共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 156 毫秒
1.
近年来强烈地震造成的钢筋混凝土框架结构倒塌破坏日益受到关注。本文利用ANSYS/LS-DYNA有限元软件对强震作用下钢筋混凝土框架结构,从弹性工作阶段到构件开裂直至倒塌破坏的全过程进行了三维非线性仿真分析,仿真结果与真实倒塌过程吻合较好。证明了框架结构底层抗震能力薄弱,由梁柱连接部位的剪切破坏引起的节点区混凝土碎裂是导致结构倒塌的主要原因。同时也说明通过合理选取计算参数和计算模型,可以成功地再现钢筋混凝土框架结构倒塌破坏的全过程,从而发现其在强震作用下的薄弱环节,为揭示框架结构倒塌破坏机理以及提高结构的抗震性能提供理论分析依据。 相似文献
2.
《世界地震工程》2015,(4)
目前国内外学者将地震倒塌和连续倒塌作为两个独立的领域进行研究,实际上框架结构的倒塌破坏系由二种机理耦合作用所致。针对此问题,采用拆除构件设计法,应用有限元程序ANSYS/LS-DYNA完成了钢筋混凝土框架结构拆除底层关键柱后在地震作用下的倒塌仿真分析,重点研究了层高、跨度、层数和关键柱位置对钢筋混凝土框架结构抗倒塌性能的影响。结果表明:对于平面框架模型,由底层柱脚及梁柱节点区柱端失效破坏引起的柱铰破坏机制,是导致结构倒塌的主要原因。底层中柱失效后,底层迅速转化为柱铰机制,结构在重力作用下失稳坍塌,适当增加层高,减小跨度,增加层数对框架结构在底层关键柱失效后的抗地震倒塌性能有益;对于三维空间框架模型,分析表明,空间框架结构在拆除角柱后框架倒塌破坏最为严重,结构的破坏过程可以概括为3个阶段:(1)弹性阶段;(2)重力作用影响占主导地位的塑性阶段;(3)地震作用占主导地位的塑性阶段。 相似文献
3.
《地震工程与工程振动》2017,(1)
为检验混凝土框架结构设置楼梯隔震防倒塌支座的效果,利用ETABS有限元软件建立计入楼梯、不计入楼梯、设置滑动支座和隔震防倒塌支座的4个框架结构模型,进行地震作用下梯段板下端不同构造措施对框架结构地震反应影响的对比分析。研究结果表明:与不考虑楼梯作用相比,设置隔震防倒塌支座后,钢筋混凝土框架结构的周期、振型、地震作用、层间位移、框架梁柱和楼梯梁柱的地震内力等均未明显变化,表明隔震防倒塌支座能有效地卸去梯段板的斜撑作用;与滑动支座结构相比,隔震防倒塌支座结构沿地震动输入方向的水平滑动位移基本相同,同时减小了梯段板竖向翘起位移。 相似文献
4.
《地震工程与工程振动》2021,41(3)
为研究不同底部层高的钢筋混凝土框架结构的易损性,应用SAP2000软件,采用动力增量分析法分别对设防烈度为7度和8度区6个不同底部层高的框架结构在地震作用下进行了非线性时程分析,得到了地震易损性曲线和结构在极限状态下的地震动强度指标,经回归拟合得到了不同设防烈度区的结构的失效概率公式和结构倒塌储备系数(CMR)。研究表明:结构在弹性阶段的耗能能力较差,在弹塑性阶段表现出较好的延性耗能能力。同一抗震设防烈度的RC框架结构倒塌储备系数CMR随着底部层高的提高而线性降低,底部层高较高框架结构的抗地震倒塌能力与底层层高负相关,基于IDA方法得到了不同底部层高RC框架结构的失效概率计算公式和抗倒塌储备系数线性拟合公式,可供工程设计参考。 相似文献
5.
为研究梯段板下端设置隔震防倒塌支座和楼梯间位置对钢筋混凝土框架结构抗震性能的影响,利用ETABS软件建立不包括、包括隔震防倒塌支座的3种楼梯间布置方案,6个框架结构计算模型。通过模态分析、反应谱分析和Pushover分析,研究隔震防倒塌支座和楼梯间位置对框架结构的振型、内力及破坏机制的影响。结果表明:梯段板下端设置隔震防倒塌支座后,楼梯间位置对钢筋混凝土框架结构的扭转效应影响较小,且框架结构在两个主轴方向的动力特性比较接近;楼梯间框架柱内力均显著降低,但楼梯间布置在最边跨时,在垂直于梯跑方向地震作用下,框架结构边柱内力较大;框架梁对整体框架结构的耗能贡献较多,增强了框架结构的抗震性能,大震时楼梯构件严重破坏较晚,设置隔震防倒塌支座可保证楼梯整体稳定性。 相似文献
6.
唐山地震作用下一座三层钢筋混凝土框架结构倒塌的分析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
一座三层钢筋混凝土框架厂房结构在1976年7月28日唐山地震作用下遭受严重破坏,不久进行了加固,同年11月15日,在一次强余震袭击下框架全部倒塌。本文通过对足尺柱模型进行反复加荷试验,应用电子计算机计算了框架结构非线性地震反应并考虑了一些其他因素,以分析导致结构全部倒塌的原因。最后,对这类结构今后的抗震设计与加固提出了一些建议。 相似文献
7.
由于配筋小型砌块结构在地震作用下的侧向变形曲线形状介于钢筋混凝土框架结构和剪力墙结构之间,因此,将配筋小型砌块结构考虑成“框架-剪力墙”体系。建立分析模型模拟试验模型在地震激励下的弹塑性反应,证明了该模型的有效性。 相似文献
8.
钢筋混凝土框架结构地震破坏的计算机模拟方法 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4
本文提出了对钢筋混凝土框架结构地震破坏进行计算机模拟的方法，在模拟的过程中，作者建立了破坏单元以及单元破坏准则，导出了切合实际的结构倒塌的判定方法，开发了计算机机动模型的自动生成和分析技术以及可视化模拟技术，为研究钢筋混凝土框架结构破坏过程提供了一个有效的方法。 相似文献
9.
10.
结构地震倒塌判别准则是工程结构强震分析的关键问题。在层损伤模型的基础上,建立了基于推覆分析的建筑结构整体损伤模型,并以国内某2层2跨平面钢框架结构拟静力试验为背景,应用有限元程序ABAQUS对平面钢框架进行了强震倒塌数值模拟。分析了钢框架结构的倒塌破坏过程,基于建议地震倒塌判别准则研究了钢框架结构的损伤演化规律。结果表明:钢框架结构在强震作用下的损伤发展顺序与塑性发展顺序一致;基于推覆分析的结构整体损伤模型能较好的体现强震作用下钢框架结构的损伤演化规律,且在上下界处收敛;强震作用下,钢框架结构的初始损伤主要由结构的残余侧移引起,而后期损伤主要由结构的承载力和刚度退化引起。 相似文献
11.
首先介绍了CFRP加固受损钢筋混凝土柱的数值模拟方法,通过OpenSees软件进行了建模分析,数值模拟结果与试验结果的对比验证了该数值模型的有效性;其次,对一6层钢筋混凝土框架以受极罕遇地震影响进行预损,采用损伤指数和折减系数的方法建立震损钢筋混凝土框架的分析模型,并选择5种不同的CFRP加固方案对其进行加固;最后,对CFRP加固的震损RC框架进行增量动力分析。定量的评价了CFRP加固震损RC框架的抗整体性倒塌能力和抗倒塌安全储备。结果表明:CFRP加固能有效提高震损钢筋混凝土框架结构的抗震性能。加固部位的选择对加固效果的影响很大,在所选用的5种CFRP加固方案中,对底层及第2层的梁柱进行加固的方案对提高震损钢筋混凝土框架的抗整体性倒塌能力效果最佳。 相似文献
12.
增大柱端抗弯承载力是抗震"能力设计"措施中引导钢筋混凝土框架结构形成梁铰型有利耗能机构的关键措施。本文以6层确定性钢筋混凝土框架结构为分析对象,通过结构易损性分析评估了不同强柱系数取值对钢筋混凝土框架结构抗震性能的影响。结构易损性分析表明增大柱端抗弯承载力是改善结构抗震性能的有效措施,增大强柱系数提高了结构的变形能力,使不同破坏极限状态之间形成较大的"梯度",对防止强烈地震作用下结构的突然倒塌提供了预示。结构易损性曲线对评估结构抗震性能、选用合适的目标强柱系数提供了量化标准。 相似文献
13.
Collapse resistance of high‐rise buildings has become a research focus because of the frequent occurrence of strong earthquakes and terrorist attacks in recent years. Research development has demonstrated that numerical simulation is becoming one of the most powerful tools for collapse analysis in addition to the conventional laboratory model tests and post‐earthquake investigations. In this paper, a finite element method based numerical model encompassing fiber‐beam element model, multilayer shell model, and elemental deactivation technique is proposed to predict the collapse process of high‐rise buildings subjected to extreme earthquake. The potential collapse processes are simulated for a simple 10‐story RC frame and two existing RC high‐rise buildings of 18‐story and 20‐story frame–core tube systems. The influences of different failure criteria used are discussed in some detail. The analysis results indicate that the proposed numerical model is capable of simulating the collapse process of existing high‐rise buildings by identifying potentially weak components of the structure that may induce collapse. The study outcome will be beneficial to aid further development of optimal design philosophy. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
14.
Observation of damage caused by the recent Abruzzo earthquake on April 6th 2009 showed how local interaction between infills and RC structures can lead to soft‐storey mechanisms and brittle collapses. Results of the present case study are based on observed damage caused by the earthquake in the zone of Pettino. Analytical model based on simulated design procedure was built up and time history analyses were employed to verify the causes of the structural collapse, as highlighted by observed damage. This failure mechanism was investigated taking into consideration all components of the ground motion. Nonlinear behavior of brick masonry infills was taken into account and two parametric hypotheses for infill mechanical properties were considered, given the uncertainties that typically characterize these nonstructural elements. Nonlinear modeling of infills was made by a three‐strut macro‐model aimed at considering both local and global interaction between RC frame and infills. Seismic input was characterized by the real signal registered during the mainshock near the case‐study structure. Different shear capacity models were considered in the assessment. Analytical results seem to confirm with good approximation the likely collapse scenario that damage observation highlighted; the lack of proper detailing in the columns made the local interaction between infills and RC columns and the strong vertical component of the ground motion to be the main causes of the brittle failure. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
15.
为讨论近断层地震动下摇摆-自复位(Rocking Self-Centering, RSC)桥墩连续梁的地震反应及其抗震优缺点。基于OpenSees有限元分析平台讨论了RSC桥墩三维建模方法,通过对6个试验构件的模拟,比较模拟与试验桥墩滞回曲线、预应力筋最大应力等指标,验证了模型准确性。建立设置RSC桥墩和普通钢筋混凝土(Reinforced Concrete, RC)桥墩的上部结构相同的两座连续梁桥,输入3组含有强速度脉冲的近断层地震波进行非线性动力时程分析,对比其抗震性能。结果表明：在0.4 g近断层地震动下,RSC桥墩与普通RC桥墩相比,RSC桥墩的最大位移角为普通RC桥墩的78.1%～97.6%,墩底曲率延性系数仅为普通RC桥墩的24.0%～34.0%,减小了桥墩的最大变形,也减轻了桥墩地震损伤,不利的一点是使用RSC桥墩会导致支座位移增大。RSC桥墩震后的残余位移较小,且预应力筋处于弹性受力阶段,为实现震后桥梁功能的快速恢复提供了条件。 相似文献
16.
钢筋混凝土结构震后损伤鉴定中,最常见的方式是鉴定者观察房屋破坏现象,根据经验给出震损等级。该方法直观高效,但对鉴定者的专业经验要求较高,且鉴定结果的主观差异较大。对此以RC框架柱为对象,开展了基于震损现象的震损量化鉴定方法研究:在RC框架柱震损现象量化试验基础上给出基于构件骨架曲线特征阶段的震损分级方法;对7个RC框架柱试件进行了改进Park-Ang损伤指数分析,建立了RC框架柱损伤指数-震损分级-震损现象的对应关系;基于RC框架柱的试验结果及典型震害编制了RC框架柱震损图集,并给出了使用图集进行框架柱震损鉴定的流程及方法。使用该方法对2个实际震害中的RC框架柱进行了震损鉴定,可为更加客观以及准确地开展钢筋混凝土结构的震损鉴定提供参考。 相似文献
17.
为了提高钢筋混凝土建筑结构的抗震性能,分析多维地震作用下钢筋混凝土建筑结构的抗连续倒塌能力,结合钢筋混凝土建筑结构特性、节点构造特点以及其在多维地震作用下的破坏机理,采用离散单元法建立结构连续倒塌的理论模型,对建筑结构连续倒塌过程进行数值模拟。基于数值模拟化结果,通过备用荷载路径法,实现建筑结构的抗连续倒塌分析。仿真实验结果得出,所提方法能实现对建筑结构抗连续倒塌的准确分析,且在多维地震作用下建筑结构扭转的幅度明显变大,结构顶层位移发散状态显著,不同楼层会产生不同的层间位移以及薄弱部位,建筑结构的抗连续倒塌性能随着失效构件位置的提升而增强。 相似文献
18.
This paper examined the statistical relationship between the curvature ductility demands of columns and the global displacement ductility demands of reinforced concrete (RC) frame structures when subjected to earthquakes. Elements with a designated moment–curvature relationship were adopted for both beam and column elements, and five-story and ten-story RC frame numerical structures were established. Using pushover analysis and earthquake nonlinear dynamic time-history analysis, the maximum global displacement ductility demands of the structure and the maximum curvature ductility demands of the columns were determined. The effects of the spectral acceleration and the strong column factor on ductility demands were analyzed, and the quantitative relationship between the curvature ductility demands of columns and the global displacement ductility demands of frame structures were established. Moreover, the validity of the established relationship was further tested and verified through a real-world application. The results show that the maximum curvature ductility demands of the columns and the maximum displacement ductility demands of the structure were positively associated with the spectral acceleration and negatively associated with the strong column factor. A proposed first-degree linear relationship between curvature ductility of columns and structural displacement ductility in RC frame structures with two parameters was obtained by curve fitting, while considering the effect of the strong column factor. The model was highly correlated with the sampling analysis data. Applying the empirical model established in this study is a simple and effective means to guide the design of ductility and the assessment of RC frame columns. 相似文献
19.
Field investigation on severely damaged aseismic buildings in 2014 Ludian earthquake 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
The 2014 magnitude 6.5 Ludian earthquake caused a death toll of 617, many landslides and tens of thousands of collapsed buildings. A field investigation to evaluate the damage to buildings was carried out immediately after the occurrence of the earthquake. Severely damaged aseismic buildings, which were basically observed in the downtown of Longtoushan Town, were carefully examined one by one with the aim to improve design codes. This paper summarizes the damage observed to the investigated aseismic buildings in both the structural and local levels. A common failure mode was observed that most of the aseismic buildings, such as RC frame structures and confined masonry structures, were similarly destroyed by severe damage or complete collapse of the first story. The related strong ground motion, which was recorded at the nearby station, had a short duration of less than 20 s but a very large PGA up to 1.0 g. The RC frames based on the new design codes still failed to achieve the design target for "strong column, weak beam". Typical local failure details, which were related to the interaction between RC columns and infill walls and between constructional columns and masonry walls, are summarized with preliminary analyses. 相似文献