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藏北改则新生代早期逆冲推覆构造系统 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
藏北改则及邻区新生代早期发育大型逆冲推覆构造系统,由不同方向的逆冲断层、不同时代的构造岩片、不同规模的飞来峰和构造窗、不同类型的褶皱构造组成。羌塘中部发育羌中薄皮推覆构造,石炭系板岩和二叠系白云质灰岩自北向南逆冲推覆于上白垩统与古近系红层之上,形成大型逆冲岩席和弧形逆冲断层,原地系统古近纪红层下伏三叠系—侏罗系海相烃源岩。羌塘南部发育南羌塘薄皮推覆构造,导致班公—怒江蛇绿岩、三叠系—侏罗系海相地层及侏罗纪混杂岩自北向南逆冲推覆于古近纪红层与下白垩统海相沉积岩层之上,形成三条蛇绿岩片带、大量飞来峰和厚度较大的构造片岩。中新世早期火山岩层和湖相沉积呈角度不整合覆盖逆冲断层、褶皱构造和逆冲岩席,不整合面上覆火山岩年龄为23.7～19.1Ma,指示中新世早期改则及邻区基本结束了强烈逆冲推覆构造运动。估算羌中逆冲推覆构造的推覆距离约100～115km,南羌塘逆冲推覆构造的推覆距离约82～110km;新生代早期改则逆冲推覆构造系统近南北方向逆冲推覆总距离为182～225km,对应地壳缩短率为(50.3±2.7)%。 相似文献
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东昆仑南部晚新生代逆冲推覆构造系统 总被引：7，自引：1，他引：7
通过对东大滩—东温泉地区的路线地质观测与构造填图,在东昆仑南部发现晚新生代大型逆冲推覆构造系统。沿低角度逆冲断层,早二叠世大理岩和早三叠世砂板岩自北向南逆冲推覆于古新统—始新统风火山群紫红色砾岩和渐新世砖红色砂砾岩之上,形成大量不同规模的飞来峰;沿主逆冲断层发育厚层断层角砾岩与断层泥,局部形成碳酸盐质糜棱岩。东昆仑南部逆冲推覆构造的发育时代为渐新世晚期—中新世早期,主要形成、活动时期为26～13.5Ma;估算最小逆冲推覆距离为30～35km,最小逆冲推覆运动速率为2.4～2.8mm/a。东昆仑南部晚新生代逆冲推覆构造运动与现今山脉快速隆升存在着动力学成因联系。 相似文献
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内蒙古白乃庙逆冲推覆构造的组成及其构造特征 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
地层对比结果显示,白乃庙地区发育在古生界之上并与其呈构造接触的地层为中新元古界白云鄂博群哈拉霍圪特组和白音宝拉格组。经过详细的野外观察和构造剖面测量可知,自南向北的逆冲推覆作用将白云鄂博群由华北克拉通北缘推覆至兴蒙造山带南缘的白乃庙岛弧岩带内,进而形成白乃庙逆冲推覆构造。根据逆冲断层、飞来峰与下盘地层、岩体的时代及相互关系,推断该逆冲推覆构造向NNW方向推覆7～15 km,形成于晚二叠世至早三叠世,是古亚洲洋闭合后陆陆碰撞作用在陆缘的响应。该逆冲推覆构造的发现和研究对于进一步了解白乃庙地区陆陆碰撞的过程具有重要意义。 相似文献
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通过1/25万四子王旗幅的野外地质填图,在蒙古寺-盘羊山-乌兰合雅一线存在古生代末大型逆冲推覆构造系统,新太古代色尔腾山岩群和新太古代花岗岩自北向南被逆冲推覆于震旦系什那干组灰岩和古生代碎屑岩之上,并形成大小规模的飞来峰和构造窗。整个推覆系统由顶板逆冲断层与底板逆冲断层及夹于其中的一套叠瓦式逆冲断层和断层夹块组合而成,构成典型的双重逆冲推覆构造系统(Duplex)。该逆冲推覆构造总体逆冲方向指向南南西向,形成时代为二叠纪末,估算推覆距离应大于7.1 km。此逆冲推覆构造与华北板块与西伯利亚板块在二叠纪末陆内碰撞造山有关,是华北板块北缘造山带的重要组成部分。 相似文献
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内蒙古白乃庙逆冲推覆构造特征及其地质意义 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
白乃庙逆冲推覆构造自四子王旗北东的十二台向东经白乃庙、博日和延至化德地区,大致沿北纬42°线东西向延伸超过190 km。它发育于华北克拉通与其北侧的奥陶纪白乃庙岛弧带之间,成为华北克拉通与北缘增生带的构造界线,是一套较为典型的陆缘褶冲带。它表现为华北克拉通北缘的中-新元古界白云鄂博群向北逆冲于白乃庙群及其弧后盆地的上志留统徐尼乌苏组和顶志留统西别河组之上。根据构造变形解析并结合音频大地电磁测深资料(CSAMT),得出白乃庙逆冲推覆构造由一系列分支逆断层组成,并向深部于120~800 m处交汇成主底板断层,构成一套叠瓦式逆冲推覆构造,并发育规模不同的构造窗和飞来峰。根据构造窗与飞来峰之间的距离,提出逆冲位移量大于14 km。通过线理及褶皱枢纽统计,指出白乃庙逆冲推覆构造的逆冲方向为自南向北。依据逆冲岩席中发育的断夹块的叠置关系及构造岩的特征,认为其经历了两个期次的活动。对断裂带内同构造形成的包裹石英透镜体的白云母分别进行了Rb-Sr和Ar-Ar同位素测年,认为白乃庙逆冲推覆构造早期活动于450~410 Ma,是白乃庙岛弧带与华北板块碰撞的构造反映。白乃庙逆冲断层晚期活动于晚二叠世至早三叠世,是古亚洲洋最终闭合的构造表现,亦印证研究区经历了印支期构造运动。 相似文献
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通过野外地质调查结合大地电磁测深综合构造解释,在休宁—歙县金多金属矿整装勘查区及邻区厘定出发育于晚侏罗世的较大规模逆冲推覆构造,其由逆冲断层、逆冲岩席、原地岩系、构造窗及伴生的牵引褶皱等组成。该逆冲推覆构造发育于"屯溪—休宁"红层盆地南缘,表现为晚元古代浅变质火山-碎屑岩系逆冲推覆于中侏罗统洪琴组碎屑岩之上。逆冲推覆构造由一系列分支逆断层组成,以前展式叠瓦状逆冲为特征,断层前缘陡立,向下变缓。逆冲推覆构造呈北东走向展布,勘查区内延伸可达40 km,推覆体面积大于600 km2。构造窗出露位置结合钻探、物探揭示,逆冲位移为2.0~8.0 km。根据逆冲断层时空配套以及岩浆活动与波及的沉积地层,判断晚侏罗世逆冲推覆构造活动时间为163.5~149.0 Ma。通过逆冲断层擦痕观察及古应力场分析,认为该期逆冲推覆构造形成于华南板块向北强烈挤压的区域动力学环境。逆冲推覆构造为成矿前构造,其与之后发生的伸展构造对岩浆的侵入及含矿热液的流通起着重要的作用,控制了整装勘查区内金、银、铅锌等中低温元素的分布与富集成矿。 相似文献
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《矿物岩石》2017,(4)
通过1∶5×10~4区域地质调查及对重点区段的解剖,首次对湘西永顺-大明逆冲推覆构造的几何样式与变形特征进行详细研究。推覆构造总体呈北东—南西向展布,在逆冲推覆构造的前锋断层沿线,寒武系及奥陶系向北西逆冲推覆于奥陶系及志留系之上,形成规模不等的串珠状排列的飞来峰与构造窗。推覆主断层具有典型的台阶式结构特征,即推覆断层在寒武系上统和奥陶系以灰岩、白云岩为主的强硬岩层中形成高角度切层断坡,进入下志留统下部以泥岩、页岩为主的软弱岩层后断层倾角变缓,转为断坪。推覆构造沿走向变形强度以及结构特征存在明显变化,由北东往南西各区段的水平位移总体上呈现递减趋势,最大推覆距离约4km。永顺-大明逆冲推覆构造的厘定确证雪峰造山带北西缘推覆构造的存在,但诸多证据表明该区域并不存在大规模推覆作用,推覆体为准原地型。分析认为推覆构造是印支—燕山期在北西—南东向挤压应力场下递进变形的产物。 相似文献
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沿隆鄂尼—昂达尔错古油藏发现大量逆冲推覆构造,如北雷错东西两侧、隆鄂尼西北侧、比洛错东南侧、鲁雄错东西两侧,侏罗系烃源岩及含油白云岩沿低角度缓倾斜断层自北向南逆冲推覆于上白垩统红层之上,昂达尔错西北侧中侏罗统含油碳酸盐岩和碎屑岩自北向南逆冲推覆于三叠系灰黑色碎屑岩之上,形成不同规模的逆冲岩席、逆冲岩片、飞来峰和构造窗。高分辨率二维地震反射剖面显示,隆鄂尼—昂达尔错古油藏深部发育多重逆冲推覆构造;比洛错中侏罗统含油白云岩沿顶部双重推覆构造自北向南运移7~11km和12~15km,分别形成隆鄂尼古油藏和德如日古油藏;下伏三叠系及石炭系—二叠系沿底部双重推覆构造自北向南发生大规模逆冲推覆,前锋被向北逆冲的反向断层切割错断。野外观测表明,隆鄂尼—昂达尔错古油藏与羌中隆起北侧油苗带之间发育大量侏罗系逆冲岩席和飞来峰;深地震反射剖面构造解释进一步揭示,三叠系和侏罗系海相烃源岩经历自北羌塘向南羌塘长距离逆冲推覆构造运动,自北向南逆冲推覆运动导致侏罗系烃源岩及中侏罗统含油白云岩构造隆升,形成昂达尔错、隆鄂尼、德如日等古油藏。隆鄂尼—昂达尔错古油藏逆冲推覆及构造隆升主要发生于晚白垩世—古近纪。 相似文献
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西藏阿里推覆构造与蛇绿岩构造侵位 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过野外观测和ETM遥感解译,结合1∶25区域地质调查相关资料,发现西藏阿里地区晚白垩世—古近纪发育自北向南长距离逆冲推覆构造运动,形成大型逆冲推覆构造系统,导致班公—怒江缝合带发生解体和蛇绿岩构造侵位。阿里逆冲推覆构造系统由大量逆冲断层、不同时代的构造岩片、不同规模的飞来峰和构造窗、不同方向的褶皱构造组成,前锋逆冲断层呈弧形分布于拉萨地块北部狮泉河—左左—革吉—麦岗沿线。沿主要逆冲断层,中生代蛇绿混杂岩、三叠纪和侏罗纪碎屑岩-碳酸盐岩、石炭纪板岩、二叠纪白云质灰岩自北向南逆冲推覆于早白垩世碎屑岩-碳酸盐岩、晚白垩世—古近纪红层之上,形成比较典型的薄皮双重推覆构造系统,估算最小推覆距离160～180 km。根据构造关系和同位素年龄资料,推断阿里薄皮推覆构造主要形成时代为75～20 Ma,对应自北向南逆冲推覆构造运动速率约2.91～3.28 mm/a。研究阿里逆冲推覆构造对深化认识班公—怒江缝合带及蛇绿混杂岩的构造属性、合理评价羌塘盆地西段油气资源潜力具有重要意义。 相似文献
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华北地台北缘乌兰哈雅地区发现二叠纪未-三叠纪初蒙古寺-盘羊山-乌兰哈雅推覆构造,将晚太古代色尔腾山岩群绿片岩系推覆到震旦系什那干组灰岩和古生代碎屑岩系之上.推覆面走向近东西向,延伸长度大于50 kn,推覆方向180～230o,推覆距离大于4.5 km.推覆界面被中三叠世(U-Pb同位素年龄231 Ma)二长花岗岩侵入,又被中侏罗统大青山组不整合覆盖.本推覆构造的发现改变了前人认为本区不存在古生代末大型推覆构造的看法,对了解华北地台(板块)构造发展历史与地壳演化有重要意义.说明华北地台(板块)晚古生代末存在大型陆内造山事件,其动力来源推测为华北板块与华南板块的碰撞所产生的巨大挤压应力. 相似文献
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本文按统一比例尺编制了印度-青藏地区1°×1°重力异常图和地形高程图,并用滑动平均方法得到了本区5°×5°重力异常图。用地改后的1°×1°重力异常,采用组合体模型人一机联作选择法,计算了横跨印度-青藏-蒙古长达4680km的岩石圈剖面,还给出了一个楔形体重力正演公式。基本结果有:(1)MBT、MCT的倾角为10°±5°,ITS、NS、KS的倾角为75°±5°;(2)地壳滑脱面的深度在青藏之下约20km,向高喜马拉雅、MCT、MBT抬升至15km;(3)青藏高原南、北边缘均为岩石圈结构的斜坡带,界面倾角由上向下而增大。在大、小喜马拉雅之下,壳内界面(Ⅰ、Ⅱ)的倾角约12°,Moho倾角为18°,岩石圈底面倾角约36°。在祁连山带所有界面倾角都小于喜马拉雅带,其中壳内界面倾角仅约1°,Moho倾角约2°,岩石圈底面倾角约12°;(4)岩石圈厚度由印度、蒙古向高喜马拉雅和祁连山带逐渐增加,与青藏岩石圈的边缘上翘形成主动俯冲和相对逆冲势态。印度岩石圈厚度(或上地幔顶部低密层埋深)不超过50km,蒙古高原(南)厚约70km,到高喜马拉雅和祁连山下分别增加至145和122km,青藏中心地带(怒江两侧)岩石圈厚135km,向南,北边缘各减小到120和90～102km,在高喜马拉雅和祁连山下面形成25和10km的断差;(5)在青藏Moho之下厚5km的高密薄层和软流层之间有一密 相似文献
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Wilfried Bauer Ivan Callegari Naila Al Balushi Ghaliya Al Busaidi Maryam Al Barumi Yusra Al Shoukri 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2018,11(5):94
The Saih Hatat region, in northeastern Oman, is characterized by a large tectonic window, tectonically overlain during the upper Cretaceous by nappes composed of sedimentary rocks from the Mesozoic Hawasina ocean and the Samail ophiolite. In this window, the autochthonous sedimentary cover of the eastern Arabian Platform from the Late Neoproterozoic to the Cenomanian is well exposed. The oldest of these strata, the Hatat schists, were deformed into a NE-facing fold nappe during the upper Cretaceous. Within the overturned and thrusted lower limb of that fold nappe, we identified three small windows exposing stratigraphically younger Hiyam carbonates and Ordovician sandstone. The structural inventory of the windows and the surrounding area indicates three major tectonic phases. The first deformation led to NNE-SSW trending fold structures which probably formed simultaneously with the major fold nappe of the Hatat schists, followed by the extreme attenuation and thrusting of the lower limb of the fold nappe. The second phase was a gentle folding of the thrust with N-S oriented fold axes and third deformation phase that formed WNW-ESE oriented open folds. The windows are situated in the intersection of anticline axes of these two superposed fold generations and represent a mini basin-and-dome structure with an extension of just 1 km?×?1 km. 相似文献
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The arcuate nappe structure on the north edge of the Wuliang Mountains in westernYunnan Province is a complex nappe structural system with multiple superimposed structures.The autochthonous system is a WNW-trending arcuate fold belt consisting of the Jurassic andCretaceous and the allochthonous system is mainly composed of Upper Triassic rocks. Generally,the nappe structure moved from south to north, with the hanging wall thrusting in a WNW direc-tion for a distance of over 10km. The deep nappe structural system was formed at depths ofabout 5-10km in an environment not exceeding the greenschist facies. It occurred in theOligocene (about 40-20 Ma). 相似文献
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16.
Tectonometamorphic evolution of the Himalayan metamorphic core between the Annapurna and Dhaulagiri, central Nepal 总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12
The metamorphic core of the Himalaya in the Kali Gandaki valley of central Nepal corresponds to a 5-km-thick sequence of upper amphibolite facies metasedimentary rocks. This Greater Himalayan Sequence (GHS) thrusts over the greenschist to lower amphibolite facies Lesser Himalayan Sequence (LHS) along the Lower Miocene Main Central Thrust (MCT), and it is separated from the overlying low-grade Tethyan Zone (TZ) by the Annapurna Detachment. Structural, petrographic, geothermobarometric and thermochronological data demonstrate that two major tectonometamorphic events characterize the evolution of the GHS. The first (Eohimalayan) episode included prograde, kyanite-grade metamorphism, during which the GHS was buried at depths greater than c. 35 km. A nappe structure in the lowermost TZ suggests that the Eohimalayan phase was associated with underthrusting of the GHS below the TZ. A c. 37 Ma 40Ar/39Ar hornblende date indicates a Late Eocene age for this phase. The second (Neohimalayan) event corresponded to a retrograde phase of kyanite-grade recrystallization, related to thrust emplacement of the GHS on the LHS. Prograde mineral assemblages in the MCT zone equilibrated at average T =880 K (610 °C) and P =940 MPa (=35 km), probably close to peak of metamorphic conditions. Slightly higher in the GHS, final equilibration of retrograde assemblages occurred at average T =810 K (540 °C) and P=650 MPa (=24 km), indicating re-equilibration during exhumation controlled by thrusting along the MCT and extension along the Annapurna Detachment. These results suggest an earlier equilibration in the MCT zone compared with higher levels, as a consequence of a higher cooling rate in the basal part of the GHS during its thrusting on the colder LHS. The Annapurna Detachment is considered to be a Neohimalayan, synmetamorphic structure, representing extensional reactivation of the Eohimalayan thrust along which the GHS initially underthrust the TZ. Within the upper GHS, a metamorphic discontinuity across a mylonitic shear zone testifies to significant, late- to post-metamorphic, out-of-sequence thrusting. The entire GHS cooled homogeneously below 600–700 K (330–430 °C) between 15 and 13 Ma (Middle Miocene), suggesting a rapid tectonic exhumation by movement on late extensional structures at higher structural levels. 相似文献
17.
Combined petrographic study and apatite fission track analysis (apatite FTA) across the Grès d’Annot basin document maximum temperatures reached by this turbiditic sandstone formation, from around 60 °C at the SW basin margin up to around 200 °C below the Penninic frontal thrust, in relation to burial below the front of Alpine nappes. Increasing diagenetic grade across the basin is primarily expressed by the development of silica transfer by pressure solution and correlated porosity loss. We infer the nappe thickness profile, from the nappe front in the SW up to around 8–10 km in the NE. Apatite FTA dates exhumation of the Grès d’Annot during the Late Miocene, in relation to thrusting of the underlying Argentera and Barrot Palaeozoic massifs. This study illustrates the influence of thrust front propagation on foreland basin diagenesis and exhumation, and highlights potential implications for the evolution of sediment reservoir properties in this context. 相似文献
18.
Thermodynamic regime of culmination phase of high-grade metamorphism of the Umba nappe (Lapland allochthon) was studied, and peak metamorphic monazite was dated. Based on calculation of end member reactions, the metamorphic assemblages of aluminous gneisses from the upper and lower parts of the nappe are close to equilibrium. The metamorphic conditions of the rocks are estimated to be about 800°C and 7 kbar in its upper part and 9 kbar in its lower part. The formation of orthopyroxene-sillimanite aggregates points to increasing pressure and temperature at the prograde stage of PT path, whereas cordierite rims mark the onset of decompression and cooling. The pressure difference of 2–2.5 kbar identified by thermobarometric methods between aluminous gneisses from the upper and lower parts of the Umba nappe corresponds to a depth gradient about 7.5 km, which agrees with approximate thickness of the Umba nappe. The study of the eclogitelike rocks developed after the rocks of the Paleoproterozoic Kolvitsa gabbronorite massif made it possible to trace the P-T evolution of metamorphsim: the temperature peak of granulite stage (11 kbar, 860°C) was followed by pressure increase (up to 14 kbar and more), and then decompressional cooling due to the exhumation of the Por’ya Guba nappe together with the Kolvitsa Massif. The U-Pb monazite age of 1904 ± 3 Ma obtained for aluminous gneisses from the upper part of the Umba nappe corresponds within error to the timing of metamorphic events determined from metamorphic zircon in the anorthosites of the Kolvitsa Massif (1907 ± 2 Ma) and zircon from aluminous gneisses in the melange zone (1906 ± 3 Ma). These isotopic data confirm the conclusion of simultaneous high-pressure granulite metamorphism in the upper and lower portions of the Umba nappe. 相似文献