基础研究在国家自然科学基金委等部门的支持下,在山地植被与地理环境、干旱半干旱区植被与地理环境、植物区系、植物物候、土壤动物与土壤生态功能、土壤生物结皮等方面开展了全面而深入的研究。同时拓展了传统生物地理学的研究方向,在植物地理学与全球变化、植物地理学与生物多样性保护、植物地理学与生态系统管理等方面也开展了大量研究。尤为可贵的是干旱半干旱区土壤生物结皮研究、典型温带荒漠区原生荒漠植被对水分改变的响应与适应研究取得了令国内外关注的高水平研究成果。  相似文献   

14.
The fractal theory put forward by American mathematician B B Mandelbrot (1967) supplies an effective approach to solve complex problems. The complex problems in geography have become the main positive study field of fractal theory. Based on the works of China’s geographers and the summarization of contents of fractal theory, the authors comment on the present situation of its applications to almost every branch of geography and discuss the related problems and the prospects of fractal study in geography.  相似文献   

15.
1IntroductionMany natural phenomena such as zigzag coastline, various landforms, turbulent rivers, etc. cannot be described with traditional Euclid geometry, but they are of self-similarities. Fractal geometry takes the complex phenomena as its research objects and has been developed into a specific theory. So it has been praised as natural geometry. What is fractal means "irregular, fractional, fragmental" and its core is self-similarity (Wang and Cao, 1995). To characterize fractals differ…  相似文献   

16.
福建九龙江口红树林造林遇到的问题   总被引:4,自引:1,他引:4  
中国的红树林在过去50年里面积锐减了近70%,恢复和发展红树林迫在眉睫,红树林人工造林是必由之路。福建九龙江口湿地资源丰富,然而在红树林造林上却遇到了一些问题,这些问题阻碍了九龙江口红树林的恢复和发展,应该引起相关部门的关注。  相似文献   

17.
18.
Drawing on conceptualization of statelessness and ethnographic research on crucial insights of rightessness, this paper investigates how the politico‐geographic‐legality constructs statelessness in the enclaves in India and Bangladesh. Following the decolonization process in 1947, both India and Pakistan/Bangladesh inherited more than 200 enclaves, which comprise 80 per cent of the world's enclaves. With improved bilateral relations, India and Bangladesh officially exchanged the enclaves on 1 August 2015, and the enclave dwellers will gradually be granted citizenship rights over the next few years. In this period of transition from statelessness to statehood, this paper can be read as contemporary history. This paper will draw attention to three aspects of statelessness. First, conceptualization of statelessness not only applies to the refugeehood or de‐territorialization of people but also relates to the process of constructing transterritorial stateless people. Second, this paper will discuss the condition of statelessness constructed in a politico‐geographic‐legal trap. And finally, the paper calls for a wider empirical and critical focus on the hidden geographies of de facto statelessness.  相似文献   

19.
我国草地生态系统碳循环研究进展   总被引:34,自引:5,他引:29  
文中首先分析了草地生态系统在碳循环研究中的地位和重要性,进而对我国草地生态系统碳循环的研究现状作了较为详尽的阐述,包括植物、凋落物、土壤三大碳库以及主要含碳温室气体通量等,对其主要研究结论进行了深入的剖析。同时提出了今后我国草地生态系统碳循环的重点研究方向和研究领域。  相似文献   

20.
Advances in terrestrial system research in China   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
Land surface is of spatial-temporal heterogeneity. Terrestrial system (TS) comprehensively studies on land surface and physical regionalization objectively describes geographical zonation of the system. China has a vast area with apparent spatial variations in resources and environmental conditions, which highly influence on socio-economic development. In this paper, progress of the TS studies in China is overviewed and research priorities in the near future are prospected. Since the 1950s, China has paid great attention to the TS study as its socio-economic development, and conducted research on physical geographical regionalization, eco-geographical regionalization and comprehensive regionalization. Along with the deepening of global change research, dynamics of TS have been highly concerned. During the studies, methodology has been developed from qualitative research of integration of experts’ brainpower gradually to quantitative research based on field observation and experiments of the natural processes, including physical, chemical and biological processes, as well as application of information technology and mathematical simulation. In the near future, TS would combine with the ideology, objectives and key researches of Future Earth program, to focus on the mechanism and regional effects of interaction among land surface elements, the response of TS to global change, the quantitative recognition on regional unit boundary, and the application to TS in sustainable socio-economic development.  相似文献   

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