共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 138 毫秒
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简要介绍了日本和美国地震应急预案体系,指出了它们的核心特征,借鉴国外地震应急预案体系的管理和模式,详细提出了完善我国地震应急预案体系的若干建议和设想。 相似文献
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地震应急预案作为地震应急的核心文件之一,存在操作性不强,针对性不足等问题。在分析地震应急预案特点的基础上提出一种地震应急处置方案技术。地震应急处置方案是地震发生后,为指导地震应急救援,针对具体应急事件的应急处置工作方案。阐述了地震应急处置方案的特点及其与地震应急预案的关系。论述了地震应急处置方案的组成,包括:处置方案框架、应急决策知识和信息技术支撑平台。介绍了地震应急处置方案的工作原理,在信息技术支撑平台上应用地震应急决策知识修正应急处置方案框架并动态生成处置方案。以地市级为例论述了地震应急处置方案框架,并介绍地震应急决策知识的组成。从而为地震应急处置方案的生成与应用奠定基础,该方案试图在一定程度上改进地震应急预案的不足。 相似文献
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地震等突发性公共事件发生时,应急预案是应急准备的核心内容。预案的展现形式是否直观有效,是预案能否及时准确的为指挥人员提供指导性意见的关键。本文以地震应急预案的结构化研究为基础,从文本结构化和系统集成结构化角度进行分析,建立地震应急预案信息系统,探讨地震应急响应过程中联动服务的实现。 相似文献
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我国是个多地震的国家,为了实现防震减灾十年目标,切实做好地震应急工作,１９９５年１２月国务院颁布了《破坏性地震应急条件》（以下简称《条例》）。文章宣传了贯彻《条例》的意义和目的,并从制定防灾预案,强化政府防震减灾职能作用;加强震情应急研究,做好防震救灾基础工作;加强地震应急宣传,提高社会防震减灾意识等几个方面介绍了山东枣庄市地震办公室在贯彻《条例》时所做的实际工作和经验体会。 相似文献
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分析了2006年12月26日台湾恒春地震对厦门的影响,并从应急工作的科学性、可操作性和体系性上结合实例对厦门市地震应急预案的修改和全市信息传输设施的改进进行了讨论。 相似文献
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Following the MS6.4 earthquake that occurred on May 21, 2021 in Yangbi, Yunnan, China, the earthquake emergency response system (EERS) responded immediately. The real-time software delivered many seismic parameters that provided a preliminary assessment of the earthquake. The 24-hour on-duty staff and scientific researchers revised these parameters and produced more detailed reports to understand the cause of the earthquake and the potential damage, which provided valuable information for emergency rescue operations and earthquake situation assessment. Emergency personnel were dispatched immediately to the earthquake site to observe the aftershocks, investigate the damage, and guide and assist in the relief efforts. This paper describes the EERS response to the Yangbi earthquake to demonstrate the characteristics of the system and discuss the potential for further improvement. 相似文献
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为了更好地促进地震应急工作,本文以20世纪90年代初我国地震应急预案工作起步为分界,选取1976年唐山地震和2008年汶川地震为例,通过对比两次地震后在应急组织与指挥、灾情信息传送与发布、应急响应与救援3个方面的情况,解释地震应急预案在地震应对中的作用及其存在的问题,为今后我国地震应急救援工作提供有益的启示。 相似文献
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地震应急期间,标准清晰的专题图因其快速、直观、信息量大等优点,能及时有效地提供灾区基本情况和灾情信息,在地震灾害应急指挥及救援管理中发挥着重要作用。地震应急图件的制作流程涉及基础数据的处理、总体设计、符号设计、制图综合、打印出图等多个环节,甘肃省地震应急专题图存在应急图件制作不规范、产品产出时效性不高的问题。通过不同比例尺数据库的建立、地震应急专题图和产品目录的设计、专题图模板的制作、本地化快速出图软件的部署,使震后应急期间各类专题图件产出快速、标准化、产品化,使甘肃省地震应急快速制图的能力和水平得到提升。 相似文献
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After an earthquake, earthquake emergency response and rescue are important ways to mitigate earthquake-induced losses. Various earthquake emergency maps can provide effective references and guidance to those actions. Currently, related studies include the investigation on symbols of emergency maps, remote sensing emergency mapping and GIS-based mapping methods. However, the existing studies overlook the characteristics of rapidity, dynamicity and variety of presentation methods in making earthquake emergency maps. In this paper, a map template matching method is used to quickly make earthquake emergency maps considering their characteristics. We take investigations on the service objects(users)of the earthquake emergency maps to understand the needs of making earthquake emergency maps. The audience theory in mass media field and map information transmission theory are adopted to classify the users of the earthquake emergency maps into four categories: earthquake emergency commanders, technical staffs for decision-making, earthquake emergency rescuers, and the public. The components of different types of users are described and then their diverse demands in earthquake emergency maps are analyzed, such as the needs of on-field disaster information maps, earthquake information maps, physical geography and social economic maps. Following those needs, we introduce the representation methods of the earthquake emergency maps according to their formats(vector or raster)and contents, such as point symbolization method, kilometer grid method, line symbolization method and range method. Then, we study the rapid plotting method of earthquake emergency map based on map template matching method. The core steps of the method include: 1)before earthquake, the templates of different earthquake emergency maps are designed, prepared and connect the earthquake emergency features with their related spatial database. The map layout and map elements are stored in the templates. 2)After earthquake, the earthquake emergency features will be generated from seismic models(such as attenuation model of earthquake magnitude and seismic intensity)or the information obtained from field investigation. 3)Corresponding earthquake emergency map template is selected in accordance with the generated seismic features. And the features are used to update related features inside the selected template. 4)Minor adjustments are made such as to the map scale and some map annotations to finally generate the formal earthquake emergency map. Architecture of template system of the earthquake emergency maps is designed, including map user level, map template level, template layer level and map element level. Regrading to the architecture, the general map template of earthquake emergency is presented which includes four main regions: title region, main picture region, auxiliary region and annotation region. The main picture region is the essential, which lays geographic background maps and earthquake emergency features. Finally, an earthquake emergency mapping system is developed. Based on the system, a case study is presented, which demonstrates making a simulated seismic intensity influence map. From three aspects, the case presents the application of the template-matching method including: generating earthquake emergency features, substituting the features inside the template with the generated features, and revising map annotations. Therefore, the map template matching method is verified so that it can be used to quickly generate various earthquake emergency maps. 相似文献