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1.
Introduction With rapid development of national economy, urbanization has been speeded up in China, and several city groups or city belts with extra-large cities as their centers have been formed. For example, Pearl River Delta urbanized area surrounds Guangzhou City, Shenzhen City, Zhuhai City; Yangtze River Delta urbanized area surrounds Shanghai City, Suzhou City, Wuxi City, Nanjing City, Hangzhou City; Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan urbanized area surrounds Beijing City, Tianjin City… 相似文献
2.
Introduction With rapid development and advancement of economy and society, lots of city groups or city belts with ex-tra-large cities as their centers have been formed in China. The regions these city groups lie in usually have well-developed economy, dense population, and are regional politics and culture centers. Some groups lie in the regions with high level of earthquake activity, such as the Surrounding Capital City Group with the centers of Bei-jing and Tianjin. Once a large earthqua… 相似文献
3.
Ma Hongsheng 《中国地震研究》2006,20(3):232-243
INTRODUCTIONThe active blocks refer tothe geologic units that formedinlate Cenozoic (100 ~120 ka BP) andhave been highly active as fault zones since late Quaternary with relatively uniform motion styles(Zhang Guomin,et al .,2000 ;Zhang Peizhen,et al .,2003) .The active blocks are relativelyintactand have uniformmotion modalities ,their boundary zones (also called the active boundaries) are thelocalized or centralized zones of interactions and differential movement among the active block… 相似文献
4.
Based on the lateral segmentation and vertical stratification characteristics of the crustal medium in Sichuan-Yunnan region,and the asymmetry of the static dislocations on the coseismic fault plane of the Wenchuan M_S8. 0 earthquake,we built a three-dimensional viscoelastic finite element model of the crust in the Sichuan-Yunnan region. The postseismic impact of the Wenchuan M_S8. 0 earthquake on the Sichuan-Yunnan region was studied.The results show that:① The far-field horizontal deformation caused by the viscoelastic relaxation of the medium in the 10 years after the earthquake is about 0-20 mm within the Sichuan-Yunnan diamond-shaped block,which has a greater influence on north side and smaller on south side.② In the 10 years after the earthquake,the far-field vertical deformation caused by the viscoelastic relaxation effect of the medium is small,and it shows an increase of about 0-4 mm in most areas of the Sichuan-Yunnan diamond-shaped block.③ The Xianshuihe fault and the eastern segment of the East Kunlun fault,which are close to the seismogenic fault,show a high gradient on deformation fields after the earthquake.④ In order to compare with the strong earthquake activity in the SichuanYunnan region after the Wenchuan earthquake, the horizontal stress state and the Coulomb failure stress change of the active block boundary are also calculated. From the spatial distribution of the coseismic and postseismic displacement field,the fault activity characteristics reflected by the stress state and the stress loading of the fault layer reflected by the Coulomb failure stress change,there is a certain correlation with the spatial distribution of strong earthquake activity in this region. 相似文献
5.
The development of seismic wave study in China in the past four years is reviewed. The discussion is divided into several aspects, including seismic wave propagation in laterally homogeneous media, laterally heterogeneous me-dia, anisotropie and porous media, surface wave and seismic wave inversion, and seismic wave study in prospect-ing and logging problems. Important projects in the current studies on seismic wave is suggested as the develop-ment of high efficient numerical methods, and applying them to the studies of excitation and propagation of seis-mic waves in complex media and strong ground motion, which will form a foundation for refined earthquake haz-ard analysis and prediction. 相似文献
6.
The deep learning method has made nurnerials achievements regarding anomaly detection in the field of time series. We introduce the speech production model in the field of artificial intelligence, changing the convolution layer of the general convolution neural network to the residual element structure by adding identity mapping, and expanding the receptive domain of the model by using the dilated causal convolution. Based on the dilated causal convolution network and the method of log probability density function, the anomalous events are detected according to the anomaly scores. The validity of the method is verified by the simulation data, which is applied to the actual observed data on the observation staion of Pingliang geoeletric field in Gansu Province. The results show that one month before the Wenchuan MS8.0, Lushan MS7.0 and Minxian-Zhangxian MS6.6 earthquakes, the daily cumulative error of log probability density of the predicted results in Pingliang Station suddenly decreases, which is consistent with the actual earthquake anomalies in a certain time range. After analyzing the combined factors including the spatial electromagnetic environment and the variation of micro fissures before the earthquake, we explain the possible causes of the anomalies in the geoelectric field of before the earthquake. The successful application of deep learning in observed data of the geoelectric field may behefit for improving the ultilization rate both the data and the efficiency of detection. Besides, it may provide technical support for more seismic research. 相似文献
7.
During the period of 1999-2002, the Chinese seismologists made a serious of developments in the study on seis-mic sources including observations, experiments and theory. In the field of observation, the methods of the accu-racy location of earthquake sources, the inversion of seismic moment tensor and the mechanism of earthquake source are improved and developed. A lot of important earthquake events are studied by using these methods. The rupture processes of these events are inverted and investigated combined with the local stress fields and the tec-tonic moment by using the measurements of surface deformation. In the fields of experiments and theory, many developments are obtained in cause of seismic formation, condition of stress and tectonics, dynamics of earthquake rupture, rock fracture and nucleation of strong earthquakes. 相似文献
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Based on the requirement of seismic reinforcement of bridge foundation on slope in the Chengdu-Lanzhou railway project, a shaking table model test of anti-slide pile protecting bridge foundation in landslide section is designed and completed. By applying Wenchuan seismic waves with different acceleration peaks, the stress and deformation characteristics of bridge pile foundation and anti-slide pile are analyzed, and the failure mode is discussed. Results show that the dynamic response of bridge pile and anti-slide pile are affected by the peak value of seismic acceleration of earthquake, with which the stress and deformation of the structure increase. The maximum dynamic earth pressure and the moment of anti-slide piles are located near the sliding surface, while that of bridge piles are located at the top of the pile. Based on the dynamic response of structure, local reinforcement needs to be carried out to meet the requirement of the seismic design. The PGA amplification factor of the surface is greater than the inside, and it decreases with the increase of the input seismic acceleration peak. When the slope failure occurs, the tension cracks are mainly produced in the shallow sliding zone and the coarse particles at the foot of the slope are accumulated. 相似文献
9.
Sorption between nanoparticles(NPs)and minerals may critically affect the migration of associated elements as well as the environmental impact of NPs.Since illite is widely present in soil,sediment,and water,we have experimentally investigated the sorption behavior of citrate-coated gold nanoparticles(AuNPs)as model NPs on illite under different pH and mineral mass conditions.We demonstrated that sorption of these negatively charged AuNPs strongly depended on the suspension pH.At pH above 8,which coincided with the apparent point of zero charge(pH 7.9)of our illite sample,only marginal sorption of AuNPs was observed.At pH 3-8,significant sorption of AuNPs on illite was found,with almost complete sorption occurring at more acidic conditions(pH 3-4).TEM observations revealed that sorption took place through the attachment AuNPs on illite edges.At pH 2,AuNPs mostly formed chain-like fused structures and precipitated out of the suspension.Based upon the above pH dependence,residual organic ligand content after sorption,and complementary sorption results with positively charged AuNPs,we conclude that the sorption process is mainly driven by the electrostatic attraction between negatively charged AuNPs and positively charged illite edges,with possible competitive involvement of citrate molecules.We expect that our findings will improve our understanding of NP-mineral interaction and the environmental fate of NPs. 相似文献
10.
《地震学报(英文版)》1998,(4)
Ｒｅｓｅａｒｃｈｏｎｐｒｏｂａｂｉｌｉｔｙｏｆｓｅｉｓｍｉｃｃｒｉｔｉｃａｌｉｎｓｔａｂｉｌｉｔｙｏｎｂａｓｉｓｏｆ＇＇ｆｒａｃｔｕｒｅｃｏｌｌｕｓｉｏｎ＇＇ｍｏｄｅｌＳＨＩ－ＹＯＮＧＺＨＯＵ１）（周仕勇）,ＬＩＮＧ－ＲＥＮＺＨＵ１）（朱令人）,ＭＡ... 相似文献
11.
A trapezoid valley site is chosen as a research site, and according to numerical models based on orthogonal design, the factors influencing ground motion in the valley site are studied with two-dimensional finite difference method. The influencing factors are ranked, and then the calculation results are verified by ground motion analysis. The conclusions are as follows: there are four factors that have important effects on ground motion of trapezoid valley sites, but the effects are different as the location of sites changes, the influencing factors rank differently with different site locations;The ranking of the influencing factors is the same for all the sites located within a distance of 40m from the valley''s side, among them, the most effective one is the valley slope angle ranks,followed by depth-to-width ratio, overburden thickness, at last the input ground motion intensity. The impact of the factors on surface ground motion is roughly the same in the valley sites within a certain distance to the valley side,and the geometric parameters of the valley terrain play a greater part in influencing ground motion. With the increase of distance away from the valley''s side, the ranking of the influencing factors also changes, the rating of slope angle moves backward, the ranking of the input ground motion and overburden thickness move ahead. The effect of valley geometric parameters on ground motions is gradually weakened, but the effect of other two influence factors are gradually increased, similar to cases of a horizontal layered site. Strong motion records in Anning River valley site were analyzed,and the results show that the valley topography has a significant amplification effect on ground motion, and that the numerical results of this paper are credible. 相似文献
12.
The pedestrian-induced lateral vibration of footbridges is essentially classified as a nonlinear stochastic vibration. Accordingly, bridge vibration stability falls within the field of nonlinear stochastic vibration stability. At present, the Lyapunov method is mainly used to analyze such stability. However, this method is qualitative, and it cannot quantitatively analyze the vibration stability probability. In this study, a new analytical method based on a comparison of the input energy and the variation of intrinsic energy(IEVIE) is used to analyze the nonlinear stochastic vibration stability of the lateral vibration of the footbridge. The improved Nakamura model is used to describe the lateral nonlinear stochastic vibration of the footbridge. A combination of the IEVIE method and the probability density evolution(PDE) method is then proposed, in which the IEVIE method is utilized to determine vibration stability. The PDE method is used to obtain the reliability of vibration stability. The proposed method is successfully applied to the Millennium Bridge, and its effectiveness is verified by comparing the Monte Carlo and Lyapunov methods. The proposed method can obtain the dynamic probability of the vibration as stable or instable and provide a reference for quantitative analysis of lateral nonlinear stochastic vibration stability of footbridges. 相似文献
13.
IntroductionEarthquake location is one of the inverse problems in seismology. The accurate earthquake source location is the basis of studies of earthquake images, the relation analysis between seismicity and tectonics, and the important parameters of earthquakes. It is also the basic data used to study the space distribution of aftershocks after a strong earthquake. The earthquake location accuracy mainly depends on reliability of the velocity models for the earth(s crust, the reasonable desi… 相似文献
14.
Introduction Earthquakes are excited by dislocations of rocks, which are generated once the stresses on two sides of rocks accumulate to a certain extent. Numerical simulations and rock mechanics ex-periments are two important avenues to explore the rupture processes of seismic faults. Several methods are widely used in numerical simulations, such as the boundary element method (BEM), (Das and Aki, 1977; Fukuyama and Madariaga, 1995, 1998), the finite difference method (FDM), (Madariaga, 1… 相似文献
15.
IntroductionSince the magnitude-frequency relation (1)being proposed and applied to the research of global seismicity by Gutenberg and Richter (1944, 1954), it has been widely used in the practice of seismic hazard prediction and of the research of seismic activity in different tectonic regions of the world ((1) is normally known as the G-R law).While with the increase of observational data of events, much researches show that though (1) can fit data well for events with middle value of magn… 相似文献
16.
Research on seismic stress triggering 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
Introduction What is called seismic stress triggering refers to that stress change tensor produced by previous earthquake projected on the fault plane and slip direction of subsequent earthquakes, taking into account normal stress, pore pressure and friction coefficient, and Coulomb failure stress change DCFS can be obtained. If the direction of Coulomb failure stress changes are consistent with slip direction of subsequent seismic mechanism, e.g., Coulomb failure stress changes are positive… 相似文献
17.
ＰｈｙｓｉｃａｌｂａｃｋｇｒｏｕｎｄｏｎｅｓｔｉｍａｔｉｎｇｂｖａｌｕｅＷＥＩＱＩＯＮＧＨＵＡＮＧ（黄玮琼）ＷＥＮＸＩＡＮＧＬＩ（李文香）ＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅｏｆＧｅｏｐｈｙｓｉｃｓ，ＳｔａｔｅＳｅｉｓｍｏｌｏｇｉｃａｌＢｕｒｅａｕ，Ｂｅｉｊｉｎ... 相似文献
18.
The tectonic movement at human scale has not been fully understood yet, especially for active tectonics, although it is the basis to study natural hazards and environmental variations. Many national and international scientific plans related closely to active tectonics research have been made in the past ten years. This paper briefly summarized the background of the undertaking of active tectonics research, its advances and existing problems, and the key points in its future studies are also pointed out. The emerging of new technologies like the Earth Observing Sys tem, Digital Seismology and so on provides unusual opportunities for tectonic research. It is emphasized, however, that careful analyses and building up of new theoretical frame are sill the key problems for studies of active tectonics, especially for active tectonics in China‘ s conti nent. 相似文献
19.
Shaking Table Test Study on Dynamic Characteristics of Bridge Foundation Reinforcement on Slopes 总被引：3，自引：3，他引：0
With the fast development of bridge construction in mountainous and seismic areas, it is necessary to conduct related research. Based on the design of a shaking table model test, here are the following test results:the filtering effect exists in soil and is affected by the dynamic constraint conditions, the amplitude is strengthened around the natural frequency and weakened in other frequency bands in the Fourier spectrum. Since the acceleration scaling effect occurred on a sloped surface, the acceleration response decreases from the outside to the inside in soil. The dynamic response is relatively strong near the slip surface in bedrock due to the reflection of seismic waves. The failure mode of landslide is decided by the slope angle and slipping mass distribution, and the test shows the front row stabilizing piles should keep a proper distance from bridge foundation so that seismic resistance can be guaranteed for the bridge foundation. 相似文献
20.
王六桥 《地震学报(英文版)》1997,(1)
ＰｒｅｌｉｍｉｎａｒｙｄｉｓｃｕｓｉｏｎｏｎｅａｒｔｈｑｕａｋｅｐｒｅｄｉｃｔｉｏｎｒｅｓｅａｒｃｈＷｈｅｔｈｅｒｉｔｒｅｌｉｅｓｏｎｅｘｐｅｒｉｅｎｃｅｏｒｄｅｔｅｒｍｉｎａｃｙＬＩＵＱＩＡＯＷＡＮＧ（王六桥）ＳｅｉｓｍｏｌｏｇｉｃａｌＢｕ... 相似文献