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为探寻太阳系天体位置的变化对大地震发生的影响,作者分析了1900-1996年发生在中国7级以上大地震的天体位置特征和引潮力．分析结果表明,太阳系天体的特殊位置的确对地震的爆发起到了一定作用,太阳系10个天体中,又以月亮影响最大,本世纪71％的大地震发生于赤白交角从极大变为极小时期,对引潮力的分析表明,其水平分力更易触发大震,这与大震时10个天体天顶距集中分布于40°─140°之间是一致的,文中对此作了初步讨论,认为天体引潮加速度触发地震不在于某一量值,而在于其变化量的大小． 相似文献
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大地震的孕育与发生,是构造变动的一部份,是受区域应力场控制的。本文正是通过对区域地震活动图象的研究,探索大震可能发生的危险地点;并通过其变化规律,探讨大震孕育的周期。笔者根据对川滇地区两千年的历史地震资料及1965年至1982年底的十八年地方台网资料的研究,初步确定了以 NW50°、NE40°的地震密集条带构成的网状图象。7级大震,90%以上发生在条带内,80%以上发生在网状结构的“结点”区。通过对1970—1976年五次7级大震的综合对比研究,初步确定,大地震的孕育周期:6—5年、4—3年为中长期阶段,2—1年为中短期阶段。而大震前,震源结点区及其相应的共轭条带上,多有中强震发生。从而可为大地震的长、中、短期预报,为中强震的中、短期以至临震预报提供趋势意见。 相似文献
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研究区域、资料和地震活动概述 滇西地区(本文选择λ_E:97.5°—101°,φ_N:24°—28°的3.5°×4°区域)位于众所周知的川滇菱形块体西北侧南段,该区以三大经向构造为主:怒江断裂、澜沧江断裂及著名的红河深大断裂,还伴有少量北东向构造。这里地震活动除频度较高外,强度亦颇大,历史上曾有1515年永胜7.0级大震,本世纪以来又相继发生了1925年大理7.0级和1976 相似文献
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全球7级大震与我国地震活动的关系 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：6
本文对全球７级以上大震进行了分区研究，分析了各区地震活动的特征及其与地球自转速度的关系，并对华北中强以上地震活动特征及其与全球大震活动的关系进行了探讨，结果认为，全球各区大震活动特征分为三种类型，它们都与地球自转速度有关。 相似文献
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二十世纪以来中国西部和邻区的大地震活动与地球自转的关系 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
中国西部及周邻地区大震活动与地球自转速率变化有一定关系,尤其是8级以上特大地震与地球自转变化的加速期关系更为密切。中国西部及其邻区76％的地震发生在地球自转速率变化的相对加速期。本文通过地震活动与地球自转变化的关系,对帕米尔-杭爱山地区本世纪末至二十一世纪初的地震危险性作了趋势性估计。 相似文献
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本文从全球八级大震的活动水平出发,根据地震频度和应变能释放两个方面,论证了地球自转与全球大震活动在宏观趋势上的一致性。并由84对子样群求出它们之间的相关系数r等于-0.3489,取自由度n-2=82,置信水平α等于0.01,|r|值线性相关是显著的。这种负相关特征对预测今后大震活动有其实际意义。根据目前地球自转持续加快的趋势,预计今后10至20年间全球地震活动将处于低潮,而在此总的背景下,中国发生7.5级以上地震的可能性较小。 相似文献
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利用1963—2017年间中国大陆地区29次MS≥7.0地震和全球范围内42次MS≥8.0地震资料,根据地球自转速率季节性变化计算了它们的相位角,分析了它们的相位角分布,利用统计检验方法对它们与地球自转季节性变化之间的关系进行了检验。结果是:中国大陆地区MS≥7.0地震,约81%的地震发生在地球自转速度季节性变化加速初期和高值点附近-减速初期,在α=0.001显著性水平下通过显著性检验。全球范围发生的MS≥8.0地震,约68%的地震发生在地球自转速度季节性变化低值点附近,在α=0.001显著性水平下通过显著性检验。 相似文献
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利用1963—2017年间中国大陆地区29次M_S≥7.0地震和全球范围内42次M_S≥8.0地震资料,根据地球自转速率季节性变化计算了它们的相位角,分析了它们的相位角分布,利用统计检验方法对它们与地球自转季节性变化之间的关系进行了检验。结果是:中国大陆地区M_S≥7.0地震,约81%的地震发生在地球自转速度季节性变化加速初期和高值点附近-减速初期,在α=0.001显著性水平下通过显著性检验。全球范围发生的M_S≥8.0地震,约68%的地震发生在地球自转速度季节性变化低值点附近,在α=0.001显著性水平下通过显著性检验。 相似文献
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M. N. French R. L. Bras W. F. Krajewski 《Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment (SERRA)》1992,6(1):27-45
A procedure for short-term rainfall forecasting in real-time is developed and a study of the role of sampling on forecast ability is conducted. Ground level rainfall fields are forecasted using a stochastic space-time rainfall model in state-space form. Updating of the rainfall field in real-time is accomplished using a distributed parameter Kalman filter to optimally combine measurement information and forecast model estimates. The influence of sampling density on forecast accuracy is evaluated using a series of a simulated rainfall events generated with the same stochastic rainfall model. Sampling was conducted at five different network spatial densities. The results quantify the influence of sampling network density on real-time rainfall field forecasting. Statistical analyses of the rainfall field residuals illustrate improvement in one hour lead time forecasts at higher measurement densities. 相似文献
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Gtz Schroth Luciana Ferreira Da Silva Marc‐Andree Wolf Wenceslau Geraldes Teixeira Wolfgang Zech 《水文研究》1999,13(10):1423-1436
The partitioning of rain water into throughfall, stemflow and interception loss when passing through plant canopies depends on properties of the respective plant species, such as leaf area and branch angles. In heterogeneous vegetation, such as tropical forest or polycultural systems, the presence of different plant species may consequently result in a mosaic of situations with respect to quantity and quality of water inputs into the soil. As these processes influence not only the water availability for the plants, but also water infiltration and nutrient leaching, the understanding of plant effects on the repartitioning of rain water may help in the optimization of land use systems and management practices. We measured throughfall and stemflow in a perennial polyculture (multi‐strata agroforestry), monocultures of peach palm (Bactris gasipaes) for fruit and for palmito, a monoculture of cupuaçu (Theobroma grandiflorum), spontaneous fallow and primary forest during one year in central Amazonia, Brazil. The effect on rain water partitioning was measured separately for four useful tree species in the polyculture and for two tree species in the primary forest. Throughfall at two stem distances, and stemflow, differed significantly between tree species, resulting in pronounced spatial patterns of water input into the soil in the polyculture system. For two tree species, peach palm for fruit (Bactris gasipaes) and Brazil nut trees (Bertholletia excelsa), the water input into the soil near the stem was significantly higher than the open‐area rainfall. This could lead to increased nutrient leaching when fertilizer is applied close to the stem of these trees. In the primary forest, such spatial patterns could also be detected, with significantly higher water input near a palm (Oenocarpus bacaba) than near a dicotyledonous tree species (Eschweilera sp.). Interception losses were 6·4% in the polyculture, 13·9 and 12·3% in the peach palm monocultures for fruit and for palmito, respectively, 0·5% in the cupuaçu monoculture and 3·1% in the fallow. With more than 20% of the open‐area rainfall, the highest stemflow contributions to the water input into the soil were measured in the palm monocultures and in the fallow. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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M. A. Kahn 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2000,28(2):95-101
Red tide, a recurrent phenomenon has become conspicuous in several Kashmir lake ecosystems since 1991. The responsible organism (Euglena pedunculata), a rare flagellate rediscovered in the Kashmir Himalaya (Khan 1993) caused first and unprecedented red tide outbreak, constituting a maximum of 96% of resident numerical phytoplankton density in Dal Lake. At present, conflicting hypotheses exist on the generation of causal assemblage(s) imparting redness to waters: Jeeji Bai (1991) linked its origin to acid precipitation – a fallout of burning oil‐fields during the Gulf War – whilst Khan (1993) holds local factor(s) responsible. Field/experimental studies support the latter contention that the influx of untreated sewage, in unison with warm temperatures, high levels of PhAR, iron and interruption to hydrological flow‐pattern together with absence/or reduction in grazing activity created conducive environmental milieu for red tide outbreak. Dal Lake “red tide” drifted the bloom‐inoculum to other waters, including Lake Wular, where additional ecological niches were carved out, threatening the aesthetic value and biological diversity of Kashmir lakes. Ecological monitoring indicates frequent seasonal red tide occurrence in Dal Lake (including summer‐autumn event of 1998) which testifies its unabated eutrophication status. Further studies are needed on ecological adaptability and biogeographic distribution of this rare and unique red tide‐causing flagellate. 相似文献