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青藏块体东北缘断层形变综合指标异常与岷县漳县6.6级等强震关系 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用截至2013年底青藏块体东北缘的跨断层短水准流动观测资料,基于灰色关联度计算,提炼了祁连山—海原—六盘山、西秦岭主要构造断裂及分段的正逆断垂向活动综合指标,对强震尤其是2013年甘肃岷县漳县6.6级震前中短期异常,及与周边大震孕育—发生或影响的可能关系进行了研究。结果表明:(1)6级左右地震前相关构造及其附近中短期异常明显;综合指标对与周边8级特大地震孕育—发生可能存在一定关联、大尺度区域构造应力场的变化也有一定程度反映。(2)2013年甘肃岷县漳县6.6级震前西秦岭构造北—西部至六盘山断裂综合指标异常显著且集中,发震的西秦岭构造短期变化幅度较大。 相似文献
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通过对2013甘肃岷县漳县交界发生MS6.6强震的发震构造区在地震前后跨断层形变研究发现:四店、麻界滩和毛羽沟场在震前出现形变异常,3个场地临震单期形变是往期平均值的2～7倍;3个场地震前形变异常持续时间不超过4个月,震后4个月除毛羽沟场地外其余场地基本恢复到往期平均水平;四店场地临震形变△V(5.5 mm)约是麻界滩和毛羽沟的2倍,产生这种形变差异的原因可能是由于岷县地震主要动力来源是西秦岭北缘断裂的活动产生,因此主断裂上的形变异常大于分支断裂;临潭—宕昌断裂具有差异性活动特征,断裂中东段活动性强于西段,岷县漳县地震的复发周期约为(220±40)a,震级为6～6.6级. 相似文献
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利用青藏高原东北缘2011-2013年期间的流动重力观测资料,系统分析了区域重力场动态变化及其与2013年7月22 H岷县漳县6.6级地震发生的关系.结果表明:1)测区内重力场异常变化与主要断裂带在空间上关系密切,反映沿主要断裂带(段)在2011-2013年期间发生了引起地表重力变化效应的构造活动或变形.2)岷县漳县6.6级地震前,测区内先出现了较大空间范围的区域性重力异常,后在震源区附近产生了局部重力异常及重力变化高梯度带,其中,甘肃临夏与岷县一带重力差异变化达150×10 8ms-2以上;这些可能反映岷县漳县地震前,区域及震源区附近均产生与该地震孕育、发生有关的构造运动或应力增强作用.3)重力场1a尺度动态变化图像和差分动态演化图像均反映岷县漳县6.6级地震孕育过程的最后2a出现较显著的流动重力异常变化,地震发生在NE向重力变化高梯度带上、重力变化零值线附近和等值线的拐弯部位.4)基于流动重力异常变化在岷县漳县6.6级地震前做过一定程度的中期预测,尤其是地点判定. 相似文献
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2013年岷县漳县6.6级地震前甘肃天水花牛的水氡出现了与汶川8.0级地震极为相似的异常变化并在震前已被重点跟踪.为了对花牛水氡2013年出现的异常与岷县漳县地震的关系给出合理的判断,本文分析了花牛水氡正常的趋势背景和年变化形态,给出了正常背景和异常变化的判别指标;分析了花牛水氡的主要影响因素,认为气温是花牛水氡出现年变的主要因素,日降雨量达到一定量级才能引起水氡的短暂变化;着重从水氡测值的可靠性、影响因素的不一致性、多学科前兆变化的协调性、异常的重现性、异常与岷县地震的时空相关性等方面对2013年4月以来的异常进行了详细的分析和论证.研究结果可以判定,2013年4月以来天水花牛水氡出现的异常作为岷县漳县6.6级地震的异常是可信并可靠的. 相似文献
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为了清晰认识岷县漳县6.6级地震的发震构造环境和区域地貌特征,本文利用DEM（数字高程模型）数据分析了甘东南地区的地形地貌基本特征,结合区域活动断裂分布及其运动学特征讨论了岷县漳县6.6级地震所处在的青藏高原东北缘的区域构造环境和地壳运动学特征,研究了甘肃东南部的基本构造环境、发震断裂的断裂活动性及孕震过程等基本发震条件.主要利用地形剖面方法分析了通过地震震源区的地貌特征,反映出区域地形地貌特征与发震构造的关系,从地貌学角度探讨了区域中上地壳变形特征及孕震过程.最后讨论了区域发震构造、地球动力学背景,通过地形剖面及区域地貌分析了岷县漳县6.6级地震发震构造特点,认为此次地震可能与汶川地震的同震及震后变形过程相关. 相似文献
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针对青藏块体东北缘跨断层监测区及周边发生的5.8级以上地震, 结合以往研究结果, 对跨断层资料进行了重新梳理, 重点分析了1995年永登5.8级、 2000年景泰5.9级、 2003年民乐—山丹6.1级和2013年岷县漳县6.6级地震前出现的跨断层形变异常。 结果表明: 这4次典型地震前出现的跨断层异常数量较多, 为13~23项不等; 分布范围较广, 震中距在600 km范围内, 相对集中出现在300 km左右范围内, 也有近震区异常; 异常特征以逆断加速、 趋势转折、 活动加剧、 突跳、 大幅变化等为主; 震前2~3年或稍长时间开始出现异常, 震前半年至1年半时段异常集中出现, 具有中期背景或短期前兆意义, 异常空间分布有向震中区汇聚迁移的特征。 相似文献
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基于青藏高原东北缘地区跨断层短水准资料, 采用形变异常强度、 断层合成速率和断层形变趋势累积等多种研究方法, 利用“点-线-面”相结合的研究思路, 全面分析了2013年岷县漳县MS6.6地震前的应变背景、 断层活动和短期形变特征。 结果显示: ① 该地震处于垂直形变累积率的高值区, 应变积累程度较高; ② 断裂带之间存在显著的运动差异, 发震断裂震前中短期运动速率显著增强, 并造成区域运动的不均衡, 西秦岭局部地区应变积累增加; ③ 随着强震的逼近, 震前显著异常场地分布明显向近震区迁移和集中, 且异常强度也随之增大。 以上结果对强震发生危险地点和发生时间有短期指示意义, 因此, “点-线-面”相结合的研究方法有利于认识地震前兆信息, 对地震孕育背景判定及地震危险性分析具有重要意义。 相似文献
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《地震地磁观测与研究》2015,(5)
对宕昌地震台洞体应变观测资料异常变化进行分析,认为EW分量记录到岷县—漳县6.6级地震地形变过程,即震间形变→震前形变(包括加速变化期和失稳期)→同震形变→震后形变(包括震后滑动和震后调整)→震间形变。长时间的震后滑动记录在中国较为少见,此观测资料为地震孕育过程的研究提供了宝贵资料。 相似文献
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基于2013年岷县漳县M6.6地震震源区及其邻区1999年以来的GPS观测资料,通过应变率动态特征分析、多期次GPS剖面分析和基线变形速率的分析讨论了地震的震前变形特征.GPS速度场和块体应变率表明,汶川地震的发生导致了柴达木地块运动与变形状态发生明显调整,但由于西秦岭北缘等深大断裂的存在,岷-秦地块对其响应不明显;GPS连续应变率显示,在汶川地震引起的区域地壳变形调整过程中岷县漳县地震震源区附近的应变积累速率有减缓的迹象;GPS剖面显示,平行于岷县漳县主破裂带的运动分量对汶川地震响应显著,汶川震后表现为剪切变形速率的增强,而垂直于主破裂带的运动分量则对汶川地震响应不明显;震中周边GPS基线变形速率表明,基线伸缩变化率总体呈现NW向拉张、NE向压缩状态,且拉张量明显小于压缩量.上述地壳变形动态特征表明西秦岭北缘断裂及其附近地区的应变积累水平和断层闭锁程度可能处于较高水平,在岷县漳县地震前该区表现出局部“硬化”迹象. 相似文献
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Based on the mobile gravity observation data in 2014-2016 in Guangxi and its adjacent areas, this paper systematically analyzed the changes of regional gravity field and its relation to the MS5.4 Cangwu, Guangxi earthquake on July 31, 2016, and combined with GPS observation data and seismic geological survey results, discussed the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of the changes of regional gravity field and its mechanism. The results show that:(1) Before and after the MS5.4 Cangwu earthquake, the gravity anomaly changes near the earthquake area were closely related to the major faults in space, which reflects the crustal deformation and tectonic activities that caused the surface gravity change along the seismogenic fault in the period of 2014-2016; (2) The gravity changes near the epicenter before and after the MS5.4 Cangwu earthquake showed an evolution process in which the positive gravity anomaly zone changed to the negative gravity anomaly zone, a gravity gradient belt appeared along NNE direction and the earthquake occurred in its reverse change process; (3) The epicenter of the MS5.4 Cangwu earthquake located both near the gravity gradient belt and in the zero transition zone of the surface strain gradient and the edge of the high maximum shear strain rate area, the observational fact further proved that the dynamic image of gravitational field and deformation field have important instruction significance to the location prediction of strong earthquakes; (4) in recent years, the gravity dynamic change in northwestern Guangxi presented a four-quadrant distribution pattern, and there is the risk of generating earthquake of magnitude about 5 in the center of the quadrants. 相似文献
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初步研究了2000年6月6日甘肃景泰5.9级地震蕴育过程中近源区及外围地区断层形变异常的时空分布特征:震前断层形变异常分布范围广、异常形态复杂，断层形变（应变）类信息指标图象异常区明显．不同地域断层形变异常形态及幅度存在显著差异，与异常所处的构造部位密切相关:海原断裂带西段出现的，，相断层形变异常，显示了近源区断层运动由准线性走向非线性的过程，与断层形变（应变）类信息指标高值异常区相配合，反映蕴震区应变积累程度高；而构造汇聚部位的六盘山断裂带等远场区较大幅度的突跳尖点异常，并不反映所在地的应变积累，而可能是蕴震过程区域构造应力场增强的一个标志．在此基础上，结合对景泰5.9级地震中短期预报经验教训的初步总结，研究和探讨了断层形变异常在震情判定中的应用． 相似文献
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为了研究与总结2008年5月12日汶川8.0级地震前GPS与跨断层资料反映的龙门山断裂带及其周边地区的运动、构造变形、应变积累演化过程,以及汶川地震临震阶段可能的物理机制,本文综合1999~2007期GPS速度场、1999~2008年大尺度GPS基线时间序列、1985~2008年跨断层短水准等资料进行了相关分析与讨论。结果表明:(1)GPS速度剖面结果显示,宽达500km的川西高原在震前有明显的连续变形,而四川盆地一侧和跨龙门山断裂带基本没有变形趋势,表明震前川西高原在持续不断地为已经处于闭锁状态的龙门山断裂带提供能量积累。(2)GPS应变率结果显示,震前龙门山断裂带中北段的NW侧EW向挤压变形明显,变形幅度从远离断裂带较大到靠近断裂带逐渐减小,而断裂带变形微弱;龙门山断裂带西南段周边形成了显著的EW向挤压应变集中区,应变积累速率明显大于中北段。(3)断层闭锁程度反演结果显示,除了汶川地震的震源位置闭锁相对较弱,且西南段有大概20km宽度断层在12~22.5km深度为蠕滑状态以外,震前整条龙门山断裂基本处于强闭锁状态。(4)大尺度GPS基线结果显示,跨南北地震带区域的NE向基线从2005年开始普遍出现压缩转折,反映NE向地壳缩短的相对运动增强。(5)跨断层短水准场地结果显示,震前年均垂直变化速率和形变累积率很低,表明断层近场垂向活动很弱、闭锁较强。通过以上分析认为,在相对小尺度的地壳变形中,震前龙门山断裂带深浅部均处于强闭锁状态,断裂带水平与垂直变形都很微弱,这可能经历了一个缓慢的过程,而且越是临近地震的发生,微弱变形的范围可能越大;在相对大尺度的地壳变形中,震前龙门山断裂带西侧的巴颜喀拉块体东部地区经历了地壳缓慢且持续的缩短挤压变形,为龙门山断裂带应变积累持续提供了动力支持。 相似文献
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THE COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS AND RESEARCH OF RECENT GRAVITY AND CRUSTAL DEFORMATION IN NORTHEASTERN EDGE OF THE TIBETAN PLATEAU 
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下载免费PDF全文 ZHU Yi-qing LIANG Wei-feng HAO Ming ZHAO Ling-qiang HAO Qing-hua ZHANG Guo-qing LIU Lian 《地震地质》2017,39(4):768-780
In this study, we systematically analyzed the relationship between regional gravity changes, 3D crustal deformation, regional tectonic environment and strong earthquakes based on the relative gravity measurements(2011-2014), GPS data and the background vertical deformation from the leveling measurements conducted from 1970 to 2011. Subsequently, we further characterized the temporal-spatial patterns and discussed the mechanism of regional gravity changes and the crustal deformation. The results can be summarized as follows:1)The regional gravity changes, the GPS-derived horizontal deformation and the vertical deformational obtained from leveling data showed a close spatial relationship:The gravity increased along with the direction of horizontal movement, and the gravity decreased with the crustal uplift and vice versa, which reflects the inherited characteristics of neotectonic activities. 2)The crustal deformation was closely related to the active faults. The contour lines of gravity changes and vertical deformation were generally along with the Qilian-Haiyuan Fault(the strike is NWW), and the crustal horizontal deformation showed left-lateral strike slip motion near the Qilian-Haiyuan Fault. 3)The strong earthquakes usually occur in the active faults where intensive gravity change and vertical and/or horizontal deformation occurred. The extrusion deformation, surface compression rate and gravity changes were obvious near the epicenter of 2016 Menyuan earthquake. The 2013 Minxian-Zhangxian MS6.6 earthquake occurred in the direction-turning area of intense gravity gradient zone and the transitional area of surface compression and vertical deformation. The first author of this paper has made a medium-term forecast before the Minxian and Menyuan earthquakes, especially the location of the earthquake. Based on the above understandings, we emphasized that:there are still possibilities of strong or huge earthquakes within medium-long term in the areas of crustal deformation anomalies in the study region. 相似文献
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Fault deformation anomaly and intermediate and short-term prediction of the Jingtai M_s=5.9 earthquake 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
IntroductionOn June 6, 2000, an earthquake of MS=5.9 occurred in Jingtai county, Gansu Province. The epicenter (37.1(N, 104.0(E) was located in Maomaoshan-Laohushan zone of the western segment of Liupanshan-Haiyuan fault along the northeastern margin of Qinghai-Xizang Plateau, where is the middle-eastern part of crustal deformation monitoring area of Gansu-Ningxia- Qinghai region. There are more than 50 spanning-fault mobile monitoring sites in the earthquake area and its vicinity (Fig… 相似文献
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本文基于EGM2008重力场模型研究了青藏高原东南缘均衡重力异常和多尺度的布格重力异常特征, 以鲁甸和景谷地震为例, 认识其深部构造环境和动力学过程, 为该区域的构造运动和地震孕育环境研究提供依据。 结果表明, 研究区布格重力异常和均衡重力异常与地质构造格局相关性较好, 川滇地块剧烈的区域布格重力异常和非均衡状态与其强烈的地壳变形、 断裂及地震活动密切相关。 强震多分布在断裂带两侧重力异常的过渡地带和高梯度带, 断裂带两侧横向和垂向的显著介质密度差异是强震孕育的深部构造背景。 布格重力异常和均衡重力异常揭示的鲁甸、 景谷震源区深浅差异性的重力异常特征, 暗示鲁甸和景谷地震孕震环境的不同。 相似文献
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Based on GPS velocity during 1999-2007, GPS baseline time series on large scale during 1999-2008 and cross-fault leveling data during 1985-2008, the paper makes some analysis and discussion to study and summarize the movement, tectonic deformation and strain accumulation evolution characteristics of the Longmenshan fault and the surrounding area before the MS8.0 Wenchuan earthquake, as well as the possible physical mechanism late in the seismic cycle of the Wenchuan earthquake. Multiple results indicate that:GPS velocity profiles show that obvious continuous deformation across the eastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau before the earthquake was distributed across a zone at least 500km wide, while there was little deformation in Sichuan Basin and Longmenshan fault zone, which means that the eastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau provides energy accumulation for locked Longmenshan fault zone continuously. GPS strain rates show that the east-west compression deformation was larger in the northwest of the mid-northern segment of the Longmenshan fault zone, and deformation amplitude decreased gradually from far field to near fault zone, and there was little deformation in fault zone. The east-west compression deformation was significant surrounding the southwestern segment of the Longmenshan fault zone, and strain accumulation rate was larger than that of mid-northern segment. Fault locking indicates nearly whole Longmenshan fault was locked before the earthquake except the source of the earthquake which was weakly locked, and a 20km width patch in southwestern segment between 12km to 22.5km depth was in creeping state. GPS baseline time series in northeast direction on large scale became compressive generally from 2005 in the North-South Seismic Belt, which reflects that relative compression deformation enhances. The cross-fault leveling data show that annual vertical change rate and deformation trend accumulation rate in the Longmenshan fault zone were little, which indicates that vertical activity near the fault was very weak and the fault was tightly locked. According to analyses of GPS and cross-fault leveling data before the Wenchuan earthquake, we consider that the Longmenshan fault is tightly locked from the surface to the deep, and the horizontal and vertical deformation are weak surrounding the fault in relatively small-scale crustal deformation. The process of weak deformation may be slow, and weak deformation area may be larger when large earthquake is coming. Continuous and slow compression deformation across eastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau before the earthquake provides dynamic support for strain accumulation in the Longmenshan fault zone in relative large-scale crustal deformation. 相似文献
19.
昆仑山口西8.1级地震前后地壳垂直运动的负位错模型 总被引：9，自引：2，他引：7
利用昆仑山口西8．1级地震震区外围格尔木一五道梁300km长水准测线在1979,1991和2002年3期垂直形变资料,借助研究改进的负位错模型获取发震构造及其相关断裂的运动、变形特征及应力应变积累部位和强度,对与此次大震有关的区域构造形变背景及可能的震后影响进行了研究。结果表明：1991～2002年相对1979～1991年垂直差异运动及应变积累加速增强的特征与昆仑山口西8．1级地震孕育有关;且这样的一个地壳垂直运动加速过程可能还未因地震发生而结束,发震构造相关的断裂构造部位仍有发生较强地震的可能。 相似文献
20.
为了获取云南地区现今地壳形变和断层活动特征,收集了云南地区1992—2016年的2期精密水准观测资料,采用基于GNSS连续站垂直形变资料约束的平差方法,对区域整体地壳垂直形变特征进行了分析,结果显示滇西北区域地壳整体表现为隆升,垂向速率为2—3mm/a,滇南区域显示地壳沉降速率为-1—-2mm/a,并在下关—永胜和思茅—景谷一带存在地壳形变高梯度带。收集了该地区30多年的跨断层场地观测资料,计算了所跨断层的三维活动量,得出了断层现今活动状态和异常特征,认为滇西北和滇中南地区的场地多数表现出异常活动的现象,其中楚雄、剑川和永胜的监测断层现今表现出与地质背景相反的走滑和拉张特征,峨山、建水和通海场地所处断层在张压性质上与地质背景相反。结合区域水准和跨断层观测分析结果,从“面”和“线”上得出滇西北和滇中南地区存在地壳形变和断层活动异常,构造应力积累较高的结果,加之缺震背景显著,认为应关注该区域中强地震的危险性。 相似文献