共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 171 毫秒
1.
《地球物理学进展》2016,(5)
在合成孔径雷达(SAR,Synthetic Aperture Radar)定位中,电离层延迟是不可忽略的误差源之一,需要选择合适的电离层模型进行校正.为了验证IRI2012模式和GIM模式在中国不同纬度地区的适用性以及中国地区电离层扰动与太阳耀斑、地磁场等因素的相关性,本文利用IRI2012模式计算的TEC预测值,并结合GIM模式给出的TEC观测值对2014太阳活动低年的中国不同纬度地区TEC时空变化特性进行了分析,包括周日变化、半年变化和年变化等.此外,由于电离层扰动引起的电离层延迟对星载低频SAR定位精度影响比较严重,以IRI2012模式为背景电离层,根据电离层平静期的GIM-TEC观测值确定电离层TEC扰动指数的阈值,在太阳耀斑和地磁异常发生时统计前后一定时间的电离层TEC扰动指数.实验结果表明:IRI2012模式和GIM模式在中国低纬和中高纬度地区的空间和时间变化均符合一般规律,在中国地区具有适用性;电离层扰动指数连续5小时超过阈值0.5判定为电离层扰动事件,当中国地区位于向阳面或处于日冕物质抛射区时,其上空电离层扰动与太阳磁暴和地磁暴紧密相关. 相似文献
2.
针对汶川地震PALSAR观测的方位向形变场存在严重电离层影响,导致准确提取断层地表破裂线困难的问题,本文使用一种基于频率域的电离层影响校正方法,从方位向形变场频域数据中提取电离层信号对应的频域信息,通过建模获得空间域电离层信号,并与原始形变场进行差分运算完成电离层影响的校正,还原了汶川地震断层近场沿SAR方位向的真实地表形变场.以校正后的方位向形变场作为数据源,采用非极大值抑制二维梯度算法,准确提取汶川地震北川—映秀断层和灌县—江油断层的地表破裂线.为验证提取结果的可靠性,引入野外地质调查数据进行对比分析,定量计算两条破裂线间的距离差异,结果表明基于SAR形变场自动提取的断层破裂线与野外地质调查数据具有较高的一致性,利用SAR观测形变场可作为调查地震断层地表破裂的重要补充手段. 相似文献
3.
电离层掩星观测中，当低轨卫星（LEO）轨道高度较低时，轨道以上的电离层电子总含量（TEC）对掩星反演的影响不能忽略.目前，一般采用指数函数等外推方法来处理该问题，对反演结果可能引起较大误差.为提高电离层掩星反演精度，本文研究利用LEO处于非掩星一侧GPS观测数据的改正TEC新反演方法.用三维射线追踪程序计算出电离层掩星观测模拟数据，分别应用改正TEC方法和外推方法进行反演，将反演结果与所用模式值进行比较.结果表明：对于轨道高度约800km的GPS/MET掩星模拟数据，外推方法和改正TEC方法反演结果都与模式值基本一致；对于轨道高度约400km的CHAMP掩星模拟数据，外推方法误差较大，改正TEC方法反演结果与模式值相符得较好.将改正TEC方法应用于GPS/MET实测数据的反演，取得了合理的结果.这些说明，改正TEC算法是一种有效的电离层掩星反演方法，尤其是对于轨道较低的LEO的电离层掩星观测反演特别有用. 相似文献
4.
GPS无线电掩星技术是崭新的、高效的地球大气层和电离层探测技术,但仍在发展和完善之中.本文详细推导了Abel积分和绝对TEC电离层反演方法,研究了如何解决Abel积分产生的上下限异常问题;用COSMIC发布的GPS原始数据进行了反演计算,将结果与地面电离层测高仪数据进行了比较,最后讨论了周跳对反演结果的影响问题.结果表明：（1）在较高轨道高度（约800 km）,Abel积分与绝对TEC方法的反演结果基本一致,都与电离层测高仪反演结果符合良好;在较低轨道高度（约500 km）,绝对TEC反演精度优于Abel积分反演精度;（2）绝对TEC反演的最大电子密度Nm较Abel积分法获得的结果更接近于电离层测高获得的峰值电子密度NmF2,绝对TEC反演法更加严密和有效;（3）周跳对绝对TEC反演结果的影响较Abel积分反演结果的影响更为敏感,但无论哪种方法,周跳对反演精度都造成严重损失.综合而言,绝对TEC反演法是更优的方法. 相似文献
5.
GNSS-LEO电离层无线电掩星技术是近年来发展的电离层探测新技术.为消除LEO轨道以上的电离层影响,改正TEC反演方法采用非掩星侧的观测数据进行电离层掩星反演.本文首次提出了一种新方法--基于历元差分的电离层反演方法;并将改正TEC与历元差分两种反演方法应用于模拟掩星观测数据反演,随后基于反演结果及误差分析得到一些有益的结论:历元差分反演精度较改正TEC反演精度均有所提高;不管是哪种方法,高轨(约800 km)反演结果要优于低轨(约500 km)的反演结果;随着剖面高度的降低,反演精度随之下降;反演误差主要集中在8至18时(当地时),主要分布在磁纬-30°至30°之间. 相似文献
6.
7.
基于GNSS(Global Navigation Satellite Systems)的发展,我们利用具有北斗、GLONASS和GPS三系统信号接收功能的接收机观测的数据,结合电离层总电子含量(Total Electron Content, TEC)的反演算法,提取出GNSS三系统观测的电离层TEC;同时,将GNSS三系统获取的TEC应用到电离层TEC地图、行进式扰动、不规则体结构和电离层的太阳耀斑响应等方面的研究中,这也是首次使用三种GNSS系统数据对电离层进行联合探测研究.研究结果表明,增加了北斗系统的GNSS三系统在研究中国地区电离层TEC地图、周日变化、逐日变化,行进式扰动以及电离层的实时监测等方面较单系统的GPS具有明显的优势. 相似文献
8.
区别于以往GPS电离层层析研究主要关注迭代模型的思路,本文从两方面入手提高GPS电离层层析迭代算法的反演精度:一方面,顾及传统电离层层析迭代模型仅与对电子密度误差起放大作用的GPS射线截距权重相关的不足,提出考虑层析像素格网中的电子密度对GPS TEC的贡献建立新的迭代模型,在不同电子密度像素格网内重新分配GPS TEC实测值与其反演值之间的差距;另一方面,顾及电离层层析迭代算法中松弛因子对反演结果的影响,提出考虑电子密度变化构造新的松弛因子,抑制传播噪声对电子密度反演精度的影响.实验结果显示,相对于传统代数重构算法(ART),新方法反演的电离层电子密度剖面更接近于电离层测高仪观测的电子密度剖面,提高了电子密度反演精度. 相似文献
9.
10.
2020年新疆于田6.4级地震前电离层扰动现象分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
基于中国区域GPS反演TEC、 JPL TEC mapping、 张衡一号卫星探测等离子体参量数据, 着重分析了2020年6月26日新疆于田6.4级地震前的电离层异常现象, 结合之前于田发生的两次7级以上地震, 研究认为于田地震前异常集中出现在震前一周内, 以上升异常为主, 异常有明显的局地效应, 部分异常在磁共轭区有同步效应。 多参量综合分析增强了异常的判识能力, 并提高了异常的可靠性。 太阳及空间磁扰活动对电离层地震判识有较大影响, 会极大增加全球异常频次, 但日食现象引起的TEC扰动与地震电离层异常有明显差异, 较易区分, 弱磁扰活动下的地震电离层异常判识能力有待加强。 相似文献
11.
高频天波返回散射探测作为重要的电离层探测手段,能够实现遥远区域电离层空间上的连续监测,探测获取的返回散射扫频电离图显示了探测频率-群路径-回波能量三者之间的关系.由于电离图包含了探测路径上的电离层状态信息,通过对其反演可以实时获取大面积范围的电离层参数.本文提出了一种基于解空间约束的返回散射前沿反演算法,能够重构电离层水平不均匀结构.针对反演非线性问题,采用Newton-Kontorovich方法进行求解,同时又引入了求解不适定问题的Tikhonov正则化方法,有益于解的稳定性和唯一性.利用模拟数据和实测数据分别对本文建立的算法进行了验证,并与Fridman和Fridman于1994年提出的反演方法进行了对比.结果表明,本文算法反演结果稳定,对返回散射前沿判读误差不敏感,与Fridman和Fridman 1994年方法相比,本文方法对电离层局部精细结构反演更加准确,具有较高的反演精度.本文提出的算法不但能够反演白天和夜间这种电离层较平稳时期的电离层状态,而且对于日出/日落时段等电子浓度分布变化较快情形下的电离层,也有很好的反演效果,表明了该算法在处理复杂多变的实际探测的返回散射电离图中的应用价值. 相似文献
12.
M. Yu. Andreev D. V. Blagoveshchensky V. M. Vystavnoi V. S. Mingalev G. I. Mingaleva 《Geomagnetism and Aeronomy》2007,47(4):502-509
The experimental ionograms of the oblique-incidence sounding of the ionosphere, obtained on the St. Petersburg-Spitsbergen high-latitude HF radio path during the magnetically quiet period December 14–15, 2001, are compared with the model calculations of radiowave trajectories. For this purpose, the corresponding oblique-incidence ionograms are numerically synthesized using the technique based on the shooting method and the computer program for constructing HF radiowave trajectories. The three-dimensional electron density distribution, calculated using the mathematical model of the high-latitude ionosphere previously developed at the Polar Geophysical Institute (PGI), is used to model radio propagation. The numerical calculations make it possible mainly to explain the specific features of the experimental data on the oblique-incidence sounding of the ionosphere. 相似文献
13.
14.
Effects of ionospheric horizontal gradients on differential GPS 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
This paper outlines the effect of horizontal ionospheric gradients on transionospheric path propagation such as for the case
of GPS signals. The total electron content (TEC) is a function of time of day, and is much influenced by solar activity and
also the receiving station location. To make the model applicable for long baselines, for which the ionosphere is not generally
well correlated between receiving stations, the ionospheric gradients should be taken into account. In this work the signal
path is determined using a modified ray-tracing technique together with a homing-in method. Results show that horizontal gradients
can have a significant effect on GPS positioning for both single station positioning and differential GPS. For differential
GPS, the ionospheric delay can, however, be either increased or decreased compared with the case of no gradient, depending
on the gradient direction. 相似文献
15.
The possible causes of the strong ionospheric day-to-day variability under the influence of processes in the geospace, troposphere, and lithosphere are considered based on the data of the critical frequency of the F2 layer of the ionosphere at two observation stations. It is shown that even in the absence of powerful events, the ionosphere is influenced both “from above” and “from below”; in this case, the ionosphere can respond to an external action as an open nonlinear dissipative system. 相似文献
16.
G. V. Kotovich A. G. Kim S. Ya. Mikhailov V. P. Grozov Ya. S. Mikhailov 《Geomagnetism and Aeronomy》2006,46(4):517-521
A simple method for finding the critical frequency at a path midpoint from the distance-frequency characteristic measured on the one-hop path, based on the Smith method (the transmission curve method). The proposed method is the solution of the problem for the regular ionosphere along the path; therefore the method accuracy is also estimated as applied to irregular paths. The modeling results for the Khabarovsk-Irkutsk path are considered, and the experimental results for the Magadan-Irkutsk path are presented. 相似文献
17.
A. V. Pavlov 《Annales Geophysicae》1996,14(2):211-221
This study compares the measurements of electron density and temperature and the integral airglow intensity at 630 nm in the SAR arc region and slightly south of this (obtained by the Isis 2 spacecraft during the 18 December 1971 magnetic storm), with the model results obtained using the time dependent one-dimensional mathematical model of the Earth’s ionosphere and plasmasphere. The explicit expression in the third Enskog approximation for the electron thermal conductivity coefficient in the multicomponent mixture of ionized gases and a simplified calculation method for this coefficient presents an opportunity to calculate more exactly the electron temperature and density and 630 nm emission within SAR arc region are used in the model. Collisions between N2 and hot thermal electrons in the SAR arc region produce vibrationally excited nitrogen molecules. It appears that the loss rate of O+(4S) due to reactions with the vibrationally excited nitrogen is enough to explain electron density depression by a factor of two at F-region heights and the topside ionosphere density variations within the SAR arc if the erosion of plasma within geomagnetic field tubes, during the main phase of the geomagnetic storm and subsequent filling of geomagnetic tubes during the recovery phase, are considered. To explain the disagreement by a factor 1.5 between the observed and modeled SAR arc electron densities an additional plasma drift velocity \sim-30 m s−1 in the ion continuity equations is needed during the recovery phase. This additional plasma drift velocity is likely caused by the transition from convecting to corotating flux tubes on the equatorward wall of the trough. The electron densities and temperatures and 630 nm integral intensity at the SAR arc and slightly south of this region as measured for the 18 December 1971 magnetic storm were correctly described by the model without perpendicular electric fields. Within this model framework the effect of the perpendicular electric field \sim100 mv m−1 with a duration \sim1 h on the SAR arc electron density profiles was found to be large. However, this effect is small if \sim1-2 h have passed after the electric field was set equal to zero. 相似文献
18.
本文给出了电离层中存在电离运动时的高频无线电波的多普勒频移的表达式,讨论了用高频多普勒阵研究电离层声重波扰动有关的若干电波传播问题。 相似文献
19.
Variations in the horizontal correlation radius of the ionosphere during a magnetospheric substorm 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
A change in the correlation radius of the ionosphere during the magnetospheric substorm of February 14, 2011, which is considered to be 500 km at midlatitudes, has been estimated. The vertical sounding (VS) data from the St. Petersburg and Sodankyla (Finland) observatories, as well as the data of oblique incidence sounding (OIS) at the Sodankyla-St. Petersburg path with a length of 790 km, have been analyzed. A specific feature of the experiment consisted in that the signals of a VS transmitter from Sodankyla were synchronously received at the receiving point on the OIS path in St. Petersburg. The OIS path reflection point is located at a distance of ～400 km from the VS reflection point. Ionograms typical of the VS and OIS signal reflection points in the ionosphere, the distance between which was slightly smaller than the correlation radius of the ionosphere (500 km), and the data of the Sodankyla and St. Petersburg ionosondes have been compared. It has been indicated that a horizontal correlation radius of 400 km can only be considered acceptable during three disturbance phases: the initial phase before the reconfiguration of the ionosphere; the explosion phase (the disturbance maximum), when only the sporadic Es layer is the reflecting ionospheric layer; and the recovery phase, when a disturbance already ceases and the ionosphere returns to its initial undisturbed state. During other disturbance phases, the correlation radius (if it exists) is much smaller than 400 km. 相似文献