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1.
抗震设计规范中的场地设计反应谱是一般工程抗震设计的依据,各国的抗震设计规范对场地设计反应谱的规定不尽相同。主要表现在反应谱的形状和谱参数的差异。本文收集了若干国家的抗震设计规范;在总结各国抗震设计规范中关于场地设计反应谱规定的基础上,对中国、美国、日本、欧洲、土耳其和智利等有代表性的国家和地区的抗震设计规范进行分析和对比研究;总结了我国抗震设计规范场地设计反应谱的演化历史和发展过程;提出了进一步开展这一领域研究工作的若干建议,本文的工作对从事场地设计反应谱研究的科技人员有重要的参考价值。 相似文献
2.
抗震规范应用强度折减系数的现状及分析 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4
世界上大多数的抗震规范都采用了基于强度的设计方法,强度折减系数是基于强度的抗震设计中确定设计地震力的关键因素,提高强度折减系数的可靠性已经被认为是提高现有抗震规范可靠性的有效途径。本文主要介绍了抗震研究处于世界先进水平的美国(UBC97)、欧洲(EC8)、日本、墨西哥、加拿大、中国等国家抗震规范中强度折减系数取值的有关规定,然后给出了各国学者关于规范规定的强度折减系数的一些重要讨论和分析,最后指出了世界各国应用强度折减系数过程中存在的不足,指出了需进一步研究的问题。 相似文献
3.
Comparison of DSHA-based response spectrum with design response spectrum of building code of Pakistan (BCP-SP-2007) for a site in Muzaffargarh area,Pakistan 
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下载免费PDF全文 The building code of any country is considered to be a basic technical guidance document for the seismic design of structures. However, building codes are typically developed for the whole country, without considering site specific models that incorporate detailed site-specific data. Therefore, the adequacy of the design spectrum for building codes may sometimes be questionable. To study the sufficiency of the building codes of Pakistan (BCP-SP-2007), a deterministic seismic hazard analysis (DSHA) based spectrum was developed for a site in the Muzaffargarh area, Pakistan, using an updated earthquake catalogue, seismic source model, and a next generation attenuation model (NGA-WEST-2). Further, an International Building Code (IBC-2000) spectrum was developed for the study area to compare the results. The DSHA-based response spectrum resulted in a peak ground acceleration (PGA) value of 0.21 g for the Chaudwan fault. The evaluation of BCP-SP-2007 and IBC-2000 spectra provided a critical assessment for analyzing the associated margins. A comparison with the DSHA-based response spectrum showed that the BCP-SP-2007 design spectrum mostly overlapped with the DSHA spectrum unlike IBC-2000. However, special attention is needed for designing buildings in the study area when considering earthquake periods longer than 1 s, and the BCP-SP-2007 spectrum can be enhanced when considering a period range of 0.12–0.64 s. Finally, BCP-SP-2007 is based on a probabilistic approach and its comparison with deterministic results showed the significance of both methods in terms of design. 相似文献
4.
Performance-Based Seismic Design is now widely recognized as the pre-eminent seismic design and assessment methodology for
building structures. In recognition of this, seismic codes may require that buildings achieve multiple performance objectives
such as withstanding moderate, yet frequently occurring earthquakes with minimal structural and non-structural damage, while
withstanding severe, but rare earthquakes without collapse and loss of life. These objectives are presumed to be satisfied
by some codes if the force-based design procedures are followed. This paper investigates the efficacy of the Eurocode 8 force-based
design provisions with respect to RC frame building design and expected seismic performance. Four, eight, and 16-storey moment
frame buildings were designed and analyzed using the code modal response spectrum analysis provisions. Non-linear time-history
analyses were subsequently performed to determine the simulated seismic response of the structures and to validate the Eurocode
8 force-based designs. The results indicate the design of flexural members in medium-to-long period structures is not significantly
influenced by the choice of effective member stiffness; however, calculated interstorey drift demands are significantly affected.
This finding was primarily attributed to the code’s enforcement of a minimum spectral ordinate on the design spectrum. Furthermore,
design storey forces and interstorey drift demand estimates (and therefore damage), obtained by application of the code force-based
design procedure varied substantially from those found through non-linear time-history analysis. Overall, the results suggest
that though the Eurocode 8 may yield life-safe designs, the seismic performance of frame buildings of the same type and ductility
class can be highly non-uniform. 相似文献
5.
The characterisation of the seismic hazard input is a critical element of any seismic design code, not only in terms of the absolute levels of ground motion considered but also of the shape of the design spectrum. In the case of Europe, future revisions of the seismic design provisions, both at a national and a pan‐European level, may implement considerable modifications to the existing provisions in light of recent seismic hazard models, such as the 2013 European Seismic Hazard Model. Constraint of the shape of the long‐period design spectrum from seismic hazard estimates on such a scale has not been possible, however, owing to the limited spectral period range of existing ground motion models. Building upon recent developments in ground motion modelling, the 2013 European Seismic Hazard Model is adapted here with a new ground motion logic tree to provide a broadband Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Analysis for rock sites across a spectral period range from 0.05 seconds to 10.0 seconds. The resulting uniform hazard spectra (UHS) are compared against existing results for European and broadband Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Analysis and against a proposed formulation of a generalised design spectrum in which controlling parameters can be optimised to best fit the uniform hazard spectra in order to demonstrate their variability on a European scale. Significant variations in the controlling parameters of the design spectrum are seen both across and within stable and active regions. These trends can help guide recalibrations of the code spectra in future revisions to seismic design codes, particularly for the longer‐period displacement spectrum. 相似文献
6.
A multi‐level seismic vulnerability assessment of reinforced concrete moment frame buildings located in moderate seismic zones (0.25g) is performed on a set of ductile versions of low‐ to mid‐rise two‐dimensional moment frames. The study is illustrated through application to comparative trial designs of two (4‐ and 8‐story) buildings adopting both space‐ and perimeter‐framed approaches. All frames are dimensioned as per the emerging version of the seismic design code in Egypt. These new seismic provisions are in line with current European norms for seismic design of buildings. Code‐compliant designs (CCD), as well as a proposed modified code design relaxing design drift demands for the investigated buildings, are examined to test their effectiveness and reliability. Applying nonlinear inelastic incremental dynamic analyses, fragility curves (FC) for the frames are developed corresponding to various code‐specified performance levels. Code preset lower and upper bounds on design acceleration and drift, respectively, are also addressed along with their implications, if imposed, on the frames seismic performance and vulnerability. Annual spectral acceleration hazard curves for the case study frames are also generated. Estimates for mean annual frequency (MAF) of exceeding various performance levels are then computed through an integration process of the data resulting from the FC with the site hazard curves. The study demonstrates that the proposed design procedure relaxing design drift demands delivers more economic building designs relative to CCDs, yet without risking the global safety of the structure. The relaxed design technique suggested herein, even though scoring higher, as expected by intuition, MAF of exceeding various code‐limiting performance levels expressed in terms of interstory drift ratios, still guarantees a reasonably acceptable actual margin against violating code limits for such levels. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
7.
轻轨铁路站桥结构体系抗震分析与隔震研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
本文结合地处高烈度地震区的天津轻轨工程，对轻轨铁路站桥结构体系进行抗震分析，并探索减轻其地震灾害、提高其抗震能力的隔震措施。研究结果表明，按照现行有关抗震设计规范规定的反应谱值设计的站桥结构体系的抗震安全性存在不足，设计必须按工程建设场地地震危险性评价给定的反应谱值对站桥结构体系进行时程分析，才能保证轻轨铁路的抗震安全性。通过在车站建筑与高架桥梁之间的连接部位安装新近研制的SMA复合橡胶支座隔震装置，可以有效地提高轻轨铁路站桥结构体系的抗震能力。 相似文献
8.
Seismic response of Beirut (Lebanon) buildings: instrumental results from ambient vibrations 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
Christelle Salameh Bertrand Guillier Jacques Harb Cécile Cornou Pierre-Yves Bard Christophe Voisin Armand Mariscal 《Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering》2016,14(10):2705-2730
Resonance period is a key parameter in the seismic design of a structure, thus dynamic parameters of buildings in Beirut (Lebanon) were investigated based on ambient vibration method for risk and vulnerability assessment. Lebanon is facing high seismic hazard due to its major faults, combined to a high seismic risk caused by dense urbanization in addition to the lack of a seismic design code implementation. For this study, ambient vibration recordings have been performed on 330 RC buildings, period parameters extracted and statistically analyzed to identify correlations with physical building parameters (height, horizontal dimensions, age) and site characteristics (rock sites or soft sites). The study shows that (1) the building height or number of floors (N) is the primary statistically robust parameter for the estimation of the fundamental period T; (2) the correlation between T and N is linear and site dependent: T ≈ N/23 for rock sites and N/18 for soft sites; (3) the measured damping is inversely proportional to the period: the taller the building the lower is the damping; (4) a significant overestimation of the period exists in current building codes. However part of the large discrepancy with building code recommendations may be due to the very low level of loading. 相似文献
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11.
考虑到《中国地震动参数区划图》（GB 18306—2015）（中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局等,2016）,提出了双参数调整原则,即对场地地震动峰值加速度和反应谱特征周期进行同时调整,以确定设计地震动反应谱,这势必会增加结构的土建成本。因此,基于Ⅱ类场地,对抗震设防烈度7度（0.15 g）的剪力墙结构在不同场地类别下的地震动参数进行推导。采用单一控制变量法,对某12层剪力墙结构按不同抗震设防烈度和不同场地类别进行设计,使其满足规范最低标准,计算相应的钢筋和混凝土材料用量;根据现时市场定额,比较分析单一地震动参数变化时的土建成本,研究结果可为工程实践提供一定参考。 相似文献
12.
根据地勘测和地震危险性分析资料，采用波传播方法，提供了厦门市某商住大厦结构动力时程分析所需要的场地地震动输入，并根据我国建筑抗震设计规范关于地震区高层建筑抗震设计的要求，做了场地分析的初步尝试。 相似文献
13.
如何在新时期构筑建筑工程抗震设防新模式,文章从构建基础平台、加强场地类别对抗震设计规范的影响、重新对城市进行地震小区划工作、新模式的建立四个方面进行了分析和探讨,为进一步建立建筑工程抗震设防新模式提供了参考依据。 相似文献
14.
F. Braga V. Manfredi A. Masi A. Salvatori M. Vona 《Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering》2011,9(1):307-324
In Italy infills and partitions (non-structural elements) are typically made up of hollow brick masonry, disposed in one or
two parallel vertical walls. Many studies have analysed their role on the seismic behaviour of moment resisting framed RC
buildings and many seismic codes, all over the world, have provided specific additional measures for them. During the Abruzzo
seismic sequence, non-structural damage in RC buildings, both private and public, was extensive, varying from small cracks
to collapse, along with minor or no damage to structural elements. This damage involved a number of buildings, both old and
recently completed, determining heavy socio-economic consequences, including human casualties, loss of building functionality
(particularly important in case of strategic constructions), and unusable buildings. In this paper a review of the most frequent
damage patterns is performed, aimed at identifying the main causes of damage and linking them to commonly adopted construction
rules. For this purpose, local and global structural configurations frequently exhibiting non-structural damage are described,
aside from out-of-plane and in-plane failures. Furthermore, a review of code provisions on non structural elements has been
performed in the paper making reference to the most prominent current seismic codes and, finally, some design and construction
rules are suggested. 相似文献
15.
Tariq M. Nahhas 《地震工程与工程振动(英文版)》2011,10(1):99-113
This paper presents a comparison of the seismic forces generated from a Modal Response Spectrum Analysis (MRSA) by applying the provisions of two building codes, the 1997 Uniform Building Code (UBC) and the 2000-2009 International Building Code (IBC), to the most common ordinary residential buildings of standard occupancy. Considering IBC as the state of the art benchmark code, the primary concern is the safety of buildings designed using the UBC as compared to those designed using the IBC. A sample of four buildings with different layouts and heights was used for this comparison. Each of these buildings was assumed to be located at four different geographical sample locations arbitrarily selected to represent various earthquake zones on a seismic map of the USA, and was subjected to code-compliant response spectrum analyses for all sample locations and for five different soil types at each location. Response spectrum analysis was performed using the ETABS software package. For all the cases investigated, the UBC was found to be significantly more conservative than the IBC. The UBC design response spectra have higher spectral accelerations, and as a result, the response spectrum analysis provided a much higher base shear and moment in the structural members as compared to the IBC. The conclusion is that ordinary office and residential buildings designed using UBC 1997 are considered to be overdesigned, and therefore they are quite safe even according to the IBC provisions. 相似文献
16.
Seismic safety of low ductility structures used in Spain 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The most important aspects of the design, seismic damage evaluation and safety assessment of structures with low ductility
like waffle slabs buildings or flat beams framed buildings are examined in this work. These reinforced concrete structural
typologies are the most used in Spain for new buildings but many seismic codes do not recommend them in seismic areas. Their
expected seismic performance and safety are evaluated herein by means of incremental non linear structural analysis (pushover
analysis) and incremental dynamic analysis which provides capacity curves allowing evaluating their seismic behavior. The
seismic hazard is described by means of the reduced 5% damped elastic response spectrum of the Spanish seismic design code.
The most important results of the study are the fragility curves calculated for the mentioned building types, which allow
obtaining the probability of different damage states of the structures as well as damage probability matrices. The results,
which show high vulnerability of the studied low ductility building classes, are compared with those corresponding to ductile
framed structures. 相似文献
17.
In performance-based seismic design, as adopted by several building codes worldwide, the structural performance is verified against ground motions that have predetermined exceedance return periods at the site of interest. Such a return period is evaluated by means of probabilistic seismic hazard analysis (PSHA), and the corresponding ground motion is often represented by the uniform hazard spectrum (UHS). The structural performance for ground motions larger than those considered in this design approach is, typically, not explicitly controlled under the assumption that they are sufficiently rare. On one hand, this does not achieve uniform safety at sites characterized by different design ground motions corresponding to the same return period; on the other hand, exceedances of the design spectra are systematically observed over large areas, for example in Italy. The latter issue is because of the nature of UHS, the exceedance of which is likely-to-almost-certain when the construction site is in the epicentral area of moderate-to-high magnitude earthquakes (ie, the design spectrum may be not conservative at these locations), especially if PSHA is based on seismic source zones. The former is partially because of the systematic difference of ground motions for return periods larger than the design one at the different sites. Quantification of the expected ground motion given the exceedance of the design ground motions (ie, the recently introduced as the expected peak-over-threshold or POT) can be of help in quantitatively assessing these issues. In the study, a procedure to compute the POT distribution is derived first; second, POT spectra are introduced and used to help understanding why and how seismic structural reliability of code-conforming structures decreases as the seismic hazard of the site increases; third, expected and 95th percentile POT maps are shown for Italy to discuss how much high hazard sites are exposed to much larger peak-over-threshold with respect to mid-hazard and low-hazard sites; finally the POT is discussed with respect to the slope of the hazard curve (in log-log scale) at the threshold, a known proxy for ground motion beyond design. All data presented in the maps are made available for the interested reader as a supplemental archive. 相似文献
18.
渤海某油田设计地震动参数及抗震设防标准研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
渤海某油田为中国和美国合作开发,其平台结构按美国石油协会API RP2A规范进行抗震设计,该规范与我国的有关技术规范GB17503-1998存在一定的差别。本文依据油田及邻区的地震构造、地震活动特征的研究结果,以及场地的钻探资料、土动力参数测试结果,按美国和我国技术规范的要求,确定不同抗震标准下的设计地震动参数。详细分析了海底场地土特征及其对设计地震动参数的影响,比较了不同抗震标准下的地震动参数,并进行可行性论证。该研究成果已用于实际的工程设计中。 相似文献
19.
Iunio Iervolino Carmine Galasso Edoardo Cosenza 《Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering》2010,8(2):339-362
In code-based seismic design and assessment it is often allowed the use of real records as an input for nonlinear dynamic
analysis. On the other hand, international seismic guidelines, concerning this issue, have been found hardly applicable by
practitioners. This is related to both the difficulty in rationally relating the ground motions to the hazard at the site
and the required selection criteria, which do not favor the use of real records, but rather various types of spectrum matching
signals. To overcome some of these obstacles a software tool for code-based real records selection was developed. REXEL, freely
available at the website of the Italian network of earthquake engineering university labs (), allows to search for suites of waveforms, currently from the European Strong-motion Database, compatible to reference spectra
being either user-defined or automatically generated according to Eurocode 8 and the recently released new Italian seismic
code. The selection reflects the provisions of the considered codes and others found to be important by recent research on
the topic. In the paper, record selection criteria are briefly reviewed first, and then the algorithms implemented in the
software are discussed. Finally, via some examples, it is shown how REXEL can effectively be a contribution to code-based
real records selection for seismic structural analysis. 相似文献
20.
Influence of the nonlinear behavior of viscous dampers on the seismic demand hazard of building frames 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 This paper analyzes the influence of damper properties on the probabilistic seismic performance of building frames equipped with viscous dampers. In particular, a probabilistic methodology is employed to evaluate the influence of the damper nonlinearity, measured by the damper exponent, on the performance of structural and nonstructural components of building frames, as described by the response hazard curves of the relevant engineering demand parameters. The performance variations due to changes in the damper nonlinearity level are evaluated and highlighted by considering two realistic design scenarios and by comparing the results of a set of cases involving dampers with different exponents designed to provide the same deterministic performance. By this way, it is possible to evaluate the influence of the nonlinear response and of its dispersion on the demand hazard. It is shown that the damper nonlinearity level strongly affects the seismic performance and different trends are observed for the demand parameters of interest. A comparison with code provisions shows that further investigation is necessary to provide more reliable design formulas accounting for the damping nonlinearity level. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献