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大地震前体应变临震异常现象 总被引：5，自引：2，他引：3
本文对2011年1月至2014年4月间全球发生的80次MS≥7级地震前,二张营台和天堂河台Sacks体应变临震异常现象进行了研究,针对复杂震例提出了异常识别的前提条件。统计结果显示,体应变观测对震中距为8000km范围内的MS≥7级地震映震和前兆异常反映较好。同时,对异常现象进行了分类和描述,划分了三种异常类型:即固体潮畸变型、突变型和慢地震型,并对各种类型作了统计分析,初步探讨了力学性质。结果发现,体应变异常信息对未来大地震的发生具有一定的预示意义。 相似文献
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使用永胜地震台分量钻孔应变2013—2016年观测资料,对出现的异常现象进行分析,结果发现,异常的成因既有干扰因素,也有前兆因素。在云南省几次M 4.4—5.5地震发生前,永胜地震台分量钻孔应变出现较为显著的短期异常,异常特征主要表现为:震前多分量应变速率突然增大或张性与压性应变交替变化,异常结束后1—20天发震。 相似文献
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1 研究背景
地震活动条带图像是地震预测中常用方法之一.20世纪80年代,我国地震学家开始对地震条带进行清理和系统研究,如:陈章立等(1981)和陆远忠等(1985)对中国11次MS≥7.0地震和部分6.0—6.9级地震前区域地震活动图像进行研究,认为MS≥7.0地震前小震活动"条带"的出现具有一定普遍性,可将震前条带所展现的一些共同特征作为孕震条带的判别标准;李莹甄等(2011)通过重新扫描,对96次中强震前地震条带进行系统梳理,认为5级、6级和7级地震前出现条带的比例分别为25％、38％和71％,在一定程度上表明条带图像可能是6级以上强震发生的重要异常判据. 相似文献
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使用永胜地震台分量钻孔应变2013—2016年观测资料,对出现的异常现象进行分析,结果发现,异常的成因既有干扰因素,也有前兆因素。在云南省几次M 4.4—5.5地震发生前,永胜地震台分量钻孔应变出现较为显著的短期异常,异常特征主要表现为：震前多分量应变速率突然增大或张性与压性应变交替变化,异常结束后1—20天发震。 相似文献
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We have conducted body waveform modeling studies of 13 historic earthquakes to provide a better understanding of the long-term spatial and temporal pattern of seismicity and deformation within a region extending from Barbuda, Lesser Antilles, to Cumana, Venezuela. Our results suggest that shallow earthquakes (<50 km deep) along the South American-Caribbean plate margin reflect right-lateral and extensional deformation. Intermediate depth events (100 km) show left-lateral strike-slip motion beneath the Paria peninsula of Venezuela. In the Lesser Antilles the 1960 Barbuda and 1946 Martinique earthquakes appear to be interplate thrust events, however the greatest moment release in the region has occurred at intermediate depths as a mixture of normal and strike-slip faulting, generally along trends oblique to the arc. The deformation rate estimated from the seismic moment release between 1926 and 1960 is only 1 to 10% of the estimated plate convergence rate for the region. 相似文献
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The Applicability of Modern Methods of Earthquake Location 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
Paul G. Richards Felix Waldhauser David Schaff Won-Young Kim 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》2006,163(2-3):351-372
We compare traditional methods of seismic event location, based on phase pick data and analysis of events one-at-a-time, with
a modern method based on cross-correlation measurements and joint analysis of numerous events. In application to four different
regions representing different types of seismicity and monitored with networks of different station density, we present preliminary
results indicating what fraction of seismic events may be amenable to analysis with modern methods. The latter can supply
locations ten to a hundred times more precise than traditional methods. Since good locations of seismic sources are needed
as the starting point for so many user communities, and potentially can be provided due to current improvements in easily-accessible
computational capability, we advocate wide-scale application of modern methods in the routine production of bulletins of seismicity.
This effort requires access to waveform archives from well-calibrated stations that have long operated at the same location. 相似文献
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JIAN WEN SHEN CHANG QING CAI Shanghai Seismological Bureau Shanghai China 《地震学报(英文版)》1998,11(6):711-718
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Diane I. Doser 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》1992,139(1):3-16
Body waveform modeling is used to determine the source processes of three large earthquakes (magnitude 6.8, 6.4, 6.3) occurring between February 9 and 15, 1956 along the San Miguel fault in northern Baja California, Mexico. Results of the modeling suggest that the mainshock on February 9 was responsible for the 20 km of surface faulting observed during the sequence. Although previous researchers have suggested a complex rupture history for the mainshock, uncertainty estimates of source-time function shape indicate single or double source models fit the observed waveforms equally well. The February 15 aftershock, however, appears to have consisted of two events. Locations and focal mechanisms obtained for the three events suggest that the rupture process may have been controlled by cross faults to the main trace of the San Miguel fault. The good correlation between source parameter information and the surficial geology/geometry of the San Miguel fault zone demonstrates the usefulness of waveform modeling studies in unravelling the complexities of historic multi-event earthquake sequences. 相似文献
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依据张家口地区1996年1月1日至2015年12月31日发生的1 748个地震的震中分布,结合该区地震地质、构造等研究成果,通过对该区历史上破坏性地震和大量中小地震的时空分布特征进行分析,发现地震多集中在几组活动断层交汇区及活动断层两端、拐点、分支、分叉部位和断陷盆地边界(沉降幅度差较大地区)部位,可能是因为这些部位是应力易集中地区。该结论可为张家口地区地震预报提供初步背景参考。 相似文献
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This study presents ductility demand spectra for single degree of freedom (SDOF) systems under multiple near- and far-fault seismic ground motions. The main innovation has to do with the quantification of the seismic sequence effect directly into ductility demands, a phenomenon which has not been studied in the past. Due to lack of real seismic sequences records, this paper examines only artificial sequences, where they have been generated by a rational and random combination of real single events. A statistical investigation of more than 120 millions dynamic inelastic analyses is conducted to obtain expressions for the ductility demands, in terms of the period of vibration, the viscous damping, the post-yield stiffness and the force reduction factor. It is found that due to the seismic sequence effect, it is certainly insufficient to consider only the ‘design earthquake’, since this traditional hypothesis leads to underestimated ductility demands and therefore to underestimated structural damage. 相似文献
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Jonathan M. Lees Jeffrey B. Johnson Mario Ruiz Liliana Troncoso Matt Welsh 《Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research》2008
Reventador Volcano entered an eruptive phase in 2005 which included a wide variety of seismic and infrasonic activity. These are described and illustrated: volcano-tectonic, harmonic tremor, drumbeats, chugging and spasmodic tremor, long period and very long period events. The recording of this simultaneous activity on an array of three broadband, seismo-acoustic instruments provides detailed information of the state of the conduit and vent during this phase of volcanic eruption. Quasi-periodic tremor at Reventador is similar to that observed at other volcanoes and may be used as an indicator of vent aperture. Variations in the vibration modes of the volcano, frequency fluctuations and rapid temporal fluctuations suggest the influx of new material, choking of the vent and possible modification of the conduit geometry during explosions and effusion over a period of six weeks. 相似文献