共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Observation has been conducted on soft surface ground with a sloping basement to clarify the effects of lateral inhomogeneity on ground motions and strains induced by seismic waves and to examine the frequency characteristics of the ground surface motions. The scattered Rayleigh wave from the vicinity of the sloping basement has been detected on seismograms and is observed to have a large influence on the ground motions and strains. In this paper the response of the ground is simulated using a hybrid method which combines a particle model and finite element method (FEM). The computed seismograms are in good agreement with observed ones. It is found from the calculations that large ground strains are produced by the scattered Rayleigh waves as well as by the incident shear waves in the surface ground overlying the sloping basement. In addition, the effects of lateral inhomogeneity on an embedded pipeline are examined. The present results are considered to be significant from the viewpoint of earthquake engineering. 相似文献
2.
The effect of topography and subsurface inhomogeneity on surface motion is investigated in the case of incident SV waves. Several types of topography, such as a cliff, a cliff with a soft layer and filled land, are considered. Computations are made using a new method combining a particle model with a finite element method. The accuracy of this method is discussed through comparisons with Wong's solutions, which are in good agreement. It is found that the surface displacement is very much influenced by surface irregularities when the incident wavelengths are comparable to the size of the topographic features. Rayleigh waves are strongly produced in the neighbourhoods of the slopes of a cliff and a cliff with a soft layer, the latter being a cliff adjacent to and covered at its foot by a soft layer. Thus, a zone of large amplification takes place near a slope, combining incident SV waves and Rayleigh waves. A large displacement also occurs at the upper corner of the slope. In filled land, vertical and horizontal displacements are produced, which are 3 times larger than those at a distance. The present results are considered to be significant from the viewpoint of engineering seismology. 相似文献
3.
4.
刘晶波 《地震学报(英文版)》1996,9(2):309-315
Ｔｈｅｅｆｆｅｃｔｏｆｌｏｃａｌｉｒｒｅｇｕｌａｒｔｏｐｏｇｒａｐｈｙｏｎｓｅｉｓｍｉｃ ｇｒｏｕｎｄ ｍｏｔｉｏｎＪＩＧ－ｈｏＬＩＵ（刘晶波）（ＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＣｉｖｉｌＥｎｇｉｎｅｅｒｉｎｇ，ＴｓｉｎｇｈｕａＵｎｉｖｅｒｓｉｔｙＢｅｉｊｉ... 相似文献
5.
Soft ground improvement using piles has increasingly been used as a rapid construction technique for railway and highway embankments over soft soil areas. While most studies conducted so far have addressed only issues of stability and settlement of pile-supported embankments under static loading, very limited attention has been paid to understanding their behaviors under transient loading of moving vehicles. In this study, vibration behaviors of this embankment system under high-speed train passage are investigated through three-dimensional finite element simulation. They include (1) characteristics of the surface wave field at high train speeds, (2) the dependence of vibration amplitude on the train speed and the phenomenon of critical speed, and (3) response at some typical locations in the system when the train moves at the critical speed. The study shows that there are breaks in the simulated wave fronts as transiting between different materials due to the difference in the Rayleigh wave speed among the materials relative to the train speed, and that the increase in train speed is accompanied by the increase in phase shift between the train load and the displacement pattern beneath the load. It is shown that the critical speed of the system is governed by the embankment, instead of the soft soil as commonly observed in previous studies in which the ground is not improved. Namely the vibration amplitude is maximally amplified when the train speed approaches the characteristic Rayleigh wave speed of the embankment material. In addition, the results also suggest that the sloping surfaces on the ballast and embankment along with the piles form a ‘trapping’ effect by which most of the train-induced waves, especially higher-frequency waves, incident to the sloping surfaces are trapped and dissipated within the pile-supported embankment system, and thus significantly reducing vibration amplitudes outside the embankment. 相似文献
6.
P. Dangla 《地震工程与结构动力学》1988,16(8):1115-1128
A plane strain model for dynamic soil-structure interaction problems under harmonic state is presented. The boundary element method is used to study the response of a homogeneous isotropic linear elastic soil. The far field displacement at the free surface is approximated by an outgoing Rayleigh wave. The finite element method is used to describe the response of the building, of the foundation and possibly of a finite part of the inhomogeneous non-linear soil. Two coupling procedures are described. The model is applied to a problem previously studied in the antiplane case. Incident P, SV and Rayleigh waves are considered. The results show an amplification and an attenuation of the structure motion with frequency when incident Rayleigh waves and P, SV body waves are respectively considered. 相似文献
7.
地震体波斜入射情形下台阶地形引起的波型转换 总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12
本文首次对地震体波斜入射情形下竖直、倾斜台阶地形引起的波型转换进行了数值模拟，结果表明：地震波的斜入射会使台阶上角点引起更强的转换面波；转换Rayleigh面波最大振幅可达弹性半空间表面自由场位移的1.1倍左右。 相似文献
8.
地下衬砌洞室对Rayleigh波的放大作用 总被引：5，自引：3，他引：5
本文利用波函数展开法,给出了半空间中圆形衬砌洞室引起的Rayle igh波散射问题的一个级数解,并通过对求解技术的改进,获得了高频解答。论文通过入射波长、洞室直径、衬砌刚度和埋置深度等参数分析,研究了地下洞室对Rayle igh波的放大作用。数值结果表明,地下洞室情况下地表位移幅值可以达到无洞室情况的2.6倍以上;多数情况下,柔性衬砌洞室情况地表位移幅值最大,无衬砌洞室情况次之,刚性衬砌情况最小。 相似文献
9.
Louis Martel 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》1976,114(5):811-820
A numerical method is developed which can be used to determine the characteristics of Rayleigh wave propagation in a homogeneous medium where, at each surface point, the radius of curvature is large compared to the wavelength of Rayleigh waves. This method is deduced from experimental results on seismic modeling of some simple cases.In the general case we compute two effects of surface topography on the Rayleigh waves: a dispersion and attenuation of the waves due to the whole path and a local modulation of the displacement components depending on the local curvature. Therefore, both effects are not to be neglected in the case of precise measurement of the velocities and of the amplitudes from which the attenuation factor is carried out. 相似文献
10.
SV波入射情况下V型河谷地形对地震动的影响分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
基于局部人工边界的显式有限元方法,给出了二维V型河谷地形在SV波垂直人射下地面运动数值解,并分析其地震动分布规律以及两侧不同的边坡角度对于地震动分布规律的影响.数值结果表明:谷底的角点、两岸靠近河谷的点、两侧谷坡靠近谷底的点以及靠近两岸的点,对地表位移有放大作用,而对其邻近区域地表位移有抑制作用.这是由于角点处存在面的... 相似文献
11.
利用波函数的Fourier-Bessel级数展开法,推导出了含任意多个圆弧状沉积层的谷地在Rayleigh波入射下二维稳态动力响应的解析解,分析了该级数形式解析解随截断项数的收敛问题,讨论了在获取该解析解的过程中,用于计算Rayleigh波自由场的有限Fourier级数的项数和用于模拟水平地表的大圆弧的半径对解的影响.研究结果表明,该解析解能够在一个非常宽的频带内收敛.最后,利用该解析解,在一个较宽的频带范围内,讨论了谷地中沉积介质的成层性,包括沉积层的层数、软弱夹层的存在及其厚度等因素对地面运动的影响. 相似文献
12.
Oblique wave scattering by undulating porous bottom in a two-layer fluid: Fourier transform approach
Srikumar Panda 《地球物理与天体物理流体动力学》2014,108(6):587-614
The problem involving scattering of oblique waves by small undulation on the porous ocean bed in a two-layer fluid is investigated within the framework of linearised theory of water waves where the upper layer is free to the atmosphere. In such a two-layer fluid, there exist waves with two different wave numbers (modes): wave with lower wave number propagates along the free surface whilst that with higher wave number propagates along the interface. When an oblique incident wave of a particular mode encounters the undulating bottom, it gets reflected and transmitted into waves of both modes so that some of the wave energy transferred from one mode to another mode. Perturbation analysis in conjunction with Fourier transform technique is used to derive the first-order corrections of velocity potentials, reflection and transmission coefficients at both modes due to oblique incident waves of both modes. One special type of undulating bottom topography is considered as an example to evaluate the related coefficients in detail. These coefficients are shown in graphical forms to demonstrate the transformation of water wave energy between the two modes. Comparisons between the present results with those in the literature are made for particular cases and the agreements are found to be satisfactory. In addition, energy identity, an important relation in the study of water wave theory, is derived with the help of the Green’s integral theorem. 相似文献
13.
An explicit finite difference method is performed to evaluate the significance of topography effects on the seismic response of viscoelastic sites. The real accelerograms and bell-shape impulse wavelets, slope angle of cliff and angle of incidence on the spectrum property of the incoming waves are all discussed in detail. The conclusions show that the presence of topographic factors and the direction of the incident waves not only significantly affect the peak ground acceleration of a site, but also affect the spectrum properties of the incoming waves, and the effect on the direction of the incident waves is especially remarkable. The study also finds that it is reasonable to analyse spectrum properties with the input of impulse wavelets in the finite element simulation of wave motion. 相似文献
14.
结合单相介质动力格林函数和流体域格林函数,将间接边界元方法拓展到含流体层河谷对地震波散射的求解,并结合具体算例进行大量参数分析。研究结果表明,含流体层河谷地形对平面P波、SV波入射时的地震响应受控于入射波频率、入射波角度及流体深度等多种因素。总体来看:① 在低频域内,含流体河谷底部及附近地表的频谱特性与不含流体的河谷反应基本一致;② P波入射时在水层体系共振频率处,河谷底部位移缩小效应显著,而此频率处流体表面位移达到最大;③ 流体层具有吸收地震波能量的作用,流体深度越大,河谷表面及附近地表的地震动位移越小。研究成果可在一定程度上为河谷地形附近地震动效应的评估及防震减灾工作提供理论依据。 相似文献
15.
Sri Atmaja P. Rosyidi Mohd Raihan Taha Zamri Chik Amiruddin Ismail 《Acta Geophysica》2009,57(3):616-635
Surface wave method consists of measurement and processing of the dispersive Rayleigh waves recorded from two or more vertical
transducers. The dispersive phase data are inverted and the shear wave velocity versus depth is obtained. However, in case of residual soil, the reliable phase spectrum curve is difficult to be produced. Noises
from nature and other human-made sources disturb the generated surface wave data. In this paper, a continuous wavelet transform
based on mother wavelet of Gaussian Derivative was used to analyze seismic waves in different frequency and time. Time-frequency
wavelet spectrum was employed to localize the interested seismic response spectrum of generated surface waves. It can also
distinguish the fundamental mode of the surface wave from the higher modes of reflected body waves. The results presented
in this paper showed that the wavelet analysis is able to determine reliable surface wave spectrum of sandy clayey residual
soil. 相似文献
16.
产生地震动空间效应的主要原因是地质构造的变化会极大地改变复杂场地条件下到达不同观测点的地震波,因此地震波振幅和相位发生明显变化。本文利用有限元和边界元耦合的方法,通过建立雷克子波入射时的非线性响应模型求解复杂场地条件下的波动积分方程,进行复杂近地表构造中地震波场数值模拟,旨在分析复杂场地条件下入射方向不同的地震波的动力响应规律。研究结果显示近地表会极大地改变地震波传播特征,导致地震波传播趋向不一致性的因素是由于复杂场地条件重建了地震波的传播路径,尤其须指出的是非一致性地表位移响应源于软土层中低频子波的传播。在地震响应分析中导致系统不同动力响应的其他原因是主频和地震波速度结构的改变,同时地震波入射角度的改变会引起到达观测点的时间滞后,地表位移响应随着入射角度的增大而增加,地震动的空间效应随着入射角度的减小而愈趋明显。 相似文献
17.
局部地形对出平面运动谱特性的影响分析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
本文利用显式有限元有限差分方法进行了脉冲和实际地震动输入下的粘弹性场地地形影响的分析计算,研究了坡地地形在高宽比不同、体波入射角度不同时出平面运动谱特性的差异。结果显示:地形的特征尺寸和入射角度不仅对地震动的峰值有影响,而且对地震动的谱特性有较大的影响,其中入射角度的影响尤为显著。另外,研究还表明,基于脉冲输入研究粘弹性地形谱特性的影响仍不失为一种有效的方法。 相似文献
18.
Rayleigh波入射情形下的断层效应 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文运用数值模拟方法对Rayle igh波入射情形下的断层效应进行分析,结果表明:断层对Ray-le igh面波具有隔震作用,随断层深度的增加其隔震效果更加明显,且水平向的隔震效果强于竖向。在入射波一侧,由于断层的作用使接触带附近的反应增强,随着断层破碎带宽度的增加,竖向反应变化特征明显不同于水平向反应变化特征。 相似文献
19.
I. C. Simpson 《地震工程与结构动力学》1978,6(3):247-263
A two-dimensional soil-structure interaction analysis is carried out for transient Rayleigh surface waves that are incident on a structure. The structure is modelled by a three-degree of freedom rigid basemat to which is attached a flexible superstructure, modelled by a single mass-spring system. The structural responses to a given Rayleigh wave train are compared with those that would have been obtained if the free-field acceleration-time history had been applied as a normally incident body wave. The results clearly exhibit the [frequency filtering] effects of the rigid basemat on the incident Rayleigh waves. It is shown that, if seismic excitation of a structure is, in fact, due to Rayleigh surface waves, then an analysis assuming normally incident body waves can considerably over-estimate structural response, both at basemat level for horizontal and vertical motions and for vertical oscillations of the superstructure. However, in the examples considered here, relatively large rocking effects were induced by the Rayleigh waves, thus giving maximum horizontal accelerations in the superstructure that were of comparable magnitude for Rayleigh and normally incident body waves. 相似文献
20.
针对10种不同坡角的凸起地形,采用基于透射边界的有限元-有限差分计算方法,研究了局部凸起在SV波斜入射时,地震动峰值加速度放大倍数和反应谱谱比随入射角度的变化规律。结果表明:①地震波以一定的角度斜入射时,地表大部分观测点的峰值加速度放大倍数大于垂直入射的情况;②在计算模型宽高比一定的情况下,最不利入射角度与坡角有一定关系,且地表最不利位置随坡角增大由凸起台地边缘向中心移动;③入射角度对凸起地形地震反应谱特性的影响十分显著,不但影响谱比的幅值,也影响谱比曲线的形状,斜入射时各关键节点大部分周期点的谱比值大于垂直入射,入射角度对反应谱中的高频成分影响较为显著,而对长周期成分影响不大。 相似文献