共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 140 毫秒
1.
火成岩岩性特殊,储层非均质性非常严重,裂缝、孔洞发育,属于典型的多重孔隙介质储层,定量计算火成岩储层基质和裂缝的孔隙度和饱和度是评价火成岩油气层的关键。由基质、天然裂缝和非连通孔洞组成的储层可以模拟成基质和裂缝的并联导电网络,非连通孔洞和基质／裂缝的组合的串联导电网络。采用密度测井资料求取总孔隙度,用深浅双侧向电阻率计算裂缝孔隙度,采用密闭取心分析的孔隙度作为基质孔隙度。通过建立以基质、天然裂缝和非连通孔洞组成的储层的三重孔隙解释模型,找到适合于火成岩缝洞型复杂储层的饱和度方程。将三重孔隙解释模型应用于松辽盆地北部火成岩储层,计算的含水饱和度平均相对误差由16．85％降低至12．42％,精度明显提高,为火成岩储层评价、储量计算与地质建模提供了定量参数。 相似文献
2.
《地球物理学进展》2017,(5)
针对花岗岩储层非均质性特点,采用了三重孔隙结构解释模型对其进行解释评价.该模型的储集空间包括基质、裂缝和孔洞三部分,随着储集空间的变化,可将该模型转化为孔隙型储层解释模型、孔洞型储层解释模型和裂缝型储层解释模型,这样就可适应多种储层性质的解释需要.由此利用常规测井资料计算了花岗岩储层的总孔隙度、基质孔隙度、孔洞孔隙度和裂缝孔隙度,利用岩心和电成像测井对裂缝孔隙度和孔洞孔隙度的计算结果进行标定和验证,并根据这些参数划分储层类型,计算含油气饱和度,划分油气水层.含油气饱和度的计算是采用反映储层孔隙结构变化的孔隙结构指数变m值,使阿尔奇公式适用于非均质花岗岩储层含油气饱和度的计算.应用上述测井解释方法,对目标井进行精细处理解释和综合评价,取得了很好的应用效果. 相似文献
3.
碳酸盐岩储层非均质性强、储集空间类型复杂多样,储层中流体性质的识别及有效厚度的划分比较困难,为了完成碳酸盐岩储层的常规测井评价,根据碳酸盐岩储层地质特征,将储层分为三种类型:1)裂缝+孔隙型储层,其孔隙度大于3.5%,其裂缝为规模较大的构造缝,其次是一些宏观裂缝,是碳酸盐岩储层中最好的储层;2)微裂缝+孔隙型储层,其孔隙度大于3.5%,其裂缝主要为储层微观孔、缝以及孔洞.3)裂缝层,其孔隙度小于3.5%,裂缝较发育,基质孔隙度和储层含油饱和度很小,接近于零,为裂缝层.基于以上三种类型的储层来建立测井地质评价模型,由于碳酸盐岩储层是典型的双重介质模型,分别建立两类孔隙空间的几何模型及流体模型,分别建立三种储层的空间几何模型和流体分布模型,每种模型又分为裂缝系统和岩块孔隙系统,在此基础上总结各种测井曲线的响应特征,分别给出储层参数计算的数理模型,基质岩块和裂缝孔隙度、渗透率和储层油气水饱和度,对裂缝的张开度也进行了定量计算,给出了储层流体性质及有效厚度的划分标准,最终完成碳酸盐岩的常规测井评价. 相似文献
4.
裂缝性储层孔隙指数、饱和度及裂缝孔隙度计算研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
裂缝性储层的裂缝孔隙度、饱和度和孔隙指数等参数的计算一直是测井界亟待解决的难题,它直接关系到对裂缝性储层的发育程度、含油气性、储量规模等方面的评价,前人已在这些方面做了大量的研究工作,但仍需进一步提高和深化对裂缝性储层参数计算的认识.基于考虑裂缝倾角和裂缝曲折度问题的Aguilera孔隙指数计算模型,研究了裂缝性储层孔隙指数的变化规律,研究表明裂缝性地层的孔隙指数受裂缝倾角、岩石总孔隙度、裂缝孔隙度和裂缝曲折度影响大.单组系裂缝性储层饱和度的计算采用将复合系统的孔隙指数代入阿尔奇公式的方法来计算,计算结果与目前国内仍广泛使用的基于串、并联关系建立的双重孔隙饱和度模型计算结果存在较大差别.对比分析了利用成像测井和三种基于双侧向资料的裂缝孔隙度计算模型计算的裂缝孔隙度,表明不同裂缝孔隙度模型计算的裂缝孔隙度大小差别较大.基于双侧向的裂缝孔隙度计算模型只适用于特低孔或致密地层,在由非裂缝因素引起的电阻率降低段使用该模型计算裂缝孔隙度时会出现错误,引入校正系数可拓宽模型的使用范围. 相似文献
5.
碳酸盐岩孔隙结构类型复杂多样,当地震波经过含有不同孔隙结构的流体饱和岩石后往往会产生不同的波频散和衰减特征,这使得根据波的不同响应特征来推断碳酸盐岩的孔隙结构类型,甚至孔隙流体性质信息成为可能.本文针对白云岩、灰岩以及人工碳酸盐岩样品开展了跨频段（超声+低频）实验测量和理论建模,探索碳酸盐岩的孔隙结构类型和孔隙流体对模量频散和衰减的影响机制.首先根据铸体薄片、扫描电镜的图像对碳酸盐岩样品进行了孔隙结构类型分析,并将样品主要分为裂缝型、裂缝-孔隙型、孔洞型三类,然后测量了相应样品完全饱和流体后在不同围压下的模量频散与衰减.在完全饱和甘油并处于低围压时,裂缝型与孔洞型样品均出现一个衰减峰,分别位于1 Hz与100 Hz附近,而裂缝-孔隙型样品则具有两个衰减峰,一个在1 Hz附近,另一个在100 Hz附近.裂缝型样品（裂缝主导）的衰减峰相比孔洞型样品（中等刚度孔隙主导）对应的衰减峰在低围压下幅度更大,且对围压变化更敏感.在测量数据的基础上,建立了考虑纵横比分布的软孔隙和中等刚度孔隙的喷射流模型,认为该模型能一定程度上解释裂缝型、裂缝-孔隙型、孔洞型三种类型碳酸盐岩在测量频带的频散.以上研究加深了对不同孔隙类型主导的碳酸盐岩储层地震响应特征的认识,对储层预测工作的进一步精细化具有重要意义. 相似文献
6.
塔河油田碳酸盐岩缝洞型储层的测井识别与评价方法研究 总被引：12，自引：4，他引：12
塔河油田奥陶系以碳酸盐岩为主，油气的主要储渗空间为裂缝和溶蚀孔洞，具有很强的非均质性．本文利用常规及成像测井资料，对碳酸盐岩缝洞型储层的识别与评价方法进行研究．为了综合各种测井方法识别裂缝，建立了综合裂缝概率模型，计算综合裂缝概率指示裂缝的发育程度．利用地层微电阻率扫描成像测井资料进行裂缝和溶蚀孔洞的定性、定量解释．定量计算的裂缝参数为：裂缝密度、裂缝长度、裂缝平均宽度、平均水动力宽度、裂缝视孔隙度；定量计算的溶蚀孔洞参数有：面孔率、孔洞密度．根据缝洞型储层孔隙空间类型及其中子孔隙度、补偿密度、声波、双侧向电阻率的测井响应物性特征，建立缝洞型碳酸盐岩储层复杂孔隙介质解释模型，用于确定裂缝、溶蚀孔洞孔隙度和评价储层． 相似文献
7.
裂缝诱导HTI双孔隙介质模型是将一组垂直排列的裂缝系统嵌入到统计各向同性的孔隙岩石基质系统中而建立的.为了研究裂缝参数对地震波在该模型中传播规律的影响,本文分别对裂缝弱度、裂缝孔隙度和裂缝渗透率这三个主要的裂缝参数进行了分析研究.数值结果表明,裂缝诱导HTI双孔隙介质中,裂缝弱度越大,介质的各向异性强度越强;与基质孔隙系统相比,裂缝系统孔隙度对介质等效孔隙度的影响很小,而裂缝系统渗透率的增大则将显著提高介质在裂缝发育方向上的等效渗透率,这符合对裂缝系统"低孔"、"高渗"特性的认识.此外,裂缝系统渗透率的增大也使慢纵波的振幅显著增强. 相似文献
8.
含裂缝多孔介质渗透率预测是非常规油气资源勘探开发的一个紧迫问题.现有多孔介质岩石物理模型通常利用圆形孔管模拟宏观岩石孔隙空间,难以定量描述软孔隙/裂缝在压力作用下的闭合情况,缺乏裂缝/孔隙间流量交换的连通机制.本文提出含三维裂缝/软孔隙网络多孔介质模型,将储层岩石裂缝/软孔隙表示为椭圆截面微管,建立了周期性压力作用下微观裂缝流量表达式,通过网络模型和流量守恒条件,得到含有三维裂缝/软孔隙网络的多孔介质渗透率计算方法.数值算例表明,预测结果与实验数据分布范围吻合很好,能够给出不同类型岩心对应孔隙纵横比的分布图.三维裂缝/软孔隙网络模型建立了宏观可观测量与裂缝参数之间关系,能够定量分析岩石渗透率随裂缝体密度、纵横比、孔隙流体类型和围压等因素的变化规律,为复杂条件下储层渗透率预测提供了一种有效方法. 相似文献
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10.
一种评价致密砂岩储层孔隙结构的新方法及其应用(英文) 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
致密砂岩储层的孔隙结构对其渗透性和电性影响显著,是此类复杂储层岩石物理研究的关键。针对仅从连通喉道半径评价渗透率的多解性以及储层孔隙结构与电性关系研究欠缺等不足,综合影响物性的主要因素,提出了一种同时考虑孔隙度、最大连通喉道半径及分选性三种因素的新型孔隙结构参数δ的计算公式。利用岩心及实测数据对比分析表明,δ值能够较连通喉道半径等传统方法更精确地刻画致密砂岩储层渗透性,同时它与储层电性具有密切关系,可用于估算地层因素F和胶结指数m。据此提出将孔隙结构对电阻率的影响进行归一化校正以及基于核磁共振测井预测储层完全含水电阻率R0的评价方法,从而突出储层流体性质变化引起的电性变化,并提供了一种新的致密砂岩储层流体识别思路,研究结果得到了实验资料和实际测井试油资料的验证。 相似文献
11.
Ren-Shi Nie Ying-Feng Meng Yong-Lu Jia Jian-Lin Shang Yong Wang Jian-Guo Li 《Acta Geophysica》2012,60(1):232-259
The paper deals with unsteady inter-porosity flow modeling of underground fluid in a multiple media reservoir. Assuming spherical
vugs, symmetrically distributed pressure, negligible inter-porosity flow between matrix and vug systems and centrifugal flow
of the fluid from matrix blocks or vugs to fractures, and treating media directly connected with wellbore as the fracture
system, we establish and solve a model of unsteady inter-porosity flow for dual and triple porosity media reservoirs. We provide
simulated graphs of pressure and pressure derivative log-log type curves, and analyze the transient flow process and characteristics
of type curves affected by different parameters. The new type curves of unsteady inter-porosity flow modeling are evidently
different in shape and characteristics from those of pseudo-steady inter-porosity flow modeling. The location of dimensionless
pressure of unsteady inter-porosity is lower than that of pseudo-steady inter-porosity, which indicates that unsteady inter-porosity
flow accelerates an energy supplement during production. Qualitatively, the unsteady inter-porosity flow modeling reduces
the classical V-shaped response. We also estimated parameters from well test data in real applications using this model. 相似文献
12.
Carbonate reservoir is one of the important reservoirs in the world. Because of the characteristics of carbonate reservoir, horizontal well has become a key technology for efficiently developing carbonate reservoir. Establishing corresponding mathematical models and analyzing transient pressure behaviors of this type of well-reservoir configuration can provide a better understanding of fluid flow patterns in formation as well as estimations of important parameters. A mathematical model for a oil–water two-phase flow horizontal well in triple media carbonate reservoir by conceptualizing vugs as spherical shapes are presented in this article. A semi-analytical solution is obtained in the Laplace domain using source function theory, Laplace transformation, and superposition principle. Analysis of transient pressure responses indicates that seven characteristic flow periods of horizontal well in triple media carbonate reservoir can be identified. Parametric analysis shows that water saturation of matrix, vug and fracture system, horizontal section length, and horizontal well position can significantly influence the transient pressure responses of horizontal well in triple media carbonate reservoir. The model presented in this article can be applied to obtain important parameters pertinent to reservoir by type curve matching. 相似文献
13.
The porosity origin of dolostone reservoirs in the Tarim,Sichuan and Ordos basins and its implication to reservoir prediction 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
WenZhi Zhao AnJiang Shen JianFeng Zheng ZhanFeng Qiao XiaoFang Wang JunMing Lu 《中国科学:地球科学(英文版)》2014,57(10):2498-2511
Origin of dolostone remained a controversial subject, although numerous dolomitization models had been proposed to date. Because of the dolomitization’s potential to be hydrocarbon reservoirs, one debatable issue was the role of dolomitization in porosity construction or destruction. Based upon case studies of dolostone reservoirs in various geological settings such as evaporative tidal flat (Ordos Basin, NW China), evaporative platform (Sichuan Basin, SW China), and burial and hydrothermal diagenesis (Tarim Basin, NW China), here we systematically discuss the origin of porosity in dolostone reservoirs. Contrary to traditional concepts, which regarded dolomitization as a significant mechanism for porosity creation, we found two dominant factors controlling reservoir development in dolostones, i.e., porosity inherited from precursor carbonates and porosity resulted from post-dolomitization dissolution. Actually, dolomitization rarely had a notable effect on porosity creation but rather in many cases destroyed pre-existing porosity such as saddle dolostone precipitation in vugs and fractures. Porosity in dolostones associated with evaporative tidal flat or evaporative platform was generally created by subaerial dissolution of evaporites and/or undolomitized components. Porosity in burial dolostones was inherited mostly from precursor carbonates, which could be enlarged due to subsequent dissolution. Intercrystalline porosity in hydrothermal dolostones was either formed during dolo- mitization or inherited from precursor carbonates, whereas dissolution-enlarged intercrystalline pores and/or vugs were usually interpreted to be the result of hydrothermal alteration. These understandings on dolostone porosity shed light on reservoir prediction. Dolostone reservoirs associated with evaporative tidal flat were laterally distributed as banded or quasi-stratified shapes in evaporite-bearing dolostones, and vertically presented as multi-interval patterns on tops of shallowing-upward cycles. Dolostone reservoirs associated with evaporative platform commonly occurred along epiplatforms or beneath evaporite beds, and vertically presented as multi-interval patterns in dolostones and/or evaporite-bearing dolostones of reef/shoal facies. Constrained by primary sedimentary facies, burial dolostone reservoirs were distributed in dolomitized, porous sediments of reef/shoal facies, and occurred vertically as multi-interval patterns in crystalline dolostones on tops of shallowing-upward cycles. Hydrothermal dolomitization was obviously controlled by conduits (e.g., faults, unconformities), along which lenticular reservoirs could develop. 相似文献
14.
15.
用核磁共振测井资料评价碳酸盐岩等复杂岩性储集层 总被引：4，自引：10，他引：4
对于碳酸盐岩等复杂岩性油气藏，由于其储集空间复杂、非均质性强等因素，用常规测井技术难以进行准确描述.核磁共振测井测量的对象是储层空间中的流体，因而可以直接用来划分储集层，而且能提供几乎不受岩性影响的孔隙度和渗透率等参数；同时，由于其T2分布表征了岩石的孔隙结构，所以可以根据T2分布形态判断有效裂缝和溶蚀孔洞.通过多口井的岩心对比和成像测井对比，研究出了一套用MRIL和CMR 的T2分布形态评价储集空间的方法；此外，在特定条件下，根据核磁计算的有效孔隙度和可动流体体积给出了一个计算含油饱和度的公式.利用这些核磁测井技术及其分析方法对车古20古潜山碳酸盐岩储集层裂缝及溶蚀孔洞发育特征进行准确描述，还计算了埕北潜山复杂复杂岩性油气藏的饱和度，对于储量计算具有重要意义. 相似文献
16.
Stiffness variations in carbonates may be described as resulting from different concentrations of flat compliant pores or cracks, which can have a significant effect on the effective stiffness and acoustic properties (e.g., velocities and attenuations) of dry as well as saturated carbonates, although they carry extremely little porosity. As shown in this paper, the effects of dual porosity and wave-induced fluid flow or pore pressure communication may also play a significant role. On the basis of a previously published T-matrix approach to model the effective viscoelastic properties of cracked porous media, we illustrate the (frequency-dependent) effects of wave-induced fluid flow (mainly squirt flow) or pore pressure communication for a model structure consisting of a mixture of fluid-saturated porous grains and fluid-saturated cavities (vugs, etc.) that are embedded in a solid matrix associated with carbonates. We assume that the pores within the porous grains are decoupled from the pores in the solid matrix (and possibly saturated with different fluids) but that each pore system at the micro and/or mesoscale may or may not be connected. For each of four different connectivity models, we present numerical results for four different cases of microstructure (that emphasize the importance of cracks and flat compliant pores). Our numerical results indicate that the velocity and attenuation spectra of carbonates vary significantly, even when the crack density and all other volume concentrations are constant. 相似文献
17.
火山岩、白云岩储层基质孔隙度计算方法分析(英文) 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
火山岩、风化壳白云岩等缝洞储层基质孔隙度计算是测井评价亟需解决的难题之一.本文首先将全直径流纹岩声波实验公式(2005年,李宁)与国内外常用的基质孔隙度计算公式进行了细致的对比;进而就该公式在中基性火山岩、风化壳白云岩等缝洞储层中的适用性进行了深入讨论,并以岩心分析资料为基础,详细给出了该公式与其它公式在计算上述储层基质孔隙度时的误筹分布.误差统计结果表明该公式具有更高的精度.通过中国东部和西部三家油田70口井的实际应用验证,在孔隙度从1.5%到15%范围内,该公式不仅适用于酸性火山岩储层,而且适用于中基性火山岩、风化壳白云岩等缝洞储层基质孔隙度的评价.同时,该公式能够最大限度地减小扩径、岩石蚀变等复杂地质条件对计算结果的影响,实用性更强. 相似文献
18.
碳酸盐岩、致密砂岩和页岩等储层具有孔隙类型多样、孔隙结构复杂和非均质性强等特征,属于典型的多重孔隙储层,孔隙结构表征是多重孔隙储层预测和流体识别的关键.现有的孔隙结构表征方法大多利用孔隙纵横比或者构建一种新参数来描述孔隙结构.岩石临界孔隙度模型是一种常用的岩石物理模型,具有一定的物理意义和地质含义.本文推导了岩石临界孔隙度与岩石孔隙结构(孔隙纵横比)之间的关系,进而利用极化(形状)因子建立临界孔隙度与弹性参数之间的关系,构建了能够包含多种孔隙类型的多孔可变临界孔隙度模型.利用多孔可变临界孔隙度模型由储层的弹性参数反演不同孔隙类型的体积含量.实验室测量数据和实际测井数据表明,多孔可变临界孔隙度模型能够适用于多重孔隙储层岩石物理建模和孔隙结构表征. 相似文献
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Vuggy reservoirs are the most common, albeit important heterogeneous carbonate reservoirs in China. However, saturation calculations using logging data are not well developed, whereas Archie method is more common. In this study, electrical conduction in a vuggy reservoir is theoretically analyzed to establish a new saturation equation for vuggy reservoirs. We found that vugs have a greater effect on saturation than resistivity, which causes inflection in the rock-electricity curve. Using single-variable experiments, we evaluated the effects of vug size, vug number, and vug distribution on the rock-electricity relation. Based on the general saturation model, a saturation equation for vuggy reservoirs is derived, and the physical significance of the equation parameters is discussed based on the seepage-electricity similarity. The equation parameters depend on the pore structure, and vugs and matrix pore size distribution. Furthermore, a method for calculating the equation parameters is proposed, which uses nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) data to calculate the capillary pressure curve. Field application of the proposed equation and parameter derivation method shows good match between calculated and experimental results, with an average absolute error of 5.8%. 相似文献