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地质雷达能快速、准确地探测地下潜在的地质缺陷体的空间位置、形状大小及电性质等其他一些地质参数,可以为滑坡的加固设计、施工提供可靠的资料,简述了地质雷达的勘探原理和方法,并以实例说明了地质雷达在滑坡治理中的应用方法及效果。 相似文献
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岩溶分布十分广泛,地下岩溶洞穴严重威胁着工程建设和人民的生命安全.了解岩溶地区的地质构造和岩溶发育规律,准确勘查地下岩溶洞穴,为各部门的工程设计与施工处理提供可靠的依据显得十分重要.地质雷达是采用高频电磁波、宽频带短脉冲和高速采样技术的一种新型的物探方法.由于该方法具有工作效率高、分辨率高和异常图象直观等突出优点,因此,该方法广泛应用于工程勘察中.多年来,在中国的铁路、公路、电站和机场等工程建设中,我们应用地质雷达方法作了大量的试验研究和生产工作,采集到了一些具有代表性的地下溶洞、溶缝和岩溶破碎的雷达图象,也积累了地质雷达探测地下岩溶洞穴的一些重要经验.本文从地质雷达探测地下岩溶洞穴的基本原理出发,从理论上对溶洞、溶缝和破碎带等的雷达图象进行模拟计算,提出了常见的地下岩溶异常的基本雷达图象特征,再结合典型的地质雷达图象实例,阐述了地下溶洞的埋深、规模、空间分布形态等判识方法. 相似文献
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本文阐述了混凝土体无损检测的基本方法技术。将地质雷达方法引入该领域中,结合工程实例研究地质雷达在混凝土非破损检测中的应用效果。并针对实际问题,利用分形技术对雷达资料进行处理,以提取雷达高分辨率信息。 相似文献
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赵永峰 《地震地磁观测与研究》2009,30(4):34-38
地质雷达作为一种新的探测方法,在城市管线探测过程中得到了越来越广泛的应用。本文结合RAMAC型地质雷达在嘉兴市管线普查中的实际应用,阐明了地质雷达的工作原理和方法,并得到了一些有意义的结论。 相似文献
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RIS-K2型探地雷达在广州市管线普查中的应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
程铭宇 《地震地磁观测与研究》2008,29(2):65-69
探地雷达作为一种新的探测方法,在城市管线探测过程中得到了越来越广泛的应用。本文结合RIS-K2型探地雷达在广州市管线普查中的实际应用,阐明了探地雷达的工作原理和方法,并得到了一些有意义的结论。 相似文献
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探地雷达技术（GPR）在地下金属矿中应用日益广泛,然而复杂的井下环境时常影响雷达的测试效果.鉴别、分析各种干扰因素,有利于消除和抑制环境噪音在雷达中产生测试伪信号.本文结合作者在地下金属矿中的测试经验,探讨了GPR在金属矿井下测试过程中遇到的几种常见的干扰因素,分析其在雷达图象中呈现基本特征,并提出相应的处理措施与方法. 相似文献
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探地雷达(GPR)是浅表地球物理科学技术中的一项重要手段.其重要性体现在它的应用广泛性和有效性.在工程检测、环境保护、文物考古、灾害救援、反恐安检、资源勘探、水文水利等科学技术领域中探地雷达都在发挥着其他手段无法取代的重要作用.关于探地雷达发展历史、基本系统及原理、信号处理与成像等方面的综述性文章已经很多.本文将重点评述作为浅表地球物理观测技术重要手段的探地雷达在几个基础地学与工程技术领域中的应用.这些方面包括沙漠中高大沙丘的内部结构与形成机理,永久冻土的现状探测与演化预测,民用基础设施(公路、桥梁、大坝、堤防)内部或地基内空洞及软弱带的检测,以及地震灾害现场生命探测与救援.本文还将用一定篇幅评述探地雷达技术的变异形式(如钻孔雷达、探月雷达).评述将结合观测实例,尤其是在中国大陆的实例.最后将就探地雷达技术现存的问题及发展方向提出个人见解.需要强调的是,尽管本文以探地雷达的科研应用为主题,浅表地球物理科技成果在各个领域的成功应用绝对不可能倚赖任何单一手段或方法.所有成功的实例都证明一定要强调某一方法为主,其他手段为辅,多手段、多方法的有效配合,才有可能最大程度的减小探测结果的非唯一性,提高准确度和精确度. 相似文献
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Vega Prez Gracia Jos Antonio Canas Lluis G. Pujades Jaume Claps Oriol Caselles Francesc García Raul Osorio 《Journal of Applied Geophysics》2000,43(2-4)
This paper describes the ground-penetrating radar (GPR) survey performed inside the Cathedral of Valencia, Spain. It is part of historical studies performed in the Cathedral in order to add information to old maps and documents in the Cathedral Archives and also to analyze the extent and importance of potentially destructive moisture areas that were appearing on the floor. The construction of the Cathedral of Valencia occurred in three stages, all of which are well-documented in the Cathedral Archives with detailed drawings, maps, and charts. The radar data were successful in locating crypts, ossuaries, sepulchers, and graves, and the location of ancient walls that existed before the final Cathedral expansion. Three cultural layers corresponding to the three periods of construction were also identified corresponding to the Roman, Arabian and Middle Age Epochs. Measurements of relative sub-floor moisture were obtained by comparing dielectric permittivity changes and radar velocity differences between materials in humid and non-humid areas. 相似文献
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In order to provide a basis for the earthquake resistance protection zoning of Anshan City, westudied the activity of faults. In the study, the synthetic geophysical prospecting techniqueswere used. These techniques include the shallow artificial earthquake method, electric method,geologic radar method, etc., with shallow artificial earthquake sounding as the main means.In the meantime, the data of geophysical prospecting and borehole record of this city werecollected and the methods of field investigation and sample age dating were also used incombination. The results show that there are 5 hidden or semi-hidden faults in Anshon City.Among these faults, Dashitou-Songsantai fault, Ningyuantun fault and Dayangqi fault trendNW, the middle Pleistotene Tanggangzi fault trends NE, while the early Pleistocene or Pre-Quaternary Ertaizi fault trend NW. According to the definition of active faults, none of thesefaults is active. This paper also discussed the cause for the formation of seriously damagedareas in Ans 相似文献
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用物探方法解决文物保护和考古中的某些难题 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
文中介绍了3个实例:（1）测量石雕表面风化深度和防风化液渗入深度;（2）勘查中国现存最古的砖塔--嵩岳寺塔的塔基状况,并查明是否有地宫;（3）在克孜尔千佛洞地区崩坍的堆积层表面查找地下旁侧的山崖中是否有被埋石窟.以上3例在以往用常规方法都难有成效,针对具体情况,灵活地应用电阻率法及地质雷达等方法,解决了考古中的难题. 相似文献
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Forward modelling and imaging of ground‐penetrating radar in tunnel ahead geological prospecting 
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下载免费PDF全文 Bin Liu Fengkai Zhang Shucai Li Yao Li Shan Xu Lichao Nie Chongmin Zhang Qingsong Zhang 《Geophysical Prospecting》2018,66(4):784-797
Adverse geologies are often encountered during tunnel construction, which could seriously endanger the construction. To ensure the safety, it is essential to detect adverse geologies and their water‐bearing situation ahead the tunnel face. Ground‐penetrating radar is a suitable instrument, but the accurate interpretation of its detection results is difficult. In this paper, at first, an improved back projection imaging algorithm is proposed, which can make reflection waves closer to the real geological boundaries with few artificial clutters. And then, forward modelling of ground‐penetrating radar is carried out for typical adverse geologies, such as karst caves, faults, fractured rock masses, fracture network, and water‐bearing body. Their corresponding response features are obtained, accumulating experience for geological interpretation. The above two methods provide the basis for target identification and geological interpretation. In the last part, the application of the above two methods in several engineering cases are given, and their effectiveness is verified. 相似文献
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Ground-penetrating radar is a technique which offers a new way of viewing shallow soil and rock conditions. The need to better understanding overburden conditions for activities such as geochemical sampling, geotechnical investigations, and placer exploration, as well as the factors controlling groundwater flow, has generated an increasing demand for techniques which can image the subsurface with higher resolution than previously possible. The areas of application for ground-penetrating radar are diverse. The method has been used successfully to map ice thickness, water depth in lakes, bedrock depth, soil stratigraphy, and water table depth. It is also used to delineate rock fabric, detect voids and identify karst features. The effective application of the radar for the high-resolution definition of soil stratigraphy and fractures in bedrock is highlighted. The basic principles and practices involved in acquiring high quality radar data in the field are illustrated by selected case histories. One example demonstrates how radar has been used to map the bedrock and delineate soil horizons to a depth of more than 20 m. Two case histories show how radar has been used to map fractures and changes of rock type to 40 m range from inside a mine. Another case history demonstrates how radar has also been used to detect and map the extent of groundwater contamination. The corroboration of the radar results by borehole investigations demonstrates the power and utility of the high-resolution radar method as an aid for interpolation and extrapolation of the information obtained with conventional coring programmes. With the advent of new instrumentation and field procedures, the routine application of the radar method is becoming economically viable and the method will see expanded use in the future. 相似文献
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The classical theory of detection using the Neyman-Pearson principle is applied to stratosphere-troposphere (ST) radar signals. It is extended to provide information regarding the detection of weak signals which complements the detectability method usually employed in ST radar studies. It is shown that for ST radar signals of low amplitude and a detectability around 3 (a value commonly invoked in literature), the probability of detection is about equal to the probability of false alarm. The question of threshold detectability is also discussed.Spectral moments errors are evaluated by a method which is an extension of the analytical method of estimation developed by Miller and Rochwarger and the results compared to other statistical and analytical models. As already known, three factors can affect the error on the estimated parameters: the signal-to-noise ratio, the spectral width and the incoherent integration number. For high signal-to-noise ratios, analytical results are in good agreement with Barrick’s and Denenberg’s theoretical models and with Yamamoto’s statistical one. For low signal-to-noise ratios, the spectral parameters are more sensitive to the selected model but overall variability is similar. 相似文献
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利用昆明电波观测站（25.6°N,103.8°E）两台不同工作频率的全天空流星雷达在2011年特殊联合观测试验期间的数据,基于Hocking的方法利用不同的温度梯度,在确定了昆明地区中层顶位于流星峰值高度之上的情况下,反演了昆明地区上空88 km和85 km高度的大气温度,并与Aura卫星观测的温度进行比较.对比研究发现,两台流星雷达可以分别正确获得88 km和85 km高度的大气温度,但其中由全球温度梯度模式反演得到的大气温度与卫星观测温度相关性不是很好,而利用卫星观测的温度梯度,两台雷达反演出的大气温度与卫星观测温度存在很好的相关性.结果表明了准确的温度梯度在流星雷达观测大气温度过程中是至关重要的. 相似文献