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1.
Nguyen Cao Don Hiroyuki Araki Hiroyuki Yamanishi Kenichi Koga 《Environmental Geology》2005,47(3):361-374
In coastal lowland plains, increased water demand on a limited water resource has resulted in declining groundwater levels, land subsidence and saltwater encroachment. In southwestern Kyushu, Japan, a sinking of the land surface due to over pumping of groundwater has long been recognized as a problem in the Shiroishi lowland plain. In this paper, an integrated model was established for the Shiroishi site using the modular finite difference groundwater flow model, MODFLOW, by McDonald and Harbaugh (1988) and the modular three-dimensional finite difference groundwater solute transport model, MT3D, by Zheng (1990) to simulate groundwater flow hydraulics, land subsidence, and solute transport in the alluvial lowland plain. Firstly, problems associated with these groundwater resources were discussed and then the established model was applied. The simulated results show that subsidence rapidly occurs throughout the area with the central prone in the center part of the plain. Moreover, seawater intrusion would be expected along the coast if the current rates of groundwater exploitation continue. Sensitivity analysis indicates that certain hydrogeologic parameters such as an inelastic storage coefficient of soil layers significantly contribute effects to both the rate and magnitude of consolidation. Monitoring the present salinization process is useful in determining possible threats to fresh groundwater supplies in the near future. In addition, the integrated numerical model is capable of simulating the regional trend of potentiometric levels, land subsidence and salt concentration. The study also suggests that during years of reduced surface-water availability, reduction of demand, increase in irrigation efficiency and the utilization of water exported from nearby basins are thought to be necessary for future development of the region to alleviate the effects due to pumping. 相似文献
2.
1995年以来,针对严重的区域性地面沉降和地裂缝灾害,苏锡常地区地下水资源保护和管理工作逐渐加强,特别是从2000年开始,江苏省政府分阶段实施限期禁止开采工作,首先在超采区实行地下水禁采,到2005年底,在苏锡常地区全面禁止开采地下水,全区地下水环境、地面沉降状况出现明显好转,地下水水位普遍回升,地面沉降速率逐渐减缓。根据近年来苏锡常地区地面沉降基岩标、分层标的系统监测资料,对地下水禁采后地质环境的效应特别是地面沉降的变化特征进行了初步分析、研究,并对该区今后地质环境保护工作提出了对策和建议。 相似文献
3.
天津市地下水流-地面沉降耦合模型 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
天津市平原区地面沉降主要由地下水大量开采引起,影响范围广、危害大,已成为天津市主要的环境地质问题。分析了研究区的水文地质条件,结合地下水开发利用状况,将研究区概化为6个含水层组,地下水流考虑三维非稳定流,地面沉降选用一维固结压缩模型,运用地下水流模型Modflow 2005和地面沉降模拟模块 Sub,建立了天津市平原区地下水流-地面沉降数值耦合模型,模型面积为1.1×104 km2,利用1998-2008年地下水位等值线、过程线、地面沉降过程线等资料对模型进行了识别。模拟期的地下水均衡分析表明,在多年开采条件下,越流补给、压缩释水、侧向边界流入分别占深层含水层补给量的41.84％、32.15％和24.17％。将调试后的模型应用于南水北调实施后地下水控采条件下的地面沉降趋势预测,显示出停采或减少地下水的开采,有利于减缓地面沉降下降速度,且表现出开采层位越往下,地面沉降恢复难度越大的变化趋势。 相似文献
4.
Jichun Wu Xiaoqing Shi Yuqun Xue Yun Zhang Zixin Wei Jun Yu 《Environmental Geology》2008,55(8):1725-1735
Land subsidence in China occurs predominantly in 17 provinces (cities) situated in the eastern and middle regions of the country,
including Shanghai, Tianjin and Jiangsu, and Hebei provinces. It is primarily caused by groundwater overpumping. One of the
areas most severely affected by land subsidence is the Yangtze Delta, most of which consists of Shanghai City, the Su-Xi-Chang
area (Suzhou, Wuxi and Changzhou cities) of Jiangsu Province, and the Hang-Jia-Hu area (Hangzhou, Jiaxing and Huzhou cities)
of Zhejiang Province. The excessive exploitation of groundwater forms in a large regional cone of depression and, consequently,
land subsidence is also regional, currently centered in the Shanghai and Su-Xi-Chang areas. In 2002, the maximum cumulative
subsidence of Shanghai, Su-Xi-Chang and Hang-Jia-Hu were 2.63 m, 2.00 and 1.06 m, respectively. The land subsidence area is
continuing to expand throughout the Yangtze Delta. To study the characteristics and the pattern of this land subsidence, the
government has implemented a monitoring system involving the placement of 37 groups of extensometers (layers marks) and drilling
of more than 1000 observation wells. These provide an invaluable historical record of deformation and pore water pressure
and facilitate studies on the special features of soil deformation when the groundwater level changes due to pumping. Several
measures have been taken in recent years to control the development of the land subsidence in the different areas; these include
groundwater injection, prohibition of pumping deep confined groundwater, and an adjustment of the pumping depth and magnitude
of the groundwater withdrawn. At present, although the subsidence area is still increasing slowly, the subsidence rate is
controlled. 相似文献
5.
深基坑降水引起的地面沉降给工程和周边环境带来很大的危害,以天津地铁 XX站深基坑为例,通过使用有限差分模拟软件Processing Modflow建立三维地下水渗流场与地面沉降耦合模型,利用抽水试验数据反演识别场区的水文地质参数,对基坑降水对周边环境的影响进行预测。结合施工要求,本着在规定时间内用最少的抽水量完成降水要求,并对基坑周围造成的环境影响最小的原则,对基坑降水进行优化设计。 相似文献
6.
The state of land subsidence and prediction approaches due to groundwater withdrawal in China 总被引：13，自引：6，他引：7
This article gives a general introduction to land subsidence with the prediction approaches due to withdrawal of groundwater
in three subsided/subsiding regions in China: the deltaic plain of Yangtse River (YRDP), North China Plain (NCP), and Fenwei
Plain (FP). On YRDP, Shanghai is the typical subsided/subsiding city; on NCP Tianjin is the typical subsided/subsiding city,
and on FP Taiyuan is the typical subsided/subsiding city. The subsided area with subsidence over 200 mm on YRDP is about 10,000 km2 and the maximum subsided value reached 2.9 m at Shanghai; on NCP the subsided area reached 60,000 km2 with the maximum subsidence of 3.9 m at Tianjing; on FP the subsided area is relatively smaller than that on the other two
plains and is about 1,135 km2 with maximum subsidence of 3.7 m at Taiyuan city. In order to protect the civil and industrial facilities, it is necessary
to predict the future development of land subsidence based on present state. Many researchers proposed several approaches
to predict the land subsidence due to groundwater withdrawal according to different geological conditions and groundwater
withdrawal practice. This article classifies these approaches into five categories: (i) statistical methods; (ii) 1D numerical
method; (iii) quasi-3D seepage model; (iv) 3D seepage model; (v) fully coupled 3D model. In China, the former four categories
are presently employed in the prediction practice and their merits and demerits are discussed. According to the prediction
practice, 3D seepage model is the best method presently. 相似文献
7.
GIS-based spatial and temporal prediction system development for regional land subsidence hazard mitigation 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
An integrated GIS-based approach for establishing a spatial and temporal prediction system for groundwater flow and land subsidence is proposed and applied to a subsidence-progressed Japanese coastal plain. Various kinds of fundamental data relating to groundwater flow and land subsidence are digitized and entered into a GIS database. A surface water hydrological cycle simulation is performed using a GIS spatial data operation for the entire plain, and the spatial and temporal groundwater infiltration quantity is hereby obtained. Through the data transformation from the GIS database to a groundwater flow code (MODFLOW), a 3D groundwater flow model is established and unsteady groundwater flow simulation for the past 21 years is conducted with results which compare satisfactorily with observed results. Finally, a Visual Basic code is developed for land subsidence calculations considering aquifer and aquitard deformation. Future land subsidence in the plain is predicted assuming different water pumping scenarios, and the results provide important information for land subsidence mitigation decision-making. 相似文献
8.
In terms of controlling groundwater in deep foundation pit projects, the usual methods include increasing the curtain depth, reducing the amount of pumped groundwater, and implementing integrated control, in order to reduce the drawdown and land subsidence outside pits. In dewatering design for confined water, factors including drawdown requirements, the thickness of aquifers, the depth of dewatering wells and the depth of cutoff curtains have to be considered comprehensively and numerical simulations are generally conducted for calculation and analysis. Longyang Road Station on Shanghai Metro Line 18 is taken as the case study subject in this paper, a groundwater seepage model is developed according to the on-site engineering geological conditions and hydrogeological conditions, the excavation depth of the foundation pit as well as the design depth of the enclosure, hydrogeological parameters are determined via the pumping test, and the foundation pit dewatering is simulated by means of the three-dimensional finite difference method, which produces numerical results that consistent with real monitoring data as to the groundwater table. Besides, the drawdown and the land subsidence both inside and outside the pit caused by foundation pit dewatering are calculated and analyzed for various curtain depths. This study reveals that the drawdown and the land subsidence change faster near the curtain with the increase in the curtain depth, and the gradient of drawdown and land subsidence changes dwindles beyond certain depths. In this project, the curtain depth of 47/49 m is adopted, and a drawdown-land subsidence verification test is completed given hanging curtains before the excavation. The result turns out that the real measurements basically match the calculation results from the numerical simulation, and by increasing the depth of curtains, the land subsidence resulting from dewatering is effectively controlled. 相似文献
9.
In terms of controlling groundwater in deep foundation pit projects, the usual methods include increasing the curtain depth, reducing the amount of pumped groundwater, and implementing integrated control, in order to reduce the drawdown and land subsidence outside pits. In dewatering design for confined water, factors including drawdown requirements, the thickness of aquifers, the depth of dewatering wells and the depth of cutoff curtains have to be considered comprehensively and numerical simulations are generally conducted for calculation and analysis. Longyang Road Station on Shanghai Metro Line 18 is taken as the case study subject in this paper, a groundwater seepage model is developed according to the on-site engineering geological conditions and hydrogeological conditions, the excavation depth of the foundation pit as well as the design depth of the enclosure, hydrogeological parameters are determined via the pumping test, and the foundation pit dewatering is simulated by means of the three-dimensional finite difference method, which produces numerical results that consistent with real monitoring data as to the groundwater table. Besides, the drawdown and the land subsidence both inside and outside the pit caused by foundation pit dewatering are calculated and analyzed for various curtain depths. This study reveals that the drawdown and the land subsidence change faster near the curtain with the increase in the curtain depth, and the gradient of drawdown and land subsidence changes dwindles beyond certain depths. In this project, the curtain depth of 47/49 m is adopted, and a drawdown-land subsidence verification test is completed given hanging curtains before the excavation. The result turns out that the real measurements basically match the calculation results from the numerical simulation, and by increasing the depth of curtains, the land subsidence resulting from dewatering is effectively controlled. 相似文献
10.
Groundwater flow in the Leon-Chinandega aquifer was simulated using transient and steady-state numerical models. This unconfined aquifer is located in an agricultural plain in northwest Nicaragua. Previous studies were restricted to determining groundwater availability for irrigation, overlooking the impacts of groundwater development. A sub-basin was selected to study the groundwater flow system and the effects of groundwater development using a numerical groundwater flow model (Visual MODFLOW). Hydrological parameters obtained from pumping tests were related to each hydrostratigraphic unit to assign the distribution of parameter values within each model layer. River discharge measurements were crucial for constraining recharge estimates and reducing the non-uniqueness of the model calibration. Steady-state models have limited usefulness because of the major variation of recharge and agricultural pumping during the wet and dry seasons. Model results indicate that pumping induces a decrease in base flow, depleting river discharge. This becomes critical during dry periods, when irrigation is highest. Transient modeling indicates that the response time of the aquifer is about one hydrologic year, which allows the development of management strategies within short time horizons. Considering further development of irrigated agriculture in the area, the numerical model can be a powerful tool for water resources management. 相似文献
11.
北京地下水系统演化与地面沉降过程 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
采用地下水动态监测网、GPS监测网数据、气象监测数据与SAR数据、GIS等技术相结合,建立地下水系统演化与地面沉降过程模型,系统分析了北京地区地下水降落漏斗区地面沉降的形成过程。研究表明:降雨量呈逐年下降趋势,地下水开采量随之增大;平原区地下水位呈下降趋势,间接导致了地下水降落漏斗和地面沉降的形成演化。地面沉降对地下水降落漏斗的响应模式存在着季节与年际差异性,时空分布上存在不均匀性,最大地面沉降速率约为41.43 mm/a;揭示了地下水降落漏斗与地面沉降漏斗空间展布特性存在一致性,但并非完全吻合。 相似文献
12.
Numerical simulation of land subsidence induced by groundwater overexploitation in Su-Xi-Chang area,China 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Ji-Chun Wu Xiao-Qing Shi Shu-Jun Ye Yu-Qun Xue Yun Zhang Jun Yu 《Environmental Geology》2009,57(6):1409-1421
Su-Xi-Chang area is one of the typical regions in China which suffers from severe land subsidence. Various field monitoring
records were integrated to study the characteristics and mechanisms of land subsidence in this region. The development of
the land subsidence in this region shows a tight spatial and temporal correlation with the groundwater pumping. Based on the
analysis of the field data, it is found that the deformation patterns of the hydrogeologic units are greatly related to the
hydrogeologic properties and groundwater level variations. Some have an elastic behavior, others may have an elastic–plastic
rheology. Hence, a 3D finite element numerical model considering the rheological properties of the soil was developed to simulate
the groundwater level and land subsidence. Both hydraulic conductivity and specific storage were expected to vary with the
porosity during the process of consolidation. Multiscale finite element method (MsFEM) was applied to solve the model during
the period from 1996 to 2004. After calibrating the model with the observed groundwater level and subsidence data, the parameters
of the multi-layers system were estimated. The calibrated model outputs fit reasonably well with the observed data. Consequently
the model can be applied to predict groundwater level and land subsidence in future pumping scenarios. The model predictive
results show that land subsidence rate can be controlled and even rebound may occur after the implementation of the groundwater
exploitation prohibition.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献
13.
14.
S. V. N. Rao Sudhir Kumar Shashank Shekhar S. K. Sinha S. Manju 《Hydrogeology Journal》2007,15(6):1157-1167
This report examines the problem involving the pumping of groundwater from a group of 90 existing wells along the banks of the Yamuna River, northwest of Delhi (India), underlain with geologically occurring saline water. It is known that unregulated pumping will lead to upconing of saline water and therefore it is necessary to determine optimal rates and associated well locations (from an existing group of candidate wells that supply drinking water to the city of Delhi) that will minimize the total salinity. The nonlinear, non-convex problem is solved by embedding the calibrated groundwater model within a simulation-optimisation (S/O) framework. Optimisation is accomplished by using simulated annealing (SA), a search algorithm. The computational burden is primarily managed by replacing the numerical model with a surrogate simulator-artificial neural network (ANN). The model is applied to the real system to determine the optimal pumping schedule. The results of the operational model suggest that the skimming wells must be operated from optimal locations such that they are staggered in space and time to obtain the least saline water. 相似文献
15.
海河平原地下水资源可持续利用前景评价 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
本文通过综合分析海河平原地下水资源盈余量以及建立典型三级区平原开采系数与地下水水位下降速率、地面沉降速率的关系,分析了各三级区平原依靠环境容量可扩大开采量,根据疏干时限性评价指标对海河平原地下水的开采潜力进行了评价,客观展现了维持现状开采条件下研究区地下水资源可持续利用的暗淡前景。 相似文献
16.
Influence of South to North Water Transfer on groundwater dynamic change in Beijing plain 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1
Yong Yang Guo-Min Li Yan-Hui Dong Ming Li Jian-Qing Yang Dong Zhou Zhong-Shan Yang Fan-Dong Zheng 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2012,65(4):1323-1331
Beijing is a city of severe water shortage. The groundwater plays a key role in the water supply. However, the groundwater
level has been gradually descending due to extensive pumping in consecutive drought years. How to satisfy the water demand
and recover the groundwater level is an urgent work. With the implementation of the South to North Water Transfer Project,
an opportunity has been provided for restoration of groundwater under over exploitation. On the basis of hydrogeology conditions
of the Beijing plain, as well as the high-performance parallel computing platforms, a groundwater flow numerical model was
established. And dynamic monitoring data of groundwater levels were used to calibrate the numerical model. The calculation
results fit well with the measured data in the calibrated model. Therefore, the calibrated model can be used to predict the
dynamic change of groundwater levels in the Beijing plain. The results show that several obvious depression cones of groundwater
have been formed because of the rapid decline of groundwater levels in the Beijing plain in recent years. After the implementation
of the South to North Water Transfer project and due to the restrictions on groundwater exploitation, the area of cone of
depression will be reduced to different degrees, the central water level of depression cone will increase, and some cones
of depression around wellhead will disappear. It is a benefit to relieve water shortage and control the development of land
subsidence and the deterioration of the ecological environment. 相似文献
17.
The effect of stratigraphic heterogeneity on areal distribution of land subsidence at Taiyuan, northern China 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Taiyuan city has experienced serious land subsidence since the 1950s, with the maximum accumulated subsidence of 2,960 mm and a total affected area of 585 km2 by 2003. Tectonic settlement was found to contribute about 1% and the major cause is over-exploitation of groundwater. The spatial–temporal relationship between the areal distribution of land subsidence and that of groundwater drawdown from 1956 to 2000 indicates that although land subsidence centers overall match groundwater depression cones, there are local deviations, and that although the time series curves are similar, land subsidence always lags behind groundwater level decline, with different lag time at different sites. The major findings of this work on the control of stratigraphic heterogeneity on the spatial pattern of land subsidence at Taiyuan include: (1) land subsidence centers shift from the corresponding groundwater depression cones to the sides with thicker accumulated clay layers; (2) under the same pumping rate, land subsidence at places with more clay interlayers and thinner individual interlayers is greater and the lag time shorter; and (3) land subsidence is closely related to the physical properties of clay soils. The Interbed Storage Package-1, a modular subroutine of MODFLOW was employed to simulate the areal distribution of individual layer compression. The modeling results show that compression of different clay layers has different contribution to land subsidence. Pumping groundwater from water-bearing zones close to the most compressible clay layers should therefore be carefully controlled. 相似文献
18.
从地下水运动均衡原理的角度分析锡山市西部地区第Ⅱ承压含水层天然和现状开采条件下的地下水均衡要素，揭示了该地区下水开采与地面沉降的关系，其中现状开采条件下的75%-80%的开采量来自于粘性土层的压密释水量；同时，根据地面沉降的发生机理，剖析地面沉降严重发育地区忽略地面沉降影响因子建立的地下水资源计算模式中存在的问题；针对存在问题，提出了地下水可开采资源合理的计算方法，并对考虑地面沉降影响因子的地下水资源计算模型的可实现性进行了分析。 相似文献
19.
20.
Land subsidence in Bangkok, Thailand 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
Land subsidence from deep well pumping has been affecting Bangkok for the past 35 years. Its impact is particularly critical because of the flat low-lying topography and the presence of a thick soft clay layer at the ground surface that augment flood risk and foundation engineering problems, respectively. The subsidence reached its most critical state in the early 1980s when it occurred at a rate as high as 120 mm/year. The rate decreased in the subsequent period but the subsidence-affected area expanded following the growth of the city. Despite various attempts implemented to remedy the crisis, groundwater pumping from the thick aquifer system underneath the city continued to increase from 1.2 million m3/day in the early 1980s to more than 2.0 million m3/day at the turn of the century. Piezometric levels in the main aquifer layers had been drawn down by as much as 65 m. Monitoring data showed a clear correlation between the subsidence and piezometric drawdown. The data suggested that for 1 m3 of groundwater pumped out in Bangkok Plain, approximately 0.10 m3 of ground loss occurred at the surface. Significant development has been made in numerical methods for prediction of differential settlements between building foundations caused by the piezometric drawdown in the aquifers. The strict mitigation measures adopted recently, comprising a pricing policy for groundwater management, an expansion of tap water supply, and strict enforcement of groundwater laws, have resulted in a marked drop in groundwater use. However, the land subsidence will continue for a long while owing to the time-dependent consolidation behavior of the soft clay layer and clay aquitards. 相似文献