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2016年1月21日,青海省门源县发生Ms6.4级地震。不同机构、学者依据不同方法和资料计算得到该地震的震源机制解,由于采用的方法和选择的资料不同,所求解的震源机制解存在着一定的差别。为了在多个震源机制解中确定一个震源机制解进行后续分析,采用最小空间旋转角表达了2个震源机制的差别,将待定震源机制与所有震源机制的最小空间旋转角的平方和作为目标函数,并且采用Levenberg-Marquardt方法求解,使其与所有收集的震源机制解的差别的平方最小,这些震源机制结果就是多个震源机制解的中心解,同时给出标准差,选取标准差最小的中心解作为最终结果。根据这种方法,已知多个该地震的震源机制中确定中心解,从而对其他诸如应力触发、地球动力学分析等提供后续分析。 相似文献
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Snoke震源机制求解方法应用研究 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
通过2003年青海德令哈M_L 6.7地震序列的主震和3个不同震级的余震震源机制解测定实例,展示了Snoke(2003)震源机制求解方法的应用过程和结果,提出了应用该方法需注意的问题。将同时利用了P波和S波初动方向及振幅比数据的测定结果与仅用P波初动方向数据的结果作了对比研究,说明仅用P波初动方向常常不能有效约束震源机制解,而Snoke方法增加使1用的SH波和SV波的初动方向以及SH波、SV波与P波的观测振幅比数据,使解答得到了更有效的约束,提高了解答的可信度。本试验研究说明,基于区域性的宽频带数字地震记录,利用Snoke震源机制求解方法,有可能测定出比较可靠的中、小地震的震源机制解。 相似文献
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《地球物理学进展》2017,(5)
本文采用CAP方法反演了2011年两次岷县中等地震的震源机制解,首先讨论了方位角对反演结果的影响,通过对不同方位角组合的比较,得到的结果比较稳定,进一步得出两次地震的震源机制解.然后,采用自助抽样(bootstrap)方法,基于CAP方法进行多次重复反演,得到岷县两次中等地震事件的大样本量震源机制解数据.基于这些大样本数据,以Kagan角为目标函数,利用粒子群非线性优化方法搜索震源机制解的优化解,并估计了震源机制解的误差范围,M_S4.0、M_S4.5的误差分别为6.0°和18.3°.结果分析表明,CAP结果与得到的优化解基本接近,其误差在可接受的误差范围内. 相似文献
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《四川地震》2016,(1)
2011年4月10日四川省炉霍县发生了Ms5.3级地震,利用这次地震的观测数据,采用了CAP、TDMT-INVC和Snoke三种方法,研究不同解算方法得到的此次地震震源机制解结果。结果显示:(1)三种方法计算出的震源机制解参数基本一致,说明三种方法求解结果是稳定、可靠的。(2)计算得到的地震矩震级Mw为5.2;节面I的参数为:走向45°,倾角84°,滑动角-160°;节面Ⅱ的参数为:走向313°,倾角70°,滑动角-6°;P轴方位角271°,仰角18°;T轴方位角177°,仰角10°;发震断层属于走滑型略兼正倾滑分量性质。(3)最佳拟合震源深度为11 km,与该区域的优势发震层位深度比较一致。(4)该次地震震源机制解节面II参数与震中附近鲜水河断裂带的产状较为相同,主压应力方向与区域应力方向也比较一致,这些说明此次地震是鲜水河断裂左旋走滑错动的结果。 相似文献
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2017年8月8日四川九寨沟县发生M_S7.0地震。根据中国地震台网固定台站的记录波形,利用gCAP方法和P波初动符号反演方法求解了主震的震源机制解,其结果与哈佛CMT震源机制解、美国地质勘探局发布的震源机制以及中国地震局发布的各震源机制解有很好的一致性。此外,还求解了九寨沟地震震中附近2010—2016年间28次小震的震源机制解,利用得到的小震震源机制解反演了该区域的构造应力场。结果表明,这一区域构造应力场的最大应力轴与最小应力轴均为水平方向,其中最大应力轴方向为NWW方向,最小应力轴方向为SSW方向。 相似文献
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基于震源断层面解的空间取向和断层滑动方向，写出相应力轴张量在地理坐标系中的表达式，进而给出计算平均力轴张量及主值的方法，即通过求解相应的本征方程得到. 对使用多个震源机制解的T，B，P轴参数计算平均应力场的方法，以用滑动方向拟合法反演富蕴、唐山地区平均应力场数据进行验证，二者结果一致. 选择具有地震构造意义的地块或地震带内大量地震的震源机制解研究区域平均应力场. 根据川滇13个地震带（区）的256次中强地震的震源机制解，给出了各带（区）应力张量的定量分析结果. 该方法算法简便，使由大量地震震源机制解资料分析构造应力场的方法走向定量化. 相似文献
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中国地震台网中心与美国哈佛大学快速震源机制解的对比 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
收集了2004～2006年中国地震台网中心(CENC)和美国哈佛大学(HRV)对同一地震快速震源机制解的测定结果.比较两个机构不同测定结果的地震震源机制类型;比较两者矩震级结果;计算同一地震不同反演结果的P轴、T轴空间取向差别.比较结果表明,除了少数地震的震源机制类型存在明显差别,震源机制类型一致的事件占总数的63%,中国地震台网中心测定的矩震级比美国哈佛大学测定结果偏小,平均偏差约为0.35.两个机构不同测定结果的P轴、T轴空间夹角分布较分散,在大约30°附近分布频度较大,这可能代表两个机构对同一地震测定震源机制解的一致性参数. 相似文献
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《国际泥沙研究》2014,(4)
正Director:Shangfu Kuang,China Vice-directors:Chunhong Hu,China Duihu Ning,China Guangquan Liu,China The International Research and Training Center on Erosion and Sedimentation(IRTCES)was jointly set up by the Government of China and UNESCO on July 21,1984.It aims at the promotion of international exchange of knowledge and cooperation in the studies of erosion and 相似文献
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《中国科学:地球科学(英文版)》2014,(3)
正SCIENCE CHINA Earth Sciences,an academic journal cosponsored by the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the National Natural Science Foundation of China,and published by Science China Press and Springer,is committed to publishing high-quality,original results in both basic and applied research. 相似文献
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Richard D. Hey 《地球表面变化过程与地形》1979,4(1):59-72
Feedback mechanisms, which operate upstream through drawdown and backwater effects and downstream through sediment discharge are responsible for channel evolution. By combining these mechanisms with channel processes it euables a dynamic process-response model to be developed to simulate the initial evolution of straight gravel-bed channels. When erosion commences on a land surface, sediment entrained in the headwater reach by hydraulic action is selectively transported, deposited and reworked. This produces a damped oscillation between degradation and aggradation as the channel and valley respond to spatial and temporal variations in sediment calibre and hydraulic conditions. The initial cut and fill phases are responsible for valley incision and floodplain development while secondary and subsequent activity can produce river terraces. Eventually sediment entrainment in the headwaters declines as slopes are reduced. Subsequent channel evolution is relatively insignificant because it is dependent on local weathering activity producing material that can be transported on declining slopes. Therefore landforms produced during the initial phase of development, when local weathering was non-limiting, dominate the landscape. 相似文献
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Based on relocating the Jiujiang-Ruichang earthquake sequence which occurred on November 26, 2005 in Jiangxi Province with the double-difference （DD） algorithm and master event technique, the paper discusses the focal mechanism of the main shock （MsS.7） and the probable seismo-tectonics. The precise relocation results indicate that the average horizontal error is 0.31kin in a EW direction and 0.40kin in a NS direction, and the average depth error is 0.48kin. The focal depths vary from 8kin to 14kin, with the predominant distribution at 10kin - 12kin. The epicenter of the main shock is relocated to be 29.69^oN, 115.74^oE and the focal depth is about 10.Skin. Combining the predominant distribution of the earthquake sequence, the focal mechanism of the main shock and the tectonic conditions of N-E- and NW-strike faults growth in the seismic region, we infer that the main shock of the earthquake sequence was caused by a NW striking buried fault in the Rnichang basin. The nature of seismic faults needs to be further explored. 相似文献
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《水文科学杂志》2013,58(6)
Abstract The western reservoirs represent the principal groundwater system in Morocco. Demographic, industrial and agricultural developments during the last decade have markedly altered groundwater quality. The Mamora coastal aquifer system is among the Atlantic systems which are most heavily threatened by pollution. Agricultural and industrial activities, and rapid urban growth contribute to the pollution of the groundwater. Contamination transport is facilitated by a high permeability of the aquifer formations. In order to assess the actual groundwater quality of the Mamora aquifer and to understand the influence of the factors generating the pollution, an extensive multidisciplinary research programme is in progress, with hydrochemistry and microbiology playing essential roles. The present paper concerns the spatial distribution of physico-chemical parameters in the groundwater, subjected to domestic, industrial and agricultural pollution. Fifty-seven samples were analysed for several parameters (Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, Cl?, SO4 2?, HCO3 ?, NO3 ?, pH, electrical conductivity and temperature). The microbiological analysis of 143 samples reveals the presence of four kinds of indicator bacteria in the groundwater resources: faecal Streptococci, faecal coliform, Escherichia coli and Clostridium. The physico-chemical results and bacteriological monitoring show that the nitrate and bacteria concentrations exceed the maximum admissible levels, notably around pumping stations in the sectors of Sidi Taibi, Sidi Ahmed Taleb and Aïn Sbaâ. Contamination is generated by uncontrolled anthropogenic activities and accentuated by the high intrinsic vulnerability of the aquifer system. Several parameters appeared to exceed admissibility standards. Measures are recommended to prevent groundwater pollution in the region. 相似文献
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K.-G. Malle 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》1992,20(4):196-204
Zinc in the Environment. In 1990 the world production of zinc ammounted to 7 Mio. metric tons. The main areas of application were: galvanization, alloys like brass and zinc metal. The content in the earth crust varies between 10–300 ppm zinc with a mean of 70 ppm. Uncontaminated surface waters contain less than 10 mg/m3 zinc. Apart from civilization air contains 1–10 ng zinc per m3. These background concentrations are exceeded by orders of magnitude in zinc deposit areas and where anthropogenic influences predominate. Accumulation can occur in sediments and sewage sludge. Molluscs and Algae also accumulate zinc. Zinc is essential for live. With normal food the zinc supply of man is just sufficient. Bioaccumulation of zinc towards man or chronic oversupply of man is not known. Zinc has no teratogenic or mutagenic effects, a suspicion on a carcinogenic effect proved wrong. In stockbreeding and plant cultivation a minimum supply of zinc is necessary. Plants are relatively less sensitive against higher soil contents of zinc. Considering the toxicological and ecotoxicological effects of zinc in the environment, the critical organismens are marine invertebratae like tubifex, daphnia, gammarus and algae. But normally only a minor part of the total zinc contest is biologically available, depending on salt content and pH of the waters. 相似文献