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1.
液化场地上土体侧向变形对桩基影响研究评述 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
总结了地震作用下桩基震害现象以及桩-土-结构动力相互作用、液化引起地面侧向扩展对桩基的影响方面理论模型和分析方法的研究现状,指出了存在的问题,讨论了今后的发展趋势。 相似文献
2.
考虑地基土液化影响的高层建筑地震反应分析 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
为了研究地基土液化对高层建筑地震反应的影响，本文简要介绍了分时段等效线性有效应力动力分析方法，且将其中的等效线性化方法改进为逐步迭代非线性方法，并利用ANSYS程序的参数化设计语言将这一分析方法并入ANSYS程序中，最后分析了考虑液化时桩基-高层建筑体系的地震反应。认为对于单层砂土-桩基-高层建筑体系来说，砂土的液化对上部结构地震反应有较大的影响；而对于本文采用的上海土-桩基-高层建筑体系来说，砂土层的液化未对上部结构的地震反应产生明显的影响。 相似文献
3.
桩-土-上部结构体系的动力相互作用是一个复杂的过程,尤其是在倾斜液化侧向扩展流动（侧扩流）场地中,由于地震过程中场地产生地面永久大变形,桩土间有可能产生错动滑移与开裂等非线性反应,因此桩-土相互作用模拟至关重要。为了探究桩-土非线性接触对倾斜液化场地-群桩基础-上部结构体系动力响应的影响,本文基于OpenSees分别建立了考虑桩-土相互作用弹簧和桩土结点之间直接绑定的有限元数值模型。结果表明：考虑桩-土相互作用Pyliq弹簧时,土体加速度幅值略微降低,桩基对土体的约束明显变弱,土体残余位移增大。同时,具有Pyliq弹簧的模型能较好地模拟桩的曲率响应,而采用桩土结点直接绑定的模型高估了桩顶曲率,进而无法准确估计桩基抗弯最不利位置。桩-土相互作用弹簧对上部结构动力响应的影响较小。 相似文献
4.
《地震工程与工程振动》2021,41(5)
基于OpenSees计算软件建立液化微倾场地群桩-土动力相互作用有限元模型,分析液化微倾场地饱和砂土p-y曲线特性,系统研究了场地倾斜角度、桩径、地震作用幅值和基桩位置对饱和砂土动力p-y曲线特性影响。研究表明:土体即将液化时,桩基土反力达到峰值;土体液化后,土体表现出了流体特性;土反力峰值、桩土相对位移峰值和初始刚度随场地倾斜角度增加而增大;桩径越大,液化砂土的耗能效应越明显;随着地震作用幅值的增加,桩土相对位移峰值和土反力峰值也随之增加;液化微倾场地上坡桩受到的土体侧向流动力大于下坡桩。 相似文献
5.
针对振动台试验,采用u-p形式控制方程表述饱和砂土的动力属性,选用土的多屈服面塑性本构模型刻画饱和砂土和黏土的力学特性,引入非线性梁-柱单元模拟桩,建立试验受控条件下液化场地群桩-土强震相互作用分析的三维有限元模型,并通过试验结果验证数值建模途径与模拟方法的正确性。以实际工程中常用的2×2群桩为例,建立桩-土-桥梁结构强震反应分析三维有限元模型。基于此,针对不同群桩基础配置对液化场地群桩-土强震相互作用影响展开具体分析。对比发现,桩的数量相同时,桩排列方向与地震波输入方向平行时比垂直时桩基受力减小5%~10%,而对场地液化情况无明显影响;相同排列形式下,三桩模型中土体出现液化的时间约比双桩模型延缓5s,桩上弯矩和剪力减小33%~38%。由此可见,桩基数量增加,桩-土体系整体刚度更大,场地抗液化性能显著,桩基对上部桥梁结构的承载性能明显增强,其安全性与可靠性更高。这对实际桥梁工程抗震设计具有一定的借鉴意义。 相似文献
6.
液化土体中桩基侧向动力响应一直是目前岩土工程界和地震工程领域关注的热点研究问题之一.本文基于振动台实验,首次将光纤布拉格光栅(FBG)技术应用到液化土体桩基侧向动力响应分析方法中.实验结果表明:采用FBG传感系统可以测得桩身侧向动力响应,与传统电阻式应变片法相比简洁方便;FBG测量土体位移同样有效可行,可代替以往加速度积分求解土体位移;后处理得到的桩基侧向动力p-y滞回曲线能更好地反映桩土之间真实的动力本构关系,并与干砂动力p-y曲线相比,探讨两种不同场地条件下桩基侧向动力响应机制与p-y曲线的发展变化模式,为以后液化土中桩基侧向动力响应问题的研究奠定了理论基础. 相似文献
7.
为了考察桩-土接触效应对结构地震反应的影响,利用有限元软件ABAQUS建立了土-桩-框架二维有限元模型,分别采用损伤塑性模型和动力粘塑性记忆型嵌套面模型模拟混凝土和土体,利用rebar单元模拟混凝土内的钢筋,取得了较好的计算效果.计算分析中采用19条不同频谱的地震波记录,考虑了地震动强度、桩径、摩擦系数等因素,以层间位移角和桩顶最大位移为主要评价指标,揭示相互作用体系的动力响应特性.分析认为,计算结果对桩、土摩擦系数的取值不敏感;不考虑土-桩接触时,近场土体的动力反应与实际情况存在一定的误差,且上部结构和桩基的动力反应会被低估,应该考虑桩-土动力接触效应;地震动强度增加时,随着结构进入塑性状态,低估程度减小;桩径增加时,低估程度没有显著变化,虽然桩基和上部结构的反应都有所减小. 相似文献
8.
土-桩-结构相互作用体系的非线性地震反应分析 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
本文主要研究土-结构相互作用对于桩基础高层建筑的结构动力特性及其地震反应的影响以及土的非线性性质对于土-桩-结构相互作用体系的地震反应的影响。文中对一幢19层桩基-框剪结构建筑进行了结构动力特性和地震反应分析,根据所作分机可以得到一些初步的、定性的结论。 相似文献
9.
液化场地桩-土-桥梁结构地震相互作用振动台试验数值模拟方法研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
直接针对大型振动台模型试验,建立液化场地桩-土-桥梁结构地震相互作用数值模拟的二维分析模型和计算方法。根据桩基平面应变假定,将空间桩体转换成平面板桩,并考虑桩的尺寸效应;基于桩截面节点位移协调条件和平衡力系等效原理,建立四结点梁单元刚度矩阵且对Timoshenko梁杆单元刚度矩阵进行增广修正,以考虑桩的横向尺寸影响桩周土位移场分布的尺寸效应。根据有效应力原理进行土动反应分析,采用满足M asing准则的修正双曲线模型描述土动力变形的本构关系,同时考虑因孔压上升造成土体软化而对土动力性能的影响,由迭代法处理土的动力非线性。采用并联弹簧-阻尼器模拟计算域人工边界,以考虑边界波的反射作用对体系动力反应的干扰和土粘滞阻尼的影响。采用W ilson-θ逐步积分法计算体系的地震反应。通过与试验结果的对比分析,评估数值模拟的建模途径和计算方法的可靠性。 相似文献
10.
《地震工程与工程振动》2015,(1)
震害调查表明,强震下液化侧扩流场地桥梁桩基破坏严重。为此,国内外学者针对液化侧扩流场地桥梁桩基抗震问题开展了大量卓有成效的研究尝试。本文系统总结并评述了液化侧扩流场地桩-土-桥梁结构地震相互作用的基本规律、力学机理、荷载特征与失效机制及其影响因素等的研究成果,全面阐述了液化侧扩流场地桥梁桩基抗震方面的试验、分析方法与数值模拟技术的最新进展,并指出这类场地桩基抗震研究尚存在的主要问题与亟待解决的难题。这项工作对我国桥梁工程的抗震安全性具有重要意义,可供我国研究人员与工程师参考借鉴。 相似文献
11.
Zhi-Fan Xia Guan-Lin Ye Jian-Hua Wang Bin Ye Feng Zhang 《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2010
It is known that a series of aftershocks might follow a mainshock, which may cause further damages on civil engineering structures. So it is necessary to investigate the dynamic response of structures undergone several shocks. This study presents a numerical analysis of repeated shake-consolidation process for an earth embankment founded on liquefiable foundation soils. Analysis is carried out using an effective stress-based, fully coupled, finite element method. The behaviors of the foundation soils are described by means of a cyclic mobility constitutive model which was developed at the bases of modified Cam-clay model by introducing concepts such as stress-induced anisotropy, over-consolidation, and structure. Results show that the cyclic mobility constitutive model can reflect the dynamic response of liquefiable soils. Special emphasis is given to analyze the result of excess pore water pressures, stress path, acceleration, and deformations during the two seismic excitation and consolidation process. 相似文献
12.
隧道可液化土层围岩对地震动作用非常敏感,可液化土层动孔压的产生和发展使得地下结构受到上浮作用,从而影响地下结构的稳定性.通过对可液化土层中隧道动力响应计算,研究了不同静应力场隧道围岩动孔压场分布、围岩液化区域分布以及衬砌结构仰拱底与拱顶的动孔压差变化.研究结果表明,不同静应力场对围岩可液化土的动孔压分布、液化区域分布及... 相似文献
13.
The technology of bio-grouting is a new technique for soft ground improvement. Many researchers have carried out a large number of experiments and study on this topic. However, few studies have been carried out on the dynamic response of solidified sand samples, such reducing liquefaction in sand. To study this characteristic of microbial-strengthened liquefiable sandy foundation, a microorganism formula and grouting scheme is applied. After grouting, the solidified samples are tested via dynamic triaxial testing to examine the cyclic performance of solidified sand samples. The results indicate that the solidified sand samples with various strengths can be obtained to meet different engineering requirements, the use of bacteria solution and nutritive salt is reduced, and solidified time is shortened to 1-2 days. Most importantly, in the study of the dynamic response, it is found that the MICP grouting scheme is effective in improving liquefiable sand characteristic, such as liquefaction resistance. 相似文献
14.
Damage of embankments during earthquakes is widely attributed to the liquefaction of foundation soil. Previous studies have investigated the dynamic response of embankments by mainly considering uniform sand foundation and a single earthquake event. However, the foundation of an embankment consists of many sublayers of soil from liquefiable sand to relatively impermeable layer, and during earthquakes a mainshock may trigger numerous aftershocks within a short time which may have the potential to cause additional damage to soil structures. Accordingly, the investigation of liquefaction-induced deformation of earthen embankments on various liquefiable foundation conditions under mainshock–aftershock sequential ground motions is carried out by a series of dynamic centrifuge tests in this study. The liquefiable foundation includes uniform sand profile, continuous layered soil profile, and non-homogeneous soil profiles. Effects of various foundation conditions on embankment deformations are compared and analyzed. From the test results, it is found that the embankment resting on non-homogeneous soil deposits suffer more damage compared to the uniform sand foundation of same relative density. The test results also suggest that the sequential ground motions have a significant effect on the accumulated deformation of embankment. 相似文献
15.
Earthquake induced liquefaction continues to be a major threat to many engineered structures around the world. Analysis of liquefaction becomes particularly difficult for two-dimensional (and 3D) problems such as dam/foundation systems. Predominantly, analyses for such systems are performed utilizing some type of finite element or finite difference procedure. Verification or validation of the analyses relies on very limited field performance data with reduced knowledge of the full scope of system conditions or loading conditions.Research reported in this paper represents a portion of ongoing work to obtain a database of information useful for numerical model calibration and to gain a better understanding of the complex dynamics of liquefying foundations under earth dams. Specifically, a highly instrumented model of an earth dam with clay core founded on a liquefiable foundation subjected to earthquake loading is being studied. Properties of the liquefiable foundation are varied to determine the related effects on the overlying earth dam. In this paper, results from three centrifuge physical models will be presented. The models are identical, with the exception of the location (depth) of a liquefiable layer in the foundation, and are subjected to the same dynamic excitation. Results and discussion related to the significance of the liquefiable layer location within the foundation and damage to the earth dam are presented. 相似文献
16.
Bridges are a part of vital infrastructure,which should operate even after a disaster to keep emergency services running.There have been numerous bridge failures during major past earthquakes due to liquefaction.Among other categories of failures,mid span collapse(without the failure of abutments)of pile supported bridges founded in liquefiable deposits are still observed even in most recent earthquakes.This mechanism of collapse is attributed to the effects related to the differential elongation of natural period of the individual piers during liquefaction.A shake table investigation has been carried out in this study to verify mechanisms behind midspan collapse of pile supported bridges in liquefiable deposits.In this investigation,a typical pile supported bridge is scaled down,and its foundations pass through the liquefiable loose sandy soil and rest in a dense gravel layer.White noise motions of increasing acceleration magnitude have been applied to initiate progressive liquefaction and to characterize the dynamic features of the bridge.It has been found that as the liquefaction of the soil sets in,the natural frequency of individual bridge support is reduced,with the highest reduction occurring near the central spans.As a result,there is differential lateral displacement and bending moment demand on the piles.It has also been observed that for the central pile,the maximum bending moment in the pile will occur at a higher elevation,as compared to that of the interface of soils of varied stiffness,unlike the abutment piles.The practical implications of this research are also highlighted. 相似文献
17.
Study of pore pressure variation during liquefaction using two constitutive models for sand 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Numerical analyses of liquefiable sand are presented in this paper. Liquefaction phenomenon is an undrained response of saturated sandy soils when they are subjected to static or dynamic loads. A fully coupled dynamic computer code is developed to predict the liquefaction potential of a saturated sandy layer. Coupled dynamic field equations of extended Biot's theory with u–P formulation are used to determine the responses of pore fluid and soil skeleton. Generalized Newmark method is employed for integration in time. The soil behavior is modelled by two constitutive models; a critical state two-surface plasticity model, and a densification model. A class ‘B’ analysis of a centrifuge experiment is performed to simulate the dynamic response of level ground sites. The results of the numerical analyses demonstrate the capability of the critical sate two-surface plasticity model in producing pore pressures that are consistent with observations of the behavior of liquefiable sand in the centrifuge test. 相似文献
18.
Large earthquake-induced displacements of a bridge abutment can occur, when the bridge is built on a floodplain or reclaimed area, i.e., liquefiable ground, and crosses a water channel. Seismic responses of a bridge abutment on liquefiable ground are the consequence of complex interactions between the abutment and surrounding soils. Therefore identification of the factors dominating the abutment response is important for the development of simplified seismic design methods. This paper presents the results of dynamic three-dimensional finite element analyses of bridge abutments adjacent to a river dike, including the effect of liquefaction of the underlying ground using earthquake motions widely used in Japan. The analysis shows that conventional design methods may underestimate the permanent abutment displacements unless the following two items are considered: (1) softening of the soil beneath the liquefiable layer, due to cyclic shearing of the soil surrounding the piles, and (2) the forces acting on the side faces of the abutment. 相似文献
19.
对由碎石桩和CFG桩构成的多桩型复合地基的作用机理进行分析,通过数值模拟,对多桩型复合地基的动力特性进行研究,探讨桩型配比、桩径、桩长、CFG桩桩体刚度和碎石桩桩体渗透性等设计参数对多桩型复合地基动力特性的影响。研究结果表明:相同条件下地震期多桩型复合地基的动变形小于碎石桩复合地基而大于CFG桩复合地基,震后沉降量相对较小,在工程设计时碎石桩与CFG桩的桩型配比宜为4∶5;随桩体长度、桩体直径和CFG桩刚度的增加,多桩型复合地基地震期的竖向动变形逐渐减小;随碎石桩桩体渗透性的增加,多桩型复合地基中的超动孔隙水压力减小,震后沉降量降低。 相似文献