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为研究盾构隧道下穿地下建筑物时的地表沉降特征和地层沉降规律,对沈阳地铁1号线某区间盾构隧道下穿地下结构引起的地层沉降进行了理论分析、数值模拟和工程监测。结果表明：盾构机从不同方向接近地下框架结构端墙的下方时,端墙下方土体出现较大的位移,因此端墙下方土体需加固;盾构机在独立基础下方掘进时,提高同步注浆压力和增加注浆量对减小地表沉降的作用不明显;地下框架结构对土层的约束作用使盾构隧道施工引起的地表最大沉降值减小,沉降槽宽度系数增大,曲线更平缓;忽略地下框架结构刚度的地表沉降数值分析结果与地表位移监测数据接近,可用于指导工程实践。 相似文献
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以北京地铁8号线盾构施工工程为研究背景,针对线路区间内的典型工况,通过在盾构施工作业面进行的现场振动测试工作,得到盾构施工振动振源的幅频特性。在这些工作的基础上,首先利用灰关联熵分析方法对影响振源振动的因素进行影响因素的敏感性分析,其次利用多元回归分析方法对影响振源振动的主要影响因素进行回归分析,主要的成果包括：（1）首次提出了盾构施工振源的主控因素—地层条件及其量化特征参数—掌子面地层加权动弹性模量,以及影响振动的主要施工参数—刀盘扭矩、总推力;（2）建立了盾构施工振动振源的回归模型,相关性显著。这些工作为进一步实施盾构施工振动对周围环境的影响的分析、预测、施工控制提供了基础,填补了相关研究的空白。 相似文献
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以北京地铁8号线盾构施工工程为研究背景,针对线路区间内的典型工况,通过在盾构施工作业面进行的现场振动测试工作,得到盾构施工振动振源的幅频特性。在这些工作的基础上,首先利用灰关联熵分析方法对影响振源振动的因素进行影响因素的敏感性分析,其次利用多元回归分析方法对影响振源振动的主要影响因素进行回归分析,主要的成果包括：（1）首次提出了盾构施工振源的主控因素—地层条件及其量化特征参数—掌子面地层加权动弹性模量,以及影响振动的主要施工参数—刀盘扭矩、总推力;（2）建立了盾构施工振动振源的回归模型,相关性显著。这些工作为进一步实施盾构施工振动对周围环境的影响的分析、预测、施工控制提供了基础,填补了相关研究的空白。 相似文献
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城市地铁盾构施工地层变形三维数值模拟分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
富水砂层条件下,盾构施工问题多、风险大、施工变形难控制。以南昌地铁某区间盾构隧道工程为研究背景,采用有限差分软件FLAC3D建立了三维盾构施工力学模型,对富水砂层条件下的盾构施工过程进行动态数值模拟,并结合现场实测数据分析了盾构施工引起的地表沉降规律。结果表明：盾构施工引起的横向地表沉降呈＂V＂形,最大地表沉降发生在隧道中心正上方,最终形成的沉降槽宽度约为6倍隧道外径;盾构施工引起的纵向地表沉降呈＂S＂形,盾构开挖面前方表现为隆起,开挖面后表现为沉降,在开挖面后一定距离逐渐趋于稳定;开挖面支护力对稳定开挖面土体及减小地表沉降有较大影响;盾构进洞与出洞施工中存在较大风险,应采取相应的工程措施以保证盾构施工安全进行。所得结论可供南昌地铁区间盾构隧道设计与施工参考。 相似文献
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盾构超近距离上穿既有运营隧道时,由于施工引起的土体扰动较大,控制地层沉降和扰动变形的难度也随之增大.基于宁波轨道交通5号线上穿运营的宁波轨道交通2号线区间隧道建立Flac3D模型,研究了掘进过程中既有隧道的变形规律,并探究了不同推进速度对隧道变形的影响.结果表明,当隧道开挖时,在掌子面还未达到既有隧道范围、位于既有隧道中心附近、超出既有隧道范围的过程中,既有隧道的纵向沉降与水平位移均出现明显的上升与回落现象;隧道超近距离上穿既有隧道将诱发双线隧道上行线和下行线相似的竖向沉降以及不同的水平变形规律,且水平变形数值沿盾构掘进方向有所增大;在保障隧道施工过程稳定性的前提下,考虑工程特点与施工效率,试验段推进12环/d,穿越段推进10环/d为该工程的最佳推进速度. 相似文献
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采用广州市轨道交通十三号线二期工程西彩区间盾构隧道项目资料,使用三维有限元模拟的方法,研究盾构隧道施工对立交桥桩基产生的影响.由于该区间盾构隧道下穿德尼立交桥,需进行桩基托换,从桩基托换及盾构掘进的设计、施工特点出发,针对所提出的不利影响开展三维建模及数值计算.分析结果表明:桩基托换和盾构开挖均对土体造成了一定程度的扰动,引起的桩基竖向位移较大,随着桩基托换和盾构开挖施工的进行,结构位移变化呈现先逐步上涨,后趋于稳定的趋势.根据数值计算结果的位移大小,均在规范的安全控制值内,不影响既有立交桥的结构和运营安全,并一步提出相应的施工建议. 相似文献
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结合深圳地铁2号线盾构过富水砂层施工实际,考虑流-固藕合水土本构关系,用FLAC3D软件建立了盾构施工数值分析模型。计算结果与工程实测数据对比验证了数值模型的合理性。进一步研究了盾构过富水砂层对地表不同位置建筑的影响:建筑物基础在隧道正上方时产生沉降最大且较均匀,水平位移最小;盾构机开挖下穿时建筑物差异沉降最大,建筑物倾向盾构开挖方向;建筑物基础横向上离隧道中心一倍隧道埋深时,建筑物水平移动最大,易受剪切破坏,倾向垂直盾构开挖方向,周边地表沉降差最大;建筑物离隧道中心横向距离超过两倍隧道埋深时,盾构开挖对建筑物基础沉降的影响较小,建筑物沉降与其周边地表沉降较均匀。 相似文献
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液化地层下地铁工程抗地震液化措施研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
地震液化可能诱发极为严重的破坏,已成为工程领域的重要研究课题。目前,在可液化地层下地铁工程抗地震液化设计及施工经验较少,且现行规范针对液化地层所给定的处理原则在工程实际应用中较难操作。本文以天津地铁5号线穿越中等-严重液化粉土层区段为工程背景,同时以地震液化机理、影响因素及抗液化规范的应用为基础,结合数值模拟及现场试验,给出了地铁工程抗地震液化处理措施建议,并对各项措施的适用性进行了分析。研究结果表明:抗液化措施应结合地铁结构型式、结构与液化土层的相互位置关系、液化土层的厚度、液化等级以及周边环境等因素综合确定;在结构承载力及抗浮稳定性验算中应计入土层液化引起的土压力增加、摩阻力降低以及浮力增加等因素的影响;注浆加固对盾构区间抗地震液化有利。 相似文献
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静态弹性参数对储层压裂改造、应力场及裂缝预测具有重要意义,开展地层压力条件下煤岩动、静态弹性参数实验研究,获得动、静态弹性参数之间的关系,为利用动态弹性参数预测静态弹性参数提供了岩石物理依据.本次研究应用MTS岩石物理参数测试系统完成沁水盆地和顺地区的煤岩样在地层压力条件下的动静态弹性参数同步测试.结果表明:动态杨氏模量随压力的增加而增加,而动态泊松比随压力的变化较为复杂;动、静态杨氏模量之间呈线性关系,且动态杨氏模量大于静态杨氏模量;动、静态泊松比之间的相关性较差,大部分煤样的动态泊松比小于静态泊松比.获得的这些关系为动静弹性参数转换提供了基础,进而为利用地震资料进行静弹性参数预测,获得岩石力学性能参数提供了一种途径. 相似文献
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In this paper, the changes in sediment transport over 51 years from 1955 to 2006 in the Kuye River in the Loess Plateau in China are assessed. Key factors affecting sediment yield and sediment transport, such as precipitation depth, discharge, and human activities are studied. To investigate the changes in sediment yield in this watershed, a trend analysis on sediment concentration, precipitation depth, and discharge is conducted. Precipitation depths at 2 Climate Stations （CSs）, as well as discharge and sediment transport at 3 Gauging Stations （GSs） are used to assess the features of sediment transport in the Kuye River. The rtmoff modulus （defined as the annual average discharge per unit area, L/（s·km^2）） and the sediment transport modulus （defined as the annual suspended sediment transport per unit area, t/（yr km^2）） are introduced in this study to assess the changes in runoff and sediment yield for this watershed. The results show that the highest average monthly discharge during the study period in the Kuye River is 66.23 m^3/s in August with an average monthly sediment concentration of 88.9 kg/m^3. However, the highest average monthly sediment concentration during the study period in the Kuye River is 125.34 kg/m^3 and occurs in July, which has an average discharge of 42.6 m^3/s that is much less than the average monthly discharge in August. It is found that both the runoff modulus and sediment transport modulus at Wenjiachuan GS on the Kuye River has a clear downward trend. During the summer season from July to August, the sediment transport modulus at Wenjiachuan GS is much higher than those at Toudaoguai and Longmen GSs on the Yellow River. The easily erodible loess in the Kuye River watershed and the sparse vegetation are responsible for the extremely high sediment yield from the Kuye River watershed. The analyses of the grain size distribution of suspended load in the Kuye River are presented. The average monthly median grain size of suspended load in the Kuye River is largest in February and then decreases until June. In July, the average monthly median grain size of suspended load approaches another peak and decreases until September. Then, the median grain size of suspended load starts to increase until February of the following year. However, the average monthly median grain size of suspended load in the Yellow River at Toudaoguai and Longmen GSs is the smallest between early summer and late fall The median grain size in the Yellow River starts to increase in November and approaches the largest size in January. 相似文献
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Observations of trace gases (SO2, NH3, NO2 and O3) were made during the period 1981 to 1984 at 6 different locations representative of urban industrial, urban, nonurban, thermal power plant and marine environment. Diurnal variations of the trace gases were studied in an urban environment. Except in the urban industrial environment, the concentration of NH3 was found in the range of background values. Also, the average concentrations of NO2 and O3 at the different environments were in the order of background values. However, the concentrations of SO2 were substantially higher by about 7 times, in urban industrial and thermal power plant environments. The diurnal variations of SO2, NH3 and NO2 showed anitphase relationship with surface temperature at the urban environment station which is relatively free of industrial pollution. Discussion is centred on trace gas variations in different environments in India together with the values reported for various countries in the world. 相似文献
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3He/4He ratios up to 3.5 times the ratio of atmospheric He were found in groundwater samples. The3He enrichment can be attributed to radiogenic3He produced by in-situ beta-decay of3H. This shows that tritiogenic3He is accumulating in confined waters. From tritiogenic3He and3H concentrations, ages of groundwaters can be calculated. Detection of tritiogenic3He gives a tool to trace a tritium contamination which occurred in the past and cannot be assessed only by the3H counting method. 相似文献
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The aim of this study is to estimate likely changes in flood indices under a future climate and to assess the uncertainty in these estimates for selected catchments in Poland. Precipitation and temperature time series from climate simulations from the EURO-CORDEX initiative for the periods 1971–2000, 2021–2050 and 2071–2100 following the RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 emission scenarios have been used to produce hydrological simulations based on the HBV hydrological model. As the climate model outputs for Poland are highly biased, post processing in the form of bias correction was first performed so that the climate time series could be applied in hydrological simulations at a catchment-scale. The results indicate that bias correction significantly improves flow simulations and estimated flood indices based on comparisons with simulations from observed climate data for the control period. The estimated changes in the mean annual flood and in flood quantiles under a future climate indicate a large spread in the estimates both within and between the catchments. An ANOVA analysis was used to assess the relative contributions of the 2 emission scenarios, the 7 climate models and the 4 bias correction methods to the total spread in the projected changes in extreme river flow indices for each catchment. The analysis indicates that the differences between climate models generally make the largest contribution to the spread in the ensemble of the three factors considered. The results for bias corrected data show small differences between the four bias correction methods considered, and, in contrast with the results for uncorrected simulations, project increases in flood indices for most catchments under a future climate. 相似文献
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Changes in thermal extremes of the climate of Poland in 1951–2010 are examined. Warm extremes have become more frequent, while cold extremes have become less frequent. In the warming climate of Poland, the increase in the number of extremely warm days in a year and the decrease in the number of extremely cold days in a year have been observed. Also the increase of the maximum number of consecutive hot days in a year and the decrease of the maximum number of consecutive very cold and extremely cold days in a year have been observed. However, the trends are not of ubiquitous statistic significance, as the natural variability is strong. 相似文献
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Cu concentrations in surface (river and lake) and subsurface waters are determined. The geographic pattern of Cu distribution in natural water is identified. This pattern is controlled by the difference between its concentrations in drained rocks and soils and the geochemical redox conditions of its migration. Territories with low, medium, and elevated Cu concentrations in natural waters are identified. The concentrations of Cu in natural waters of the region are found to be generally lower than the Clarke values. 相似文献
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M. MONIRUL QADER MIRZA 《水文科学杂志》2013,58(5):613-631
Abstract The basin area of the Ganges River in Bangladesh is extremely dependent on a regular water supply from upstream to meet requirements for agriculture, fisheries, navigation, salinity control, and domestic and industrial sectors. In 1975, India commissioned a barrage on the Ganges River at Farakka to divert a significant portion of the dry season flow in order to make the Calcutta Port navigable. Statistical analyses of discharge and water level data have been carried out to determine if significant changes have occurred in the hydrology of the Ganges system in Bangladesh in the post-Farakka period. Siltation of the Gorai River (an offtake of the Ganges River) has also been examined using the stage-discharge relationship and regression analysis. The analyses show that the diversion has caused considerable hydrological changes in the Ganges system in Bangladesh. The water supply in the dry season has been reduced substantially, while siltation of the Gorai River has increased significantly. 相似文献
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