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1.
南沙NS90-103钻孔沉积物Sr-Nd同位素组成及其气候环境信息探讨 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
对采自南沙海域ＮＳ９０－１０３钻孔碎屑沉积物的Ｓｒ－Ｎｄ同位素组成及其微量元素 地球化学特征进行探讨,解析其气候环境信息．结果表明,沉积物~８７Ｓｒ／~８６Ｓｒ比值在末次 冰期（０．７２２４～０．７２３）明显高于全新世和末次间冰期盛期比值（０．７２１０～０．７２１７）,反映周 边陆源区在末次冰期风化程度明显加强~１４３Ｎｄ／~１４４Ｎｄ表现为末次冰期相对较高的特点, 结合微量元素的结果可以看出,一方面由于该区末次冰期自生沉积物,例如Ｆｅ－Ｍｎ氧 化物量增加,以及对沉积物Ｎｄ同位素比值升高有所贡献,更重要的是由于末次冰期东 北季风加强、来自北方华南大陆的碎屑物质相对增多所致。 相似文献
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通过固城湖沉积物中高分辨率的岩石磁学取样及其实验研究，取得了环境磁学参数及各种磁参数的比值随深度的变化曲线，结合其他气候指标和同位素年龄结果，表明湖泊沉积中磁参数及其比值的变化能与末次晚冰期以来的古气候变化很好地相对应，尤其是在４．００ｍ和１２．０３ｍ的气候转折点上，沉积物中环境磁参数及其比值同样出现明显的变化，有力地说明沉积物中磁参数及其比值能很好地记录湖泊沉积物沉积时的古气候变化，并且可用来认识古环境突变的界线． 相似文献
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古里雅冰芯中末次间冰期以来气候变化记录研究 总被引：111，自引：8，他引：111
通过对古里雅309m冰芯上部268m的研究,重建了末次间冰期以来的气候环境变化.根据对古里雅冰芯 δ~(18)O的研究,可以清楚地划分出阶段1(冰后期)、2(末次冰期冰盛期)、3(末次冰期间冰阶)、4(末次冰期早冰阶)和5(末次间冰期).阶段5又可分出a,b,c,d,e 5个亚阶段.古里雅冰芯δ~(18)O记录明确地显示了青藏高原温度变化和太阳辐射的密切关系.研究表明,太阳辐射是驱动青藏高原气候变化的主要因子.古里雅冰芯记录与北极格陵兰冰芯和南极Vostok冰芯的对比研究表明,这些相距遥远、不同地区冰芯所记录的大的冷暖事件变化是一致的.但不同地区气候变化幅度是不一致的.青藏高原地区变化幅度大于北极地区和南极地区. 相似文献
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最近150ka黄土高原夏季风气候格局的演化 总被引：11，自引：2，他引：11
通过覆盖黄土高原的30个黄土-古土壤剖面磁化率的测量,绘制了倒数第二冰期(约150kaBP)、末次间冰期(约130～74kaBP)、末次冰期间冰段(约59～24kaBP)、末次冰期极盛期(约18kaBP)及全新世气候适宜期(约9kaBP)共5个特征气候期的磁化率等值线略图。以末次冰期极盛期黄土的磁化率作为风成粉尘的原始磁化率,相对于这个本底值的磁化率增量可作为夏季风气候活动在相应地区的指示及其相对强度。据此,初步恢复了由磁化率等值线所反映的各个时期夏季风气候的空间格局,并估计了夏季风平均锋面的活动范围及其北界的可能位置,从而粗略地再现了最近150ka黄土高原夏季风气候格局的演化过程。同时提出,这一演化过程不仅包含了控制东亚季风环流的各个成员的位置、强度及它们之间的相互配置方式等重要信息,而且可能也与极地和穿越赤道的气流有关。 相似文献
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了解过去环境变化的事实是准确评估当前环境所处的历史位置和预测未来气候变化趋势的前提．本文利用CLIMAP建立的末次冰期的地球表面状况作为下边界条件,用GCM模拟了18000年前冰期全球气候状况．模拟结果显示：冰期全球平均地表气温比现代低约4.9℃,自由大气温度从低层到高层也均有所下降,全球平均降水比现在的少0．25mm／d,相对湿度小10％,平均海平面气压值上升．本模式的模拟结果和其他GCM的模拟结果作了比较,并和地质考古得到的有限的冰期气候资料作了比较,两者基本相符． 相似文献
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冲绳海槽年代地层与沉积速率 总被引：32，自引：1，他引：31
采用AMS14 C ,常规14 C和ESR等方法 ,对冲绳海槽的 6个代表性岩芯进行了对比测年研究 .同时 ,对各岩芯连续性定向样品 ,进行了系统剩磁测量分析 .利用测年数据 ,特别是浮游有孔虫壳体的AMS14 C年龄 ,标定极性事件和极性漂移 ,并据此计算了各站及不同时代的沉积速率 .结果表明 ,槽底平原沉积速率高 ,不亚于东海陆架 ,一般在 1 0～ 30cm/ka之间 ,某些区域高于 40cm/ka ;同时代不同地貌部位或同地貌部位不同时代 ,沉积速率相差较大 ;冰后期沉积速率高于末次冰期沉积速率 相似文献
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华南沿海老红砂的成因与古地理环境 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
据野外调查和室内实验分析,以及测年数据,讨论了华南沿海老红砂的成因与形成环境.认为老红砂是晚更新世末次冰期低海面时的海岸风沙堆积,并在其后的亚间冰期和冰后期的高温期湿热的气候,以及相对高海面的环境下,发生红化作用而成. 相似文献
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滇池北缘草海地区的草2孔,含丰富的孢粉和藻类化石,根据其成分的变化,并与现代湖底层沉积物中花粉和藻类分布规律进行对比,结果表明距今约50000年以来,滇池经历了由浅湖-大湖（湖进）-浅湖（湖退）的演变过程。 相似文献
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CHEN QuanHong LI WenHou GAO YongXiang GUO YanQin FENG JuanPing ZHANG DaoFeng CAO HongXia LIANG JiWei 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2007,50(Z2):47-58
The deep-lake facies of the Yanchang Formation represents a large outflowing lake basin in the Ordos area. Its deposition can be divided into four stages lake genetic and expanding stage, peak stage, inversion stage and dying stage. All the stages are obviously consistent with the evolution of depositional environment and the paleoclimate in the region. The study indicates that the lake basin has evolution fluctuations from highstand to lowstand for four times in its evolution history, and the deposition center of the lake has not obviously moved, staying along the Huachi-Yijun belt. The deep lake sedimentary system mainly consists of deep water deltas and turbidite fans during the entire evolution course of the lake basin in the Late Triassic. The former mainly developed on the slope of steep shore of the delta in the early period of the deep-water expansion and gradually experienced a big shift from deep-water deltas to shallow-water platform delta. And the latter appeared almost in all the above stages and had two types of turbidite fans, slope-moving turbidite fans and slump turbidite fans. The slope-moving turbidite fans have relatively complete facies belts overlapping one another vertically and consist of the slope channel of inter fans, the turbidite channel, inter turbidite channel and turbidite channel front of middle fans and outer fans (or lakebottom plain). However, the slide-moving turbidity fans are formed in the deep lake with their microfacies difficult to be distinguished, and only the center microfacies and edge microfacies can be determined. The two types of the turbidity fans are similarly distributing in the near-root-slope and far-root-slope regions. The deep-lake deposition governs the distribution of the hydrocarbon and reservoir, while the slope-moving turbidite fans are excellent reservoirs for oil-gas exploration due to their great thickness, widespread distribution and accumulation properties. 相似文献
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Chen QuanHong Li WenHou Gao YongXiang Guo YanQin Feng JuanPing Zhang DaoFeng Cao HongXia Liang JiWei 《中国科学:地球科学(英文版)》2007,50(2):47-58
The deep-lake facies of the Yanchang Formation represents a large outflowing lake basin in the Ordos area. Its deposition can be divided into four stages: lake genetic and expanding stage, peak stage, inversion stage and dying stage. All the stages are obviously consistent with the evolution of depositional environment and the paleoclimate in the region. The study indicates that the lake basin has evolution fluctuations from highstand to lowstand for four times in its evolution history, and the deposition center of the lake has not obviously moved, staying along the Huachi-Yijun belt. The deep lake sedimentary system mainly consists of deep water deltas and turbidite fans during the entire evolution course of the lake basin in the Late Triassic. The former mainly developed on the slope of steep shore of the delta in the early period of the deep-water expansion and gradually experienced a big shift from deep-water deltas to shallow-water platform delta. And the latter appeared almost in all the above stages and had two types of turbidite fans, slope-moving turbidite fans and slump turbidite fans. The slope-moving turbidite fans have relatively complete facies belts overlapping one another vertically and consist of the slope channel of inter fans, the turbidite channel, inter turbidite channel and turbidite channel front of middle fans and outer fans (or lakebottom plain). However, the slide-moving turbidity fans are formed in the deep lake with their microfacies difficult to be distinguished, and only the center microfacies and edge microfacies can be determined. The two types of the turbidity fans are similarly distributing in the near-root-slope and far-root-slope regions. The deep-lake deposition governs the distribution of the hydrocarbon and reservoir, while the slope-moving turbidite fans are excellent reservoirs for oil-gas exploration due to their great thickness, widespread distribution and accumulation properties.
相似文献14.
Chen QuanHong Li WenHou Gao YongXiang Guo YanQin Feng JuanPing Zhang DaoFeng Cao HongXia Liang JiWei 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2007,50(2):47-58
The deep-lake facies of the Yanchang Formation represents a large outflowing lake basin in the Ordos area. Its deposition can be divided into four stages: lake genetic and expanding stage, peak stage, inversion stage and dying stage. All the stages are obviously consistent with the evolution of depositional environment and the paleoclimate in the region. The study indicates that the lake basin has evolution fluctuations from highstand to lowstand for four times in its evolution history, and the deposition center of the lake has not obviously moved, staying along the Huachi-Yijun belt. The deep lake sedimentary system mainly consists of deep water deltas and turbidite fans during the entire evolution course of the lake basin in the Late Triassic. The former mainly developed on the slope of steep shore of the delta in the early period of the deep-water expansion and gradually experienced a big shift from deep-water deltas to shallow-water platform delta. And the latter appeared almost in all the above stages and had two types of turbidite fans, slope-moving turbidite fans and slump turbidite fans. The slope-moving turbidite fans have relatively complete facies belts overlapping one another vertically and consist of the slope channel of inter fans, the turbidite channel, inter turbidite channel and turbidite channel front of middle fans and outer fans (or lakebottom plain). However, the slide-moving turbidity fans are formed in the deep lake with their microfacies difficult to be distinguished, and only the center microfacies and edge microfacies can be determined. The two types of the turbidity fans are similarly distributing in the near-root-slope and far-root-slope regions. The deep-lake deposition governs the distribution of the hydrocarbon and reservoir, while the slope-moving turbidite fans are excellent reservoirs for oil-gas exploration due to their great thickness, widespread distribution and accumulation properties. 相似文献
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鄱阳湖成因与演变的历史论证 总被引：7，自引：2，他引：5
本文通过大量史料分析和地质钻孔证据,认为鄱阳湖大水面形成于公元400年前后,为距今约1600年的年青湖泊。鄱阳湖形成的直接和主导因素是长江主泓道南移到湖口一带,因江水阻碍赣江水的下泄,使湖泊水域向南扩张,到唐初面积最大时曾达6000km~2。之后,鄱阳湖水位和面积的变化主要取决于湖口处长江水位的变化。 相似文献
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Groundwater exchanges with lakes resulting from cyclical wet and dry climate extremes maintain lake levels in the environment in ways that are not well understood, in part because they remain difficult to simulate. To better understand the atypical groundwater interactions with lakes caused by climatic extremes, an original conceptual approach is introduced using MODFLOW‐2005 and a kinematic‐wave approximation to variably saturated flow that allows lake size and position in the basin to change while accurately representing the daily lake volume and three‐dimensional variably saturated groundwater flow responses in the basin. Daily groundwater interactions are simulated for a calibrated lake basin in Florida over a decade that included historic wet and dry departures from the average rainfall. The divergent climate extremes subjected nearly 70% of the maximum lakebed area and 75% of the maximum shoreline perimeter to both groundwater inflow and lake leakage. About half of the lakebed area subject to flow reversals also went dry. A flow‐through pattern present for 73% of the decade caused net leakage from the lake 80% of the time. Runoff from the saturated lake margin offset the groundwater deficit only about half of that time. A centripetal flow pattern present for 6% of the decade was important for maintaining the lake stage and generated 30% of all net groundwater inflow. Pumping effects superimposed on dry climate extremes induced the least frequent but most cautionary flow pattern with leakage from over 90% of the actual lakebed area. 相似文献
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Large numbers of peatlands were developed in volcanic landform regions, which would provide valuable long-term records of lake–mire ecosystem shifts and act as significant carbon pool in regional carbon cycle. To investigate lake–mire ecosystem transformations and driving mechanisms in volcanic landform regions, the developmental history of Gushantun peatland in northeast China was reconstructed in this study. Results indicate that Gushantun peatland initiated in the deepest portions of the basin, and subsequently experienced expansions outward. Peat initiated from approximately 12 ka cal. bp to present. The developmental patterns of Gushantun peatland can be divided into four stages: the stable stage 1 (12–10 ka cal. bp ), maximum stage (10–7 ka cal. bp ), stable stage 2 (7–4 ka cal. bp ) and stable stage 3 (4–0 ka cal. bp ). The possible forcing mechanisms for the development of Gushantun peatland were different during different periods. From 12 ka cal. bp to 10 ka cal. bp , autogenic process was probably the major controlling factor for the expansion of this peatland. From 10 to 7 ka cal. bp , flat basin morphology was the major influence factor for fast expansion. However, the development of Gushantun peatland was probably controlled by the dual effects of high moisture and autogenic process during the period of 7 to 4 ka cal. bp . From 4 ka cal. bp to present, steep basin morphology was the major influence factor, while moisture might be the secondary factor for development of Gushantun peatland. These features indicate that lake–mire ecosystem transforms in volcanic landform regions of Changbai Mountains were probably triggered by the complex effects of autogenic process, hydroclimate and underlying basin morphology. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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The sedimentology of proglacial Silt Lake was assessed by lake sediment coring and monitoring of lacustrine processes during a late‐summer period of high glacier melt to characterize sediment delivery from the heavily glacierized catchment and investigate the sediment trapping dynamics of this upland lake. A complete varve chronology was established for a distal basin of the lake which was exposed by Lillooet Glacier retreat between 1947 and 1962. The varve record showed decreasing sedimentation rates in the basin while the glacier retreated, and as the lake became free of ice contact in the early 1970s. Although recession has continued over recent decades, and glacier proximity to the lake has, therefore, continued decreasing, lacustrine sedimentation rates are now accelerating due to changing basin morphometry caused by delta progradation. Over shorter time scales, lake sedimentation patterns respond to changing runoff conditions, including late‐summer glacier melt intensity, intra‐annual flooding events, diumal runoff fluctuations, and within‐lake turbidity currents. Turbidity currents included quasi‐regular flows during high diurnal discharges and an episodic flushing of temporarily stored sediment from the sandur or delta at a time of low stage. Suspended sediment yield to Silt Lake is estimated to exceed 103 Mg km?2 a?1, a magnitude that surpasses previous local and regional yield estimates for the glacierized headwaters of the Lillooet River valley. Since Silt Lake currently traps a significant prooportion of that upland sediment supply, and the trapping efficiency of the basin has been variable at decadal time scales, the formation and continued development of Lilt Lake has likely had a significant influence on downstream sediment delivery. Lacustrine sediment‐based proxies of long‐term hydroclimatic variability being developed in glacially distal settings should include provisions for dynamic sediment trapping effects in upstream water bodies that often form in the active proglacial environment. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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ABSTRACTUnderstanding of the effect of basin water resources utilization on lake nutrients is helpful to prevent lake eutrophication and facilitate sustainable water resources management. In this study, a lake basin dualistic water cycle system is established to identify the environmental effect of lake water. Four water utilization indicators were chosen to build a driving relationship with the lake nutrients. Three different trophic lakes in Yunnan Province, China – Dianchi, Erhai and Fuxian – were selected to demonstrate the changes in basin water utilization, runoff, nutrient loads and water-use indicators for the period 2000–2015. In addition, the driving forces of water-use indicators to nutrients (total nitrogen and total phosphorus) were analysed by a general additive model. Finally, an optimized water utilization system for each lake basin is proposed. The research provides a practical tool for water resources and environmental management in lake basins. 相似文献