共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 140 毫秒
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现有地震灾害评估系统多以设定地震的方式进行震害评估,无法满足地震灾害风险评估中按照不同烈度对整个行政区域进行地震灾害评估的业务需求,本文以现有计算模型为框架、以ArcEngine 为GIS开发平台、采用C/S结构进行基于居民地的不同烈度下地震灾害评估系统设计。系统以居民地为评估单元,根据选择的评估区域,按照Ⅵ度、Ⅶ度、Ⅷ度、Ⅸ度、大于等于Ⅹ度5个级别分别进行地震灾害建筑物损坏情况和人员伤亡评估,结果可为各级政府及相关部门进行区域地震风险评估、地震灾害预评估提供技术支持。 相似文献
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地震灾害快速评估的计算机方法和程序 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
文中介绍一种在微机上实现的地震灾害快速评估应用软件：ＤＩＳＥＶ，ＤＩＳＥＶ由地震输入系统，图形显示系统，灾害评估系统和数据输出系统等４部分组成，采用确定性的地震灾害评估方法，用Ｃ语言设计完成，ＤＩＳＥＶ操作简单，快速，对震后快速反应工作以及救灾工作有重要意义。 相似文献
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MapGIS在沈阳市地震影响信息系统中的应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
基于ＧＩＳ技术骼国产软件平台ＭａｐＧＩＳ进行二次开发,加入地震灾害预测及评估统计分析模块,邮对沈阳市地震影响和震害快速评估,以及信息查询、更新等功能,从而为沈阳市宏观估计地震及抗震救灾决策了依据。 相似文献
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地震灾害损失评估是地震部门的一项职责。科学、准确地进行地震灾害损失评估是震后抢险救灾、重建家园、争取国内国际援助的重要依据。本文从城震灾害评估队伍的建立、充分利用灾区掌握的灾情、应用多种评估技术和方法，开展震灾预测以及编制地震灾害损失评估标准图集等几个方面，对我国目前的地震灾害损失评估工作提出了几点建议。 相似文献
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美国地质调查局全国减轻地震灾害计划的主要目标之一是准确地鉴定、评估和准确地描述具有较高的或中等地震危险性的地区的地震灾害。美国地质调查局是负责这一目标的主要机构。鉴定和描述地震区是实现减轻灾害的第一步。当地震区被确定下来且其地震势也被定量化之后,就必须对居民、建筑物和生命线的地震灾害和危险性进行鉴别、评估,并编制有关文件。各级政府和私人部门对建筑方法、土地利用规划和防 相似文献
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地震灾害损失快速评估新方法研究 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1
以云南《玉溪地震减灾信息系统》研究为基础,探讨了地震灾害损失快速评估的方法,即用地理信息系统（ＧＩＳ）来解决地震灾害快速评估的问题。发挥知识经济在地震灾害评估中的作用,使地震灾害评估工作智能化或并智能化。把地震后的高强度野外考察工作分散在平时的资料收信和数据库的建立上,从而逐步达到在室内就能完成快速评估的任务。 相似文献
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The paper discusses model results and then reviews observational data concerning some aspects of the mechanics of mature seismic gaps in coupled subduction zones. The concern is with space-and time-varying stresses, as signalled by the presence and mechanisms of earthquakes in the outer-rise zones adjacent to main thrust areas of large subduction events, and down-dip from such areas, in the downgoing slab. Observations are shown to be consistent with the expectation that in mature seismic gaps, as a result of interplate boundary locking in presence of sustained gravitational driving forces, at least the deeper portions of the ocean plate in the outer-rise zones are under increased compression, and the downgoing slab is under increased tension. The observational data cover two cases of closed seismic gaps, namely the region of the Chilean Valparaiso earthquake of March 3, 1985, and the earthquake of October 4, 1983. Four other cases concern still to-be-closed gaps in northern Chile and along the coast of Guatemala, and also the Kurile Islands Trench gap and the northern New Hebrides gap. It is concluded that the intermediate-term precursor, consisting of a combination of compressional outer-rise earthquake(s) and tensional intermediate-depth, intra-plate events in the downgoing slab, which mechanically signals the latter part of the earthquake cycle, could be useful in evaluating the maturity, and hence great earthquake potential of a seismic gap. 相似文献
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As a result of our ability to acquire large volumes of real-time earthquake observation data, coupled with increased computer performance, near real-time seismic instrument intensity can be obtained by using ground motion data observed by instruments and by using the appropriate spatial interpolation methods. By combining vulnerability study results from earthquake disaster research with earthquake disaster assessment models, we can estimate the losses caused by devastating earthquakes, in an attempt to provide more reliable information for earthquake emergency response and decision support. This paper analyzes the latest progress on the methods of rapid earthquake loss estimation at home and abroad. A new method involving seismic instrument intensity rapid reporting to estimate earthquake loss is proposed and the relevant software is developed. Finally, a case study using the M L4.9 earthquake that occurred in Shun-chang county, Fujian Province on March 13, 2007 is given as an example of the proposed method. 相似文献
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本文从地震灾害、建筑物、人口、经济、抗震救灾等多方面出发，将自然属性与社会属性进行有效结合，对地震危险性、建筑物抗震性能等影响因素进行详细分析，构建城镇地震灾害风险评价指标体系，以张家口地区16个县区为例，采用专家-层次分析法，建立精细化地震灾害风险评估模型。研究结果表明，城镇建筑物抗震性能普遍较差，怀来县地震灾害风险最大，桥东区、蔚县、涿鹿县、桥西区次之，沽源县、康保县地震灾害风险最小，并对各县区地震灾害风险主要影响因素进行讨论，发现地震风险指数与地形结构、建筑物抗震性能具有相关性，评估结果可为城镇制定防震减灾规划提供依据。 相似文献
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一种基于Google Maps的地震信息节点显示地震震中的模式 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Google Maps API是Google公司提供的免费WebGis电子地图应用服务.本文根据地震信息节点的网络状况,以Google Maps为开发基础,以地震信息通道为载体,综合运用多种技术手段.建立面向信息节点服务的地震震中地图发布中心,为市、县地震机构提供一个实时地震信息展示平台.一方面提高了信息节点的地震数据... 相似文献
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Earthquake-induced hazards are profoundly affected by site effects related to the amplification of ground motions, which are strongly influenced by local geologic conditions such as soil thickness or bedrock depth and soil stiffness. In this study, an integrated geographic information system (GIS)-based system for geotechnical data, called the geotechnical information system (GTIS), was developed to establish a regional counterplan against earthquake ground motions in the Seoul metropolitan area. In particular, to reliably predict spatial geotechnical information, a procedural methodology for building the GTIS within a GIS framework was developed and applied to the Seoul area in Korea. To build the GTIS, pre-existing geotechnical data were collected in and around the study area, and then a walk-over site survey was conducted to acquire surface geo-knowledge data. In addition, the representative shear wave velocities for geotechnical layers were derived by statistically analyzing many seismic test data in Korea. The GTIS was used in a practical application to estimate site effects in the study area; seismic zoning maps of geotechnical earthquake parameters, such as the depth to bedrock and the site period, were created and presented as a regional synthetic strategy for earthquake risk assessment. Furthermore, seismic zonation of site classification was also performed to determine the site amplification coefficients for seismic design and seismic performance evaluation at any site and administrative sub-unit in the study area. The methodology and results of the case study of seismic zonations in the Seoul area verified that the GIS-based GTIS can be very useful for the regional estimation of seismic risk and also to support decisions regarding seismic hazard mitigation, particularly in the metropolitan area. 相似文献
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为分析2008年5月12日四川汶川MS8.0级地震对周边断层地震活动的影响,本文首先基于Burgers体黏滞松弛模型计算汶川MS8.0级地震引起的库仑应力动态演化,分析认为2008年汶川MS8.0级地震在周边断层上引起的库仑应力显著增加的主要有四个断层段,分别为鲜水河断裂道孚-康定段、东昆仑断裂东段玛曲段、青川断裂和龙门山断裂南段.而且震后4年内黏滞松弛引起的库仑应力变化量可能与同震变化相当,相当于再发生一次汶川地震所造成的影响,因此震后效应在分析强震影响时不应忽略.本文基于强震引起的库仑应力变化动态演化,结合背景地震发生率、由Dieterich(1994)模型给出地震发生概率,结合相关构造地质、历史地震、余震活动等方面资料的综合分析认为,上述4个断裂段地震危险性由高到低依次为鲜水河断裂道孚-康定段、龙门山断裂南段、东昆仑断裂东段玛曲段和青川断裂. 相似文献