共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
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南北地震带和青藏块体东部近期大地形变与地震特征 总被引:8,自引:1,他引:8
通过研究南北地震带及青藏块体东部地区20多年来大地形变场演化特征及其与地震活动的呼应关系,发现大地形变既具有时空分布的不均匀性,各分区形变场又具有同时段的宏观相似性;继承性运动是现代地壳运动的总趋势,而运动方式为波浪式,涌动式推进。地壳运动过程中存在着区域为能积累阶段和释放调整阶段,这可能是地震活动的相对平静与活跃的动力机制。 相似文献
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回顾了GPS观测技术应用于地壳运动与形变中的相关理论与方法,重点介绍了水平应变的计算方法与描述地壳运动与形变场的各种数学物理方法,讨论了提取地壳运动与形变信息过程中存在的问题. 相似文献
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福建沿海、台湾海峡GPS观测分析及地球动力学特征研究 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
利用 3期GPS联测结果所获得的福建沿海地壳水平运动信息 ,采用ITRF94全球框架为基础的GPS测站地壳运动模型及其处理软件 ,对所获得的观测数据进行处理和精度分析。得到福建省高精度的GPS测站大地坐标、边长及其位移矢量 ,其精度达到 1 7×10 - 8。计算了福建地壳运动速率、主应变率 ,东西与南北向线应变率、面应变率、剪应变率、大地转动率和最大剪应变率等值线并给出了它们的分布图象。根据多年形变和现今GPS观测资料 ,分析福建地壳垂直运动与水平运动 ,显示区域应力场优势分布特征。最后 ,对福建沿海及台湾海峡地壳动力学特征作了初步的探讨 相似文献
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Research on present crustal deformation in the southern Tianshan (Jiashi) region by GPS geodesy 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
IntroductionSinceaMs=6.9earthquakeoccurredinArtux,Xinjiang,ChinaonMarchl9,l996,7earth-quakeswithmagnitudeofMs>6werefollowedsuccessivelynearbyJiashi,southemnanshan.Thephenomenonthatagroupofstrongearthquakes(Jiashiearthquakeswann)concentratedwithinashorterperiodoflyearormoreisanunprecedentedeventsincetheinstrUmentalrecordofseis-micityinthecontinent,drawingconsiderableattentionofseismologists.TheJiashiearthquakeswarmhaPpenedonthenortheastemflankofthewestCmsyntaxofHimalayancollisionbeltwheret… 相似文献
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伽师地区现今地壳运动方式、变动幅度和形变应变特征对研究该地区孕震环境具有重要作用.利用1994和1998年两次GPS大地测量,我们监测到伽师地区相对于北天山哈萨克地块的地壳缩短速率大约为19mm/a,与20世纪以来地震学(地震矩张量)资料估计的速率(约13mm/a)相比,GPS测定的速率高约50%.大地测量与地震学对南天山(伽师)地区地壳运动速率的估值差异,既可能说明该地区20世纪以来存在大量无震、震间应变,也可能表示至今与地震活动有关的断层变动尚不足以消减整个天山地区的现今变形.无论何种可能,从应力应变积累的角度看,都意味着天山西段及帕米尔东北侧一带发生强震的可能性将长期存在. 相似文献
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Establishment of the GPS Monitoring Network in North China, the Relation of Horizontal Crustal Movement to Stress Field and Seismicity 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Li Yanxing Hu Xinkang Zhao Chengkun Wang Min Guo Liangqian and Xu JushengFirst Crustal Deformation Monitoring Center China Seismological Bureau Tianjin China Institute of Seismology China Seismological Bureau Wuhan China 《中国地震研究》1998,(4)
In the paper, the establishment, measurement, data-processing program and monitoring accuracy of the GPS seismic monitoring network in North China, especially in the Capital-Circle area, have been presented briefly. The relation of horizontal crustal deformation to tectonic movement, stress-field variation and seismicity has been analyzed in detail. The results indicate that the accuracy of GPS measurement has reached the order of 10-9 and the annual rate of horizontal crustal deformation in North China is about 4 ~5 mm. Horizontal crustal movement is a direct indication of the regional stress field. Therefore, by monitoring the time-sequence variation of horizontal crustal motion, it would be possible to investigate the change in the stress field, to analyze the tendency of seismicity and to determine the seismogenic zones. 相似文献
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GPS应变率场计算方法研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
基于大地测量资料获取地壳运动与应变积累定量结果一直是国内外重视的地震中长期预测的技术途径。 针对地震变形过程的准确描述问题, 国内外学者基于GPS资料, 发展了多种应变率场解算方法。 本文首先简要介绍了GPS应变率计算的基本原理, 然后系统梳理了国内外多种计算方法的优势和不足, 结果表明: 应变率计算的数学方法只考虑几何关系, 其中整体方法主要适合数据密度和分布较好条件下获取区域地壳变形分布与趋势, 局部方法主要适用于数据较为稀疏情况下描述构造块体的变形特征; 应变率计算的物理方法既考虑几何关系又考虑物理关系, 其中, 位错方法根据主要适合于研究区域存在主控断层的情况(研究区域的变形主要由少数断层控制); 数值模拟方法(如有限元法)主要适用于区域地质、 地球物理的资料比较完备的情况。 相似文献
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Zhang Guomin Li Li and Shi YaolinCenter for Analysis Prediction CSB Beijing China Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China 《中国地震研究》1999,(4)
The relationship between the strain cumulative rate (i.e., the crustal strain rate, or CSR in short) and seismic activity is analyzed to develop a new method to determine risky regions for strong shocks within recent years by the recorded crustal strain field. Seismic activity, especially the recurrence period, is different in different areas. Ding Guoyu (1984) pointed out that, for different seismic regions, the difference in the recurrence period of strong earthquakes is mainly controlled by their difference in the rate of the tectonic movement, which is controlled by the seismogenic environment and the tectonic conditions. The method of determining the risky regions for strong shocks from the gradient of vertical strain rates observed in a geodetic survey is preliminarily tested with the earthquakes in recent years; the results show that this method is effective and useful for earthquake prediction. The relationship between CSR and seismicity in a specific region is studied with strain theories, obse 相似文献
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地壳运动全变率指标(NDR)系由地表横向变形弯曲度S,垂向切变反差度τ和地壳运动总强度Mt组成,是一组定量表示地震危险性的动态地质标志。对华北地区1966~1996年5次地震(M>6)震前地壳运动进行NDR系计算,发现NDR系异常特征与地震事件间存在密切关系。该法对地震预报、工程地震、评估地壳活动性及地球动力学研究等方面,具有广泛的应用前景 相似文献
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—Coseismic surface deformation provides important information needed to determine source rupture geometry and slip distribution as well as to estimate seismic moment. In this study, numerical experiments were designed to analyze and classify how free-surface topography affects surface deformation. The investigation was performed by 3-D finite element modeling. Results of this study show that crustal deformation induced by near-fault terrain is significant and can be measured with present geodetic survey techniques. The characteristics of the terrain effects show that a hill structure produces more crustal deformation than a half-space model, and that the crustal deformation of a basin structure is less than that of the half-space model. The topographic correction is in the order of five percent of the fault dislocation. On the basis of the relationship between fault offset and earthquake magnitude, it is suggested that the terrain effects on the coseismic crustal deformation of shallow earthquakes with a magnitude greater than 5.6 should be considered as one of the major errors in coseismic deformation modeling which ignored the surface topography on the order of 300 meters. 相似文献
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大地测量技术观测的震后变形是地壳和地幔岩石对同震应力扰动的变形响应,震后变形的强度及时空演化特征主要受断层面的摩擦性质、下地壳及上地幔岩石的流变参数等控制。震后大地测量被广泛用于研究断层及深部岩石的流变性质及其动力学过程,是对岩石力学实验、冰后回弹等手段探测结果的检验和补充。本文回顾性地总结了中国及邻域中强地震震后变形监测成效,这些震例主要集中在青藏高原内部和边界带。通过对包括昆仑山口西地震、汶川地震和尼泊尔地震在内的发生在青藏高原及周缘的强震震后变形机制、岩石圈流变参数约束等方面的研究,大大提升了对青藏高原不同区域深部岩石流变结构和性质的认识,为研究地震周期变形、地震危险性、青藏高原的形变模式、高原演化动力学提供了观测依据和定量参数。同时,指出进一步约束青藏高原深部岩石流变参数,一方面需要进一步提高西部地区连续GNSS监测能力,另一方面需要与地球物理成像技术进行融合。 相似文献
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Repeated high quality geodetic observations allow the estimation of the free surface velocity field for a region. Usually, a yearly secular rate is estimated, while the possible episodic motion (seismic slip) due to an earthquake is evaluated via inversion of the geodetic data. The episodic motion influence is subtracted from the total field. The actual region and the respective geodetic observations affected by the seismic event are often assessed by rather vague criteria.This paper deals with an attempt to estimate simultaneously the secular and the episodic two-dimensional crustal motion for a region by means of repeated GPS observations of a geodetic network, carried out for a number of epochs.The model is applied to the Gulf of Corinth available GPS data, spanning a time interval of more than a decade, and the results are discussed. 相似文献
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Mt. Qomolangma lies in the collision zone between the fringe of Eurasia plate and Indian plate. The crustal movement there
is still very active so far. In the past three decades China carried out five geodetic campaigns in Mt. Qomolangma and its
north vicinal area, independently or cooperatively with other countries, including triangulation, leveling, GPS positioning,
atmospheric, astronomical and gravity measurements. On the basis of the observation results achieved in the campaigns the
crustal movements in the area were studied and explored. A non-stationary phenomenon both in time and space of the crustal
vertical movement in the area is found. There seems to be some relevance between the phenomenon of non-stationary in time
and seismic episode in China. The phenomenon of non-stationary in space is possibly relevant to the no-homo- geneity of crustal
medium and non-uniform absorption of terrestrial stress. The horizontal crustal movement in the area is in the direction of
NEE at a speed of 6–7 cm per year, and the trend of strike slip movement is manifested evidently in the collision fringe of
Indian plate and Qinghai-Xizang block. 相似文献
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由于青藏高原东部地区记录了高原约50 Ma演化历史中物质东流的构造史,因此受到地学界的广泛重视. 现代大地测量与地质研究结果给出了该区现代地壳运动的图像,为地球动力学数值模拟提供了重要的边界约束条件. 利用重力异常计算的高原及邻区地幔对流应力场与地表地壳运动格局的明显差异表征了高原东部地壳与地幔物质的运动解耦. 基于随深度变化地壳蠕变率的动力学模拟结果显示,高原东部地壳增厚与高原内部存在很大差异,高原东部地壳增厚主要表现为下地壳的增厚,并且地幔形变过程与地表变化也不一致,同样显示出地壳、地幔运动的解耦. 研究表明,下地壳低强度分布可能是导致这种解耦的重要原因,而了解高原东部地壳及上地幔物理力学性质对我们认识高原物质东流至关重要. 相似文献
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