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对钢筋混凝土（RC）柱在地震作用下的变形性能进行量化,本文从太平洋地震研究中心柱数据库中收集到123根RC柱抗震性能试验数据,提出基于参数剪跨比和弯剪比的RC柱破坏形态判别标准;在弯曲破坏、弯剪破坏、剪切破坏三种破坏形态下,研究了轴压比、剪跨比、配箍特征值等参数对位移角的显著性影响,通过回归分析归纳出三种破坏形态下屈服位移角和极限位移角的回归方程,回归系数显著性概率均小于0.05。结果表明:本文提出的RC柱破坏形态判别标准准确度高,适应性强;位移角线性回归方程具有合理性。 相似文献
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为验证 CFRP板条嵌入式加固方法对提升十字形 RC框架节点抗震性能的有效性,开展了1 个 CFRP板条嵌入式加固节点和1个对比节点的拟静力试验研究.试验结果表明:在核心区及相邻梁端嵌入 CFRP板条可起到类似箍筋的抗剪作用,使得节点由核心区剪切破坏转变为梁端受弯破坏,且梁铰得到转移;构件抗震性能明显提升,承载力和延性分别提高了16．3%和13．7%.同时, 利用 ABAQUS建立试验数据验证的有限元模型,并对节点主要加固设计参数进行影响分析.结果表明,节点承载力随着 CFRP板条面积的增大、板条间距的减小和基体混凝土强度的提高而提高.所提节点加固方法体现出塑性铰转移的抗震设计理念,同时提高核心区抗剪强度和梁端的抗弯强度,可用于 RC节点的抗震加固. 相似文献
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通过7根矩形截面钢筋混凝土框架柱试验,研究了不同加载角度时低周往复斜向水平荷载作用下,矩形截面框架柱双向受剪承载力的相关性、滞回曲线特性和延性系数。结果表明,低周往复斜向水平荷载作用下矩形截面框架柱的受剪承载力随加载角度的增大而减小;双向受剪承载力的相关关系可以近似用椭圆方程描述;滞回曲线在形状上与正向水平荷载作用下框架柱的滞回曲线并无明显差异;随着加载角度的增大,框架柱的延性系数有降低的趋势。低周往复斜向水平荷载作用下所有框架柱的破坏均为剪切脆性破坏,应加强其抗震设计。 相似文献
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汶川8.0级特大地震等震害调查结果显示,通常被认为其抗震设计问题已经解决且具有较强抗震能力的RC框架结构,却突出地表现出"强梁弱柱"、"薄弱层"、"短柱失效"等一系列超出抗震设计初衷的灾难性破坏形式。本文以汶川漩口中学倒塌的RC框架结构教学楼的典型震害为背景,通过典型双跨填充墙RC框架结构单元伪静力试验及框架结构模型地震模拟振动台对比试验,结合理论分析和数值模拟,研究了填充墙对RC框架结构破坏机理的作用机制,分析了现浇楼板对实现"强柱弱梁"破坏机制的影响规律,提出了可有效改善RC框架结构抗倒塌机制的技术措施及设计建议。论文主要完成了以下工作:(1)以汶川漩口中学倒塌的教学楼为原型,设计完成了考虑楼板及填充墙影响的4个1/2缩尺的单层两不等跨填充墙RC框架结构模型伪静力试验,研究了2类填充墙材料、3种布置方式对框架结构整体强度、刚度及延性的影响规律,揭示了填充墙及现浇楼板对框架结构不同地震破坏模式的作用机理。(2)基于填充墙RC框架结构伪静力试验结果,采用DIANA非线性有限元分析程序,实现了填充墙与框架间相互作用模拟;分析了填充墙与RC框架结构的相互作用机理,研究了填充墙对典型双不等跨RC框架结构破坏及倒塌模式的影响规律。(3)基于填充墙RC框架结构伪静力试验结果,结合理论分析及非线性有限元数值模拟,系统研究了填充墙RC框架结构中的"短柱"破坏机理。选取实际工程中常用的粘土砖、加气砌块、蒸压砖等3种砌体材料,定量研究了不同填充墙砌筑材料、墙-框界面刚度及填充墙布置高度对RC框架结构"短柱"破坏模式的影响规律,提出了可实现避免短柱破坏的理论判别公式及设计措施。(4)研究提出了可显著提升框架结构整体抗倒塌能力的现浇楼板四角与梁柱有限断开的抗震设计措施。按现行规范设计制作了2个2×2跨、1/5缩尺的4层填充墙RC框架结构模型,通过地震模拟振动台对比试验,验证了横向两不等跨RC框架结构中填充墙及现浇楼板对破坏模式的不利影响;通过振动台试验与伪静力试验及实际震害现象对比分析,揭示了现浇楼板以及填充墙对框架结构破坏模式的作用机理;通过两RC框架结构模型破坏模式对比试验及非线性数值模拟分析,进一步证实规范中试图提高柱端弯矩增大系数的设计方法并不能有效实现预期的"强柱弱梁"破坏机制,而现浇楼板四角与梁柱有限断开的措施可明显提高框架结构的整体抗震性能,有效延迟框架柱的破坏。 相似文献
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反复荷载下钢筋混凝土框架柱杭剪承载力分析 总被引：9，自引：6，他引：3
钢筋混凝土框架柱作为高层房屋建筑的主要承重构件,在历次地震中因框架脆性剪切破坏而造成结构严重损坏甚至倒塌的现象十分常见。本文通过分析有关试验资料,提出了钢筋混凝土框架柱塑性铰区剪切强度的计算公式及有关构造措施,以保证框架柱在一定延性条件下具有足够的抗剪强度,实现“强剪弱弯”的抗震设计原则,使抗震设计的框架结构具有足够的强度和良好的延性,以配合混凝土结构设计规范（ＧＢＪ１０－８９）的修订工作。本文的 相似文献
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钢筋混凝土框架柱的变形能力及基于性能的抗震设计方法 总被引：9，自引：5，他引：4
框架柱的变形能力主要取决于轴压比和约束箍筋用量,本文建立了柱塑性铰区配箍特征值λcv,轴压比n及塑性铰极限转动量θplc^u之间的函数关系,即λcv-n-θplc^u关系式,并与柱试验数据进行了对比,计算公式与试验结果在平均意义上吻合很好。文中推导了柱截面λcv-n-μcφ关系式,建立了配箍特征值λcv、轴压比n、柱曲率延性μcφ之间的关系。在本文公式的基础上,讨论了按现行抗震设计规范最小配箍要求的RC框架柱所达到的最大变形能力,同时指出规范的构造要求并不总满足特定的变形要求。文中提出了框架柱的性能设计方程,给出了框架柱在指定性能目标DI下基于性能的抗震设计方法的基本过程。 相似文献
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《世界地震工程》2015,(4)
梁端剪力增大系数是实现结构"强剪弱弯"的关键措施之一。分析了传统框架的梁端剪力增大系数,表明现浇楼板对框架梁端抗剪承载力的影响不可忽略,抗震规范给出的梁端剪力增大系数难以实现梁"强剪弱弯"的抗震要求,由此对框架梁侧楼板局部设缝,以消除楼板对框架梁端抗弯承载力的贡献。进而分析了该楼板局部设缝框架的梁端剪力增大系数,表明当框架底部实配钢筋αAs≤1.1βAs+0.1As时,即框架梁端底部实配钢筋面积不超过该处计算配筋面积的1.1倍与支座负弯矩配筋面积的0.1倍之和时,现行抗震规范给出的梁端剪力增大系数对于楼板局部设缝的框架可以实现"强剪弱弯"的要求,从而使梁弯曲破坏先于受剪破坏。 相似文献
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通过5根无箍筋和7根有箍筋矩形截面钢筋混凝土框架柱试验,研究加载角度不同时,低周往复斜向水平荷载作用下,矩形截面框架柱双向受剪的破坏机理和计算方法.结果表明,可以近似用椭圆方程描述无箍筋矩形截面框架柱双向受剪承载力的相关关系,并且框架柱截面长边和短边方向的箍筋应力彼此独立.根据上述分析,引入混凝土抗剪强度折减系数,计算低周往复水平荷载作用下矩形截面框架柱双向受剪承载力.试验值与计算结果的对比表明该公式可行,且具有95%以上的可靠性.同时,考虑受剪承载力抗震调整系数,给出了考虑地震作用时矩形截面框架柱双向受剪承载力建议的简化算法公式. 相似文献
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Seismic reliability functions of multistorey frame systems are expressed as values of Cornell's βindex in terms of two alternative measures of the earthquake intensity, normalized with respect to the yield displacement or to the deformation capacity of a simplified model of the global behaviour of the system obtained by pushover analysis. The safety margin is defined as the difference of the natural logarithms of the intensity that leads to collapse and that assumed to act on the system. The problem of defining a deformation capacity for a multistorey system is circumvented in this manner. The method proposed is illustrated through its application to several reinforced concrete rigid frames, including both column‐and‐beam and wall‐frame systems. Ground motion excitations are representative of those recorded at soft soil sites in the Valley of Mexico. A comparison is made of the reliability functions obtained on the basis of the gross section or the cracked section of reinforced concrete members. The results show that the reliability functions do not only depend on the expected values of the normalized intensity, but also on its dispersion, which is sensitive to the ratio of the fundamental period of the system to the dominant period of the ground motion. Some comments are presented about the establishment of reliability‐based seismic design criteria for generic systems. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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Yong Lu 《地震工程与结构动力学》2002,31(1):79-97
The wall–frame systems have many known advantages, namely increase of the system's lateral strength and stiffness thereby allowing for a good tangential inter‐storey drift control, and the retention of a satisfactory energy dissipation capacity. However, rocking of the wall could occur as a result of uplifting wall base or concentrated plastic hinge deformations. Problems arising from this phenomenon have significant impact on the system behaviour and hence require extended study. This paper focuses on the wall‐rocking phenomenon due to the concentrated plastic hinge rotation at the wall base. To facilitate a comprehensive evaluation, a six‐storey three‐bay RC wall–frame structure is investigated with comparison to a bare ductile frame by means of earthquake simulation tests. The results revealed that, despite a superior performance over the ductile frame under low to moderate seismic actions, the wall–frame structure deteriorated more rapidly than the bare frame during advanced inelastic response. The increasingly significant rocking of the wall resulted in severe material damage at localized critical regions. Mitigating the wall rocking is seen to be a key to the further improvement of the system performance, and the extent to which this may be achieved by incorporating the three‐dimensional effects is explicitly illustrated by an analytical evaluation. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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本文指出了最新的国际地球参考框架ITRF（International Terrestrial Reference Frame）2005已不能满足当今毫米级地球动态变化监测的需要.提出了利用ITRF2005、SBL/GGFC（Special Bureau for Loading/Global Geophysical Fluids Center）和GRACE（Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment）等卫星的最新成果,构建毫米级地球参考框架的方案,介绍了对其两个关键问题：地壳非线性运动特征∑RΔXiR(t)和地球质心运动ΔX0(t)的空间技术（GPS,VLBI,SLR和GRACE）监测和地球物理因素模制的方法和一些初步结果,并对目前建立和实现毫米级地球参考框架存在的问题和所能达到的精度进行了初步评估. 相似文献
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This article documents the analytical study and feasibility of placing a tuned mass damper in the form of a limber rooftop moment frame atop relatively stiff structures to reduce seismic acceleration response. Six existing structures were analytically studied using a suite of time history and response spectra records. The analyses indicate that adding mass in conjunction with a limber frame results in an increase in the fundamental period of each structure. The fundamental period increase generally results in a decrease in seismic acceleration response for the same time history and response spectra records. Owing to the limber nature of the rooftop frames, non‐linear analysis methods were required to evaluate the stability of the rooftop tuned mass damper frame. The results indicate the addition of a rooftop tuned mass damper frame reduces the seismic acceleration response for most cases although acceleration response can increase if the rooftop frame is not tuned to accommodate the specific structure's dynamic behaviour and localized soil conditions. Appropriate design of the rooftop tuned mass damper frame can result in decreased seismic acceleration response. This translates to safer structures if used as a retrofit measure or a more economical design if used for new construction. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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《Journal of Geodynamics》2006,41(4-5):363-374
One of the main objectives of the promising and challenging IAG project GGOS (Global Geodetic Observing System) is the availability of a global and accurate Terrestrial Reference Frame for Earth Science applications, particularly Earth Rotation, Gravity Field and geophysics. With the experience gained within the activities related to the International Terrestrial Reference System (ITRS) and its realization, the International Terrestrial Reference Frame (ITRF), the combination method proved its efficiency to establish a global frame benefiting from the strengths of the various space geodetic techniques and, in the same time, underlining their biases and weaknesses. In this paper we focus on the limitation factors inherent to each individual technique and to the combination, such as the current status of the observing networks, distribution of the co-location sites and their quality and accuracy of the combined frame parameters. Results of some TRF and EOP simultaneous combinations using CATREF software will be used to illustrate the current achievement and to help drawing up future goals and improvements in the GGOS framework. Beyond these technical aspects, the overall visibility and acceptance of ITRS/ITRF as international standard for science and applications is also discussed. 相似文献
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钢筋混凝土框架结构全过程pushover分析 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：6
以往采用杆系模型对钢筋混凝土结构进行pushover分析时，杆端塑性铰所采用的力一变形关系模型中特征参数的计算是基于杆件的原始尺寸，且对变形的极限值(如极限曲率)没有加以限制，这种本构模型并不能完整地体现构件的受力全过程。本文首先采用数值计算方法分析了钢筋混凝土压弯构件保护层混凝土剥落后强度的变化以及箍筋约束作用对其强度和延性的影响。在此基础上，以一个预应力混凝土框架结构为例进行了全过程pushover分析。算例分析结果表明，这种分析方法能够更合理地反映结构从加载到破坏的整个受力过程。 相似文献
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Terrestrial reference frame requirements within GGOS perspective 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
One of the main objectives of the promising and challenging IAG project GGOS (Global Geodetic Observing System) is the availability of a global and accurate Terrestrial Reference Frame for Earth Science applications, particularly Earth Rotation, Gravity Field and geophysics. With the experience gained within the activities related to the International Terrestrial Reference System (ITRS) and its realization, the International Terrestrial Reference Frame (ITRF), the combination method proved its efficiency to establish a global frame benefiting from the strengths of the various space geodetic techniques and, in the same time, underlining their biases and weaknesses. In this paper we focus on the limitation factors inherent to each individual technique and to the combination, such as the current status of the observing networks, distribution of the co-location sites and their quality and accuracy of the combined frame parameters. Results of some TRF and EOP simultaneous combinations using CATREF software will be used to illustrate the current achievement and to help drawing up future goals and improvements in the GGOS framework. Beyond these technical aspects, the overall visibility and acceptance of ITRS/ITRF as international standard for science and applications is also discussed. 相似文献
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基于地震易损性的框架结构的优化方法 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
给出了一种框架结构地震易损性优化的准则算法．根据优化准则构造了一种修改设计变量的格式,提出了设计方案可行性调整的方法并推导了计算公式,给出了优化算法的计算步骤,并通过一个算例阐述了这种算法的应用。 相似文献
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根据跃廊式户型,提出悬挂式巨型钢框架住宅。为研究该住宅体系的结构性能,建立三维有限元模型,考虑几何非线性,分别进行了竖向静载分析、水平风载分析、模态分析、反应谱分析和地震动时程分析,并着重考察了时程分析与反应谱分析的比较,以及不同场地类别的影响。结果表明悬挂式巨型钢框架侧移曲线总体呈剪切型;地震动作用下,悬挂结构与主体结构的地震响应存在时间差;时程分析结果的统计值与反应谱分析结果吻合较好。 相似文献