共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 156 毫秒
1.
本文首先概述岩石在室内各种受载条件下电阻率的实验研究工作,这对于认识和理解电阻率变化特征、规律以及探索其机理起着重要的作用。但是在实验中主要采用4个固定电极的测量系统,它只能获得从某个深度到岩样表面的整个深度层的视电阻率变化的综合信息,而无法获得不同深度层的视电阻率变化特征,不利于进一步研究电阻率及其各向异性变化的机理。我们利用电阻率层析成像方法获得了多个方向的电阻率数据,据此可以获得随深度变化的电阻率及其各向异性曲线以及随应力变化的电阻率图像,可能为深入理解和研究电阻率变化机理起到积极的帮助。 相似文献
2.
3.
以水平裂缝分布的孔隙介质模型为基础,建立了水平裂缝面的平行裂缝分布和带粗糙表面的点接触裂缝模型,导出了两类裂缝模型的水平和垂直电阻率响应关系,分析了两类裂缝模型在没有围压和存在围压条件下的水平电阻率、垂直电阻率变化规律和电各向异性系数的变化特征.讨论了裂缝开度、裂缝密度和裂缝粗糙度等裂缝特征参数对裂缝性储层电各向异性的影响.为简化讨论,所有电性响应特征的分析都忽略了裂缝和孔隙表面的导电性和极化的影响.利用平行分布水平裂缝面模型和带粗糙面的裂缝模型,考察了围压条件下的裂缝性岩石的电各向异性响应特征,得到了对实际应用有意义的结果. 相似文献
4.
观测地壳浅层电阻率随时间变化以寻找地震信息是地电阻率方法的目的。实际工作中,在保证观测精度的前提下,发现正常（无震）情况的地电阻率仍然存在着复杂的变化,给定量和定性分析地震异常带来相当大的困难。 本文分析了一些台站正常地电阻率的变化规律,并在此基础上提出“变化电性剖面模式”,来阐明一些台站正常地电阻率变化的复杂过程及其产生的可能原因。从此观点出发,导出以二层电性剖面为特征的台站正常地电阻率相对似年变化幅度公式。通过典型计算,提出获取平稳的正常原始资料是解决上述困难问题的方向,并指出了获取平稳正常变化资料的具体途径。 相似文献
5.
曲折度电阻率模型在大庆G地区低渗储层评价中的应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
大庆G地区P油层孔渗较低、泥质含量较高,属于中低孔特低渗、高含泥储层,利用压汞实验资料对该区储层特征进行分析,研究结果表明该区储层分选性较差、孔喉不均、微观孔隙结构复杂.复杂的孔隙结构会引起导电路径的复杂化,影响储层的电性特征.经典阿尔奇公式由于没有考虑孔隙结构变化对岩石电阻率的影响,不能准确描述孔隙结构复杂的低孔、渗储层的导电规律,因而建立一种适合于低孔、渗复杂储层的电阻率模型成为当务之急.针对P油层具有更复杂的孔隙结构,本文利用曲折度岩石体积物理模型建立了岩石孔隙结构和岩石电阻率之间的联系及关系式.该式表明,孔隙度一定时,孔隙通道越弯曲,孔隙结构越复杂,孔隙曲折度越大,岩石的地层因素值也越大.为了使该关系式实用化,本文提出在曲折度电阻率模型中引入结构系数,解决孔隙曲折度的表征问题,实现对岩石孔隙结构复杂程度的定量计算,从而建立了新的地层因素公式.利用压汞和岩电等实验数据对新的地层因素公式进行验证,证实地层因素和结构系数存在着幂次关系,岩石的孔隙结构越复杂,结构系数越大,地层因素越高.针对研究区泥质含量较高、地层矿化度较低的特点,选用能够描述饱含水地层电阻率与地层水电阻率之间弯曲关系的DOLL方程作为饱和度基本方程,并将新的地层因素公式引入DOLL方程中,建立了该区低孔、渗泥质砂岩饱和度方程.实际处理结果表明,该导电模型在一定程度上考虑了孔隙结构变化对电阻率的影响,计算的含水饱和度平均相对误差小于8％,精度满足低孔、渗储层开发生产的需要. 相似文献
6.
研究了淡水环境下富含粘土矿物、细颗粒砂岩低电阻率油气层. 分析了粘土的附加导电性,认为粘土质量百分数高且富含伊利石和蒙脱石的地层中,若地层水质量浓度小于15g/L等效NaCl盐溶液时,粘土的附加导电性是造成油气层电阻率低的首要原因. 同时分析了细颗粒、粘土质量百分数不高的储层,高的毛细管压力使束缚水饱和度很高,同样能形成低电阻率油气层. 储层中粘土质量百分数的多少对储层岩石电性特征(I-Sw曲线形态)有重要影响,可用于指导测井资料解释模型的选择. 相似文献
7.
本文将地震地电阻率阶段性变化划分为六个时期:1.无震期间地电阻率的正常变化;2.早期地电阻率的下降变化;3.近期地电阻率的平缓变化;4.短期地电阻率的快速下降变化;5.临震前地电阻率的回返突跳变化(发震);6.震后地电阻率的调整正常变化.并用构造应力作用下岩体孔隙闭合、缩小—(膨胀)—恢复—水饱和度就地变化的观点解释地震地电阻率阶段性变化特征. 相似文献
8.
本文以变化电性剖面模式阐明地电阻率正常变化的复杂行径及其以可能原因为基础, 通过计算得到了地电阻率正常相对似年变幅与台址电性剖面诸参数间的定性、定量关系.从而阐明台址电性参数条件对地电阻率正常变化的影响和控制作用.通过实验证实上述结论的正确性, 指出获取平稳正常变化资料的可能性和具体途径. 相似文献
9.
依据典型震例中的视电性异常变化，介绍了视电性变化各向异性与震源机制解最大主压应力的关系，讨论了电性变化的物理机理。结果表明，视电性变化与饱水裂隙电阻率ρf、固架电阻率ρ0和裂隙率υ有关，与DD模式预言的震源区扩容阶段电阻率变化过程，岩(土)标本加载过程中视电阻率变化相吻合，地震电性变化主要是由于孕震晚期阶段震源区及附近扩容裂隙快速发展、导电通道串通、导电流体活跃而引起的。我国地震地电阻率观测确实检测到了这一变化。 相似文献
10.
组成地壳表部岩石的导电性在自然埋藏状态下主要取决于岩石的结构、构造和矿物成分以及岩石所处环境的温度、压力、孔隙溶液的含量、浓度及其化学成分。不同含湿量的各种岩石在外力作用下视电阻率的变化特征国内外已积累了较丰富的实验资料。但是,温度对岩 相似文献
11.
Mohamed Mahmoud Gomaa 《Geophysical Prospecting》2009,57(6):1091-1100
This paper is devoted to study the effect of saturation, with distilled water, on AC electrical conductivity and dielectric constant of a fully and partially saturated hematitic sandstone sample (Aswan area, Egypt). The saturation of the sample was changed from full saturation to partial saturation by air drying. Complex resistivity measurements at room temperature (∼16° C) were performed in the frequency range from 10 Hz to 100 kHz. We used non-polarizing Cu/CuSO4 gel electrodes. Experimental electrical spectra indicate, generally, that the electrical conductivity and dielectric constant vary strongly with water saturation and frequency. The low-frequency electrical conductivity and dielectric constant are supposed to be mainly controlled by surface conduction and polarization of the electrical double layer. Power law behaviours with frequency were noticed. The change in electrical conductivity and dielectric constant with increasing water content is fast at low saturations and slow at high saturations. The behaviour of the electrical conductivity and dielectric constant, with increasing water content, was argued to be the orientational polarization of bound water for very low saturations, displacement of the excess surface charges for relatively low saturations and free exchange of excess ions in double layer with the bulk electrolyte and generation of transient diffusional potentials, which lag behind the applied field for high saturations in addition to membrane polarization on clay and at inter-grain and grain surface water throats having selective charge transport properties. Also, from the data a semi-percolation behaviour was found that has a peak of dielectric constant at a certain concentration and an abrupt change in conductivity at another saturation. 相似文献
12.
13.
14.
为了建立具有普遍适用性的上地幔电性结构,本文利用Kawai-1000t压机和Solartron IS-1260阻抗/增益-相位分析仪,在4.0~14.0 GPa、873~1673 K的条件下,采用交流阻抗谱法（频率范围10-1~106Hz）测量了不含水的地幔岩电导率.实验结果显示,岩石的电导率随温度升高而大幅度的增大;在较大的温度范围内岩石的导电机制发生了变化,中低温时为小极化子导电,此时激活焓为0.94 eV （±0.13） eV,激活体积为0.11（±0.92） cm3·mol-1,高温时为和镁空穴相关的离子导电,此时激活焓为1.6~3.17 eV,激活体积为6.75（±7.43） cm3·mol-1;本次测量的电导率比低压下岩石的电导率要高,比矿物的电导率也要高.用本次的实验结果回归计算得到Fennoscandian地区的上地幔的一维电导率剖面,发现200 km以上本次实验计算的结果和大地电磁测深的电导率剖面吻合的比较好,在200 km以下本次实验得到的要比野外测量的电导率稍稍高一点,可能是因为实验过程中没有完全避免水的影响.本次的实验结果比用有效均匀介质方法计算得到的pyrolite矿物模型的电导率要高出两个数量级,这样的结果显示只用一种矿物的电导率或是几种矿物理论计算的结果有一定的不合理性. 相似文献
15.
ELECTRICAL STRUCTURE OF THE 2017 MS7.0 JIUZHAIGOU EARTHQUAKE REGION AND THE EASTERN TERMINUS OF THE EAST KUNLUN FAULT 
下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 SUN Xiang-yu ZHAN Yan ZHAO Ling-qiang CHEN Xiao-bin LI Chen-xia SUN Jian-bao HAN Jing CUI Teng-fa 《地震地质》1979,42(1):182-197
The East Kunlun Fault is a giant fault in northern Tibetan, extending eastward and a boundary between the Songpan-Ganzi block and the West Qinling orogenic zone. The East Kunlun Fault branches out into a horsetail structure which is formed by several branch faults. The 2017 Jiuzhaigou MS7.0 earthquake occurred in the horsetail structure of the East Kunlun Fault and caused huge casualties. As one of several major faults that regulate the expansion of the Tibetan plateau, the complexity of the deep extension geometry of the East Kunlun Fault has also attracted a large number of geophysical exploration studies in this area, but only a few are across the Jiuzhaigou earthquake region. Changes in pressure or slip caused by the fluid can cause changes in fault activity. The presence of fluid can cause the conductivity of the rock mass inside the fault zone to increase significantly. MT method is the most sensitive geophysical method to reflect the conductivity of the rock mass. Thus MT is often used to study the segmented structure of active fault zones. In recent years MT exploration has been carried out in several earthquake regions and the results suggest that the location of main shock and aftershocks are controlled by the resistivity structure. In order to study the deep extension characteristics of the East Kunlun Fault and the distribution of the medium properties within the fault zone, we carried out a MT exploration study across the Tazang section of the East Kunlun Fault in 2016. The profile in this study crosses the Jiuzhaigou earthquake region. Other two MT profiles that cross the Maqu section of East Kunlun Fault performed by previous researches are also collected. Phase tensor decomposition is used in this paper to analyze the dimensionality and the change in resistivity with depth. The structure of Songpan-Ganzi block is simple from deep to shallow. The structure of West Qinlin orogenic zone is complex in the east and simple in the west. The structure near the East Kunlun Fault is complex. We use 3D inversion to image the three MT profiles and obtained 3D electrical structure along three profiles. The root-mean-square misfit of inversions is 2.60 and 2.70. Our results reveal that in the tightened northwest part of the horsetail structure, the East Kunlun Fault, the Bailongjiang Fault, and the Guanggaishan-Dieshan Fault are electrical boundaries that dip to the southwest. The three faults combine in the mid-lower crust to form a "flower structure" that expands from south to north. In the southeastward spreading part of the horsetail structure, the north section of the Huya Fault is an electrical boundary that extends deep. The Tazang Fault has obvious smaller scale than the Huya Fault. The Minjiang Fault is an electrical boundary in the upper crust. The Huya Fault and the Tazang Fault form a one-side flower structure. The Bailongjiang and the Guanggaishan-Dieshan Fault form a "flower structure" that expands from south to north too. The two "flower structures" combine in the high conductivity layer of mid-lower crust. In Songpan-Ganzi block, there is a three-layer structure where the second layer is a high conductivity layer. In the West Qinling orogenic zone, there is a similar structure with the Songpan-Ganzi block, but the high conductivity layer in the West Qinling orogenic zone is shallower than the high conductivity layer in the Songpan-Ganzi block. The hypocenter of 2017 MS7.0 Jiuzhaigou earthquake is between the high and low resistivity bodies at the shallow northeastern boundary of the high conductivity layer. The low resistivity body is prone to move and deform. The high resistivity body blocked the movement of low resistivity body. Such a structure and the movement mode cause the uplift near the East Kunlun Fault. The electrical structure and rheological structure of Jiuzhaigou earthquake region suggest that the focal depth of the earthquake is less than 11km. The Huya Fault extends deeper than the Tazang Fault. The seismogenic fault of the 2017 Jiuzhaigou earthquake is the Huya Fault. The high conductivity layer is deep in the southwest and shallow in the northeast, which indicates that the northeast movement of Tibetan plateau is the cause of the 2017 Jiuzhaigou earthquake. 相似文献
16.
本文用磁场梯度法研究华北地区地幔高导层的埋藏深度.所用的 Sq 资料取自六个台站:大连、昌黎、北京、红山、泰安和西安.计算 C 值时用二次曲面法.为了解释本文的 Creal-T 曲线和|Cimag|-T 曲线,至少要假设地下是四层结构.最底层的电导率非常高,埋藏深度约为690km.中间可能有一夹层,电导率约为0.325S/m,厚约24.5km,其顶面的埋藏深度约为334km.上述结果只是初步的,其真实性还需更多的研究、证实.本区与我国东南地区的深部结构比较,差异很大,因此也需要研究其间是怎样变化过渡的. 相似文献
17.
Time domain reflectometry (TDR) is a highly accurate and automatable method for determination of porous media water content and electrical conductivity. Water content is inferred from the dielectric permittivity of the medium, whereas electrical conductivity is inferred from TDR signal attenuation. Empirical and dielectric mixing models are used to relate water content to measured dielectric permittivity. Clay and organic matter bind substantial amounts of water, such that measured bulk dielectric constant is reduced and the relationship with total water content requires individual calibration. A variety of TDR probe configurations provide users with site‐ and media‐specific options. Advances in TDR technology and in other dielectric methods offer the promise not only for less expensive and more accurate tools for electrical determination of water and solute contents, but also a host of other properties such as specific surface area, and retention properties of porous media. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
18.
阿尔奇年代的储层孔隙结构简单，岩石孔隙可以被实验电解质完全充填，随着油气田勘探开发的逐步深入，对储层孔隙结构复杂程度的认识更加深入.发现岩石孔隙不仅有有效孔隙，也有无效孔隙.不仅有效孔隙导电，无效孔隙也导电，某些岩石骨架同样也导电.如何去除无效孔隙和其他各类岩石附加导电现象的影响，正确评价有效孔隙的贡献往往令人困惑.笔者发现：通过岩石电阻率计算地层因数只是在没有岩石附加导电环境下的特殊应用，在更为普适的条件下，地层因数实质是借助岩石电阻变化率反映孔隙连通性的重要参数.与物理学位移、速度的关系类似，电阻率和电阻变化率之间同样有着密切关系.这一观点的提出为在复杂孔隙结构条件下评价储层孔隙有效性提供了手段. 相似文献
19.
20.
In river bank filtration, impurities present in the river water travel with the bank filtrate towards the pumping well. During this passage, certain types of impurities, such as turbidity, total coliform, and so forth, may get attenuated; however, it is interesting to note that some of the instant raw river water quality parameters, such as alkalinity and electrical conductivity, increase after the passage of water through the porous medium. This occurs because water, when passing through the soil pores, absorbs many of the solutes that cause an increase in alkalinity and electrical conductivity. Measurements at a river bank filtration site for a year showed that alkalinity of 116–32 mg l?1 in river water increased to 222.4–159.9 mg l?1 in the river bank filtered water. Likewise, the electrical conductivity increased from 280–131 μS cm?1 to 462–409.6 μS cm?1. This study uses a probabilistic approach for investigating the variation of alkalinity and electrical conductivity of source water that varies with the natural logarithm of the concentration of influent water. The probabilistic approach has the potential of being used in simulating the variation of alkalinity and electrical conductivity in river bank filtrate. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献