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针对传统等效线性法对尾矿坝地震响应分析结果与实际情况存在一定的出入的问题,通过振动台模型试验和数值计算结果比对验证数值计算方法的可行性,运用考虑液化后尾矿砂流动特性的孔压上升模型,基于完全非线性动力分析方法,对尾矿坝地震响应进行分析计算,通过对坝顶位移和加速度的监测结果进行分析,得出坝顶的加速度放大系数以及坝顶位移最大值;并由坝体水平方向位移云图、竖直方向位移云图及位移矢量图,判断可能发生局部滑坡的位置;对坝体内液化情况进行判定,得到尾矿坝的地震响应规律,为尾矿坝抗震设计提供一定的理论参考. 相似文献
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基于渗流-应力耦合分析的野鸡尾尾矿坝稳定性研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
基于渗流场与应力场耦合机理,对柿竹园野鸡尾尾矿坝进行稳定性研究。研究渗流-应力的耦合效应,提出了渗流-应力耦合以及渗流体积力计算的实施方案;建立二维的有限元渗流-应力耦合计算模型,分析了考虑耦合效应时的尾矿坝渗流场、位移场、应力场;最终分析了不同耦合关系对于渗流量、位移场、等效渗透集中力以及应力场的影响。研究结果表明：当前水力条件下,尾矿坝稳定性良好;尾矿坝主要受水平渗透力作用,初期坝坝顶、坝脚以及坝底等处应力集中;尾矿坝的渗流-应力作用不容忽视,不同的耦合关系对于x方向位移、渗透力的预测影响巨大;考虑渗流-应力耦合关系得到的主应力、剪应力以及竖向位移,比不考虑耦合效应时大。 相似文献
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无基坑振冲加密施工是一种比较先进的土石坝建筑方法。以海南省三亚市西部的宁远河中下游河段的大隆水利枢纽工程土石坝为研究对象,对其进行准确分区,以饱和-非饱和渗流理论为基础,通过三维有限元数值方法,模拟库水下降作用下的土石坝渗流场,并对各级水位下的孔压、流速及流向进行分析,评价大坝的渗流安全。研究结果表明：采用无基坑振冲加密施工方法后,坝体内填砂砾振冲层形成上游排水通道,在坝前水位骤降工况下,防渗土料内有效流速方向和渗透压力的方向由近水平的指向坝面变为竖直向下指向填砂砾振冲层,而且有效流速明显变大,利于渗透水通过填砂砾振冲层排到下游,有利于上游坝体稳定。 相似文献
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贮灰场主要用于储存燃煤电厂排出的粉煤灰和炉渣,在加高扩容时应特别注意地震作用下的稳定性。通过现场试验和数值模拟手段,研究了某贮灰场加高扩容前后的液化可能性、动力响应及稳定性。结果表明:(a)加高扩容后四级坝的峰值加速度和峰值水平位移相比现状三级坝响应更加显著。(b)子坝坝体粉煤灰不液化,库内可能出现液化。输入地震动峰值加速度越高,库内液化区明显增大,加高扩容后库内液化区域增大。(c)地震作用下贮灰场三级坝与拟筑四级坝的潜在滑动面位置均位于子坝坝系。随拟筑四级坝高程增加,最小安全系数减小。根据该贮灰场Ⅷ度抗震设防烈度要求,加高扩容前后贮灰场的稳定性均满足抗震规范要求。研究成果可为贮灰场加高扩容后的抗震设计提供理论依据。 相似文献
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通过拉格朗日差分程序FLAC3D完全非线性动力分析模块,模拟了自由场地液化振动台实验并对实验结果做出分析,结果表明:该动力分析方法能够较好地反映液化土层地震响应,实验结果也验证了模拟结果的精确性;液化土层滤波作用起始于孔压比上升的时候且较为明显,液化后加速度时程的卓越周期有所增加;本文实例中的液化土层对地震动具有放大作用,液化范围越大,其放大作用越明显,且在长周期段放大作用更为突出。 相似文献
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《地震工程与工程振动》2017,(2)
为研究尾矿库地震动力响应特征,本文依托象冲尾矿库,建立1:300缩尺的振动台试验模型,布设14个加速度传感器,在4 m×4 m振动台进行12个工况动力模型试验;采用三维激光扫描仪精准地采集尾矿库模型的坐标点云数据,建立三维数值模型,进行地震动力数值模拟。最后结合振动台试验结果的放大系数与数值模拟结果的永久位移云图、应力云图,深入研究尾矿库的动力响应特征。分析结果表明:尾矿库的动力响应与作用地震波的加速度峰值呈负相关的关系;含水率的提高对尾矿坝的动力响应有一定的放大作用,尤其是对滩面及外坡的下部的影响较为明显;尾矿库与地基山体和初期坝的接触位置处,更容易出现较大的应力,形成介质突变效应;永久位移随着高程的增加而变大,表明存在高程效应。 相似文献
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为定量刻画地壳应力-应变改变、含水层孔压扰动及井孔水位变化之间的耦合过程,促进对近场地震水位同震响应机制的理解,利用多场耦合数值模拟方法,获得鲁甸地区（200×200）km2范围内,2014年鲁甸MS6.5地震造成的同震静态应变场分布、孔压演化规律及会泽井水位响应曲线,并以渗透系数、杨氏模量及孔隙度为变量,设计6组不同模拟情景对影响研究区孔压演化的参数进行分析。结果表明：（1）鲁甸地震造成的同震静态应变场沿断层两侧呈四象限分布,应变场极值点分布在断层北段两侧,远离断层体应变数值逐渐减小;（2）地震造成研究区含水层孔压扰动在50 d内恢复至震前稳定值,孔压的扩散时间受渗透系数及杨氏模量的影响;（3）模拟所得会泽井水位受地震影响瞬时上升0.45 m,并在震后50 d内恢复至震前水位,水位变化趋势为阶升之后缓慢恢复,模拟水位与实测水位变化趋势相近。 相似文献
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利用基于Biot的饱和多孔介质理论和砂土多重机构模型的动力分析有限元程序FLIP,对遭受M6.7地震的国外某深厚砂质覆盖层土坝进行有效应力动力分析,研究坝体和地基的动力反应特性及其超静孔隙水压力的分布规律。通过对坝体加速度和永久变形的计算结果与现场实测数据的比较分析,证明两者之间存在一定差异,但计算结果基本上反映坝体加速度与永久变形的实际分布特征,从而说明采用的数值计算方法和本构模型具有一定精度。根据计算结果可以得出:坝体无液化发生;坝底上游浅层地基可能会发生局部液化,但范围较小,可以不进行加固处理;坝趾附近浅层地基可能会发生较大范围的液化,因此须采取相应的抗液化加固措施。 相似文献
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黄土具有极强的水敏性和动力易损性，黄土地区多次强震都引起过液化、滑坡等地质灾害，造成了严重的人员伤亡和财产损失，因此振动作用下高含水率黄土的液化问题不容忽视。在大量已有研究的基础上，以宁夏党家岔滑坡为例，研究振动作用下高含水率黄土的液化问题。现场调查发现高含水率滑带土并未达到完全饱和状态（饱和度达95%左右），在新鲜的芯样断面发现有明显的"流态化"液化破坏特征。借助室内试验和数值模拟技术，对党家岔滑坡非饱和黄土层的液化性能及液化发生机理进行分析。结果表明：（1）非饱和黄土层液化发生机理可概括为：地震作用下饱和黄土层孔隙水压力激增，高含水率非饱和黄土层孔压增长响应滞后，随着孔隙水压朝上部消散，地下水向上渗流，当平均有效应力接近0时，高含水率非饱和黄土层发生液化；（2）振动过程中不同饱和度黄土孔隙水压力增长响应具有滞后性，借鉴饱和黄土液化时孔压比的判别标准和Seed简化判别法，初步证实党家岔滑坡高含水率非饱和黄土层可发生振动液化，斜坡前缘和中部土体发生液化的初始饱和度范围分别为68.3%~100%和73.8%~100%，斜坡后缘土体不发生液化。 相似文献
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Mitsutoshi Yoshimine Hiroto Nishizaki Kei Amano Yasuyo Hosono 《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2006,26(2-4):253-264
This paper intended to evaluate the behavior of saturated sand and sloped ground subjected to flow failure with seepage of pore water in the ground after earthquake and the resultant liquefaction. Triaxial compression tests of sand with constant deviator stress but changing of pore pressure and volume of the specimens were conducted in this study. It was revealed that the relation between the volume change and the amount of shear strain during deformation depended on the initial density of the sand but it did not much depend on shear stress and initial confining stress levels. Based on this test results and numerical analysis of the seepage of pore water in liquefied ground, a methodology was proposed to predict the deformation of inclined ground due to liquefaction. 相似文献
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分层液化土中桩基侧向动力反应机理的试验研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
饱和砂土中的桩基侧向动力响应研究一直是岩土工程界与地震工程领域关注的热点,尤其是群桩侧向动力响应机制是需要重点研究的课题之一。基于振动台试验,通过输入2种不同的波形,采用FBG光栅传感系统对饱和砂土中的单桩与群桩侧向动力响应特性和典型测试点的桩土动力p—y滞洄曲线进行研究。研究结果表明：振动初期,单桩和群桩试验孔压增长不大,随后单桩孔压迅速上升,振动后期逐渐下降至0.5,而群桩孔压则上升缓慢;单桩试验土表加速度在振动初期逐步升高后又迅速降低,且加速度放大值略大于台面加速度值,群桩试验土表加速度在振动初期逐渐升高时就达到了最大,且随着孔压比的升高,加速度没有继续放大,而是逐渐减小,直到后期与单桩试验土表加速度重合;饱和砂土液化对单桩承台加速度和位移的影响较大,群桩承台侧向动力响应对液化的敏感程度略低于单桩承台;在振动输入和承台输入相同的条件下,液化后的群桩基础比单桩基础能更好地抵抗侧向力的作用。 相似文献
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A hydrogeophysical survey is performed at small earthen dam that overlies a confined aquifer. The structure of the dam has not shown evidence of anomalous seepage internally or through the foundation prior to the survey. However, the surface topography is mounded in a localized zone 150 m downstream, and groundwater discharges from this zone periodically when the reservoir storage is maximum. We use self‐potential and electrical resistivity tomography surveys with seismic refraction tomography to (1) determine what underlying hydrogeologic factors, if any, have contributed to the successful long‐term operation of the dam without apparent indicators of anomalous seepage through its core and foundation; and (2) investigate the hydraulic connection between the reservoir and the seepage zone to determine whether there exists a potential for this success to be undermined. Geophysical data are informed by hydraulic and geotechnical borehole data. Seismic refraction tomography is performed to determine the geometry of the phreatic surface. The hydro‐stratigraphy is mapped with the resistivity data and groundwater flow patterns are determined with self‐potential data. A self‐potential model is constructed to represent a perpendicular profile extending out from the maximum cross‐section of the dam, and self‐potential data are inverted to recover the groundwater velocity field. The groundwater flow pattern through the aquifer is controlled by the bedrock topography and a preferential flow pathway exists beneath the dam. It corresponds to a sandy‐gravel layer connecting the reservoir to the downstream seepage zone. 相似文献
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《Journal of Applied Geophysics》2011,75(4):277-286
Self-potential (SP) and electrical resistivity measurements are used to investigate seepage at a remote moraine dam in the Sierra Nevada of California. The site is a small terminal moraine impounding roughly 300,000 m3 of water at ~ 3400 m a.s.l. Suspicious fine sediment in a small lake at the dam's downstream toe prompted initial concerns that anomalous seepage may be eroding matrix material from the moraine. 235 individual SP measurements covering the surface of the dam were collected in order to investigate electrokinetic current sources resulting from seepage, while resistivity soundings probed moraine stratigraphy and suggest that the till contains interstitial ice. Contoured SP data reveal a non-uniform voltage distribution over the moraine dam and two distinct negative SP anomalies. The first, located in the central area of the moraine, shows a broad negative SP zone around the crest and increasingly positive SP moving downhill towards both the upstream and downstream toes. This anomaly can be explained by shallow gravitational groundwater flow in the near subsurface combined with upward groundwater flux through evapotranspiration; numerical simulation of the combined effect matches field data well. The second SP anomaly has a tightly localized distribution and can be explained by vertically descending flow into a bedrock fault conduit. Our conceptual seepage model suggests that flow travels from Dana Lake first at the boundary of ice-filled moraine and bedrock before converging on a concentrated channel in the subvertical fault zone. Positive SP near the dam abutments results from groundwater inflow from adjacent hillslopes. Combined analyses suggest that seepage erosion is not currently affecting the moraine dam, and that the sediment observed on the bed of the downstream toe lake is likely a remnant of past outflow events. 相似文献
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前人曾指出液化后伴随着超孔隙水压重新分配的渗透会引起流体破坏的可能性。为了研究这一现象,利用实验室三轴试验将孔隙水注入土壤检测了土壤的渗透剪切破坏。该实验是在各项异性的固结作用后保持差应力,使用孔隙水控制装置在体积不变的应变控制条件下将孔隙水注入。实验中所用的材料是在1995年神户地震时被液化的常规洁净细砂和风化的花岗岩土壤。本文以实验结果为基础,讨论了由孔隙水注入引起的渗透剪切破坏判据和导致后液化行为的剪切应变发展特征。 相似文献
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Shallow intrusion of magma caused phreatic explosions and mud flows at the snow-covered summit of Chokai volcano, northeast Honshu, Japan, after 153 years of dormancy. Total heat emission by the eruption is estimated at more than 3.0 × 1021 erg. Equivalent amount of magma is about 2.2 × 108 ton. Focal mechanisms of the associated volcanic earthquakes, which had been variable during the period of eruption. became stable after the cessation of the surface activity with pressure axis in a NW direction which is also the strike of the epicenter distribution. This temporal change of focal mechanisms may be interpreted as the result of propagation of increased pore pressure in the direction of the maximum pressure in the post eruptive period. The magmatic pressure which certainly predominated during the eruption period and caused carthquakes with variable mechanisms, decreased through surface activity. 相似文献