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分析1993年以来荣昌及周边地区地震活动与深井注水的关系。对2008年以前注水井位置、注水量与地震活动进行对比,对2008年以后地震进行重新定位,统计地震空间分布,探寻其与深井注水的关系,并对注水量与地震频度进行相关分析。研究认为,深井注水初期对地震活动影响较大,之后有所减小,可见地震活动主要受地质构造控制。 相似文献
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2008年以来荣昌地区地震重新定位及地震丛集原因初探 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过对荣昌地区地震重新定位,结合当地注水资料,对该地区2008年以来地震丛集的原因进行初步研究.收集了2007～2011年6月间荣昌台记录的131个远震,计算了这些地震的接收函数,用H-Kappa叠加方法得到台站下方及附近的莫霍面深度,并用线性反演方法反演了该区S波速度结构.利用接收函数反演得到的速度结构,采用双差定位方法对荣昌及其邻区2008 ～2011年8月间ML≥1.0地震进行了重新定位,得到了408个地震的精确位置.重定位结果显示地震的水平震中分布与华蓥山断裂走向一致,另外在通过2010年M4.7地震震中且垂直于华蓥山断裂的剖面中,地震分布所勾画的发震断层轮廓显示地震的发震断层倾向为SE,倾角约70°左右,这与华蓥山断裂的产状(50°∠75°)较为一致.分析了注水点与地震分布的空间关系及注水量与地震频度的关系,认为注水井位置距离2008年以来的几次4级地震震中较远,震源深度主要分布在6 ～ 7km,且注水量与地震频度的对应关系不显著,地震丛集性原因尚待更多研究. 相似文献
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四川长宁盐矿井注水诱发地震研究 总被引：5，自引：2，他引：3
根据现场调查资料、矿区地质构造资料和数字地震记录,研究了四川长宁盐矿井注水诱发的地震活动.研究发现,2006年4月前矿井注水与出水量相当,地震活动平稳;之后注水量远超过出水量,在注水量和出水量相差较大时,浅层中小地震频次急剧增加.长时间的大量注水可能渗入先存的长宁背斜内的小断裂及微裂缝带,加速附近区域微构造地层的破裂,引发了小震群活动.利用数字地震波形资料计算的Q值显示该地区地下介质较不均匀;小震精定位结果显示震源深度较浅,主要分布在2～3km;震源机制解表明,浅层地震呈正倾滑特征.这些都表现出矿井注水诱发地震活动的某些特征. 相似文献
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重庆及邻区地震精定位及活动性分析 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
采用Hypo2000定位法及双差定位法,对2009 年 1 月至 2018 年 10 月重庆及邻区的地震进行精定位,对不同方法所得结果进行对比,进而研究重庆及邻区地震活动性。重定位后,走时残差基本小于0.3 s,震中在平面方向沿断裂展布形态有所收敛,震源深度主要分布在4—10 km,故该区地震多为浅源地震。荣昌、巫山地区地震活动与人类活动间有一定相关性,北碚、石柱、武隆、巫溪、綦江地区地震震中多分布在断裂附近,受地质构造控制明显。 相似文献
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本文在研究任丘油田地质构造的基础上,讨论了注水诱发地震活动特点和今后趋势。诱发地震与断裂构造、地层岩性及油田水文地质条件有密切关系,分布于特定的地质构造部位。 相似文献
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基于2007年1月～2010年8月自贡地方数字测震台网和流动台站记录的地震观测报告,对自贡-隆昌地区开展了地震精定位和速度结构反演两方面的研究工作,并结合研究区地震活动时间序列及注水井(家33井)的加压数据,探讨了注水区域及邻区地震震源深度分布、P波速度结构特征及其与家33井加压注水的关系。定位结果显示:地震的空间丛集性更加明显,集中分布在自贡(A区)、富顺-隆昌交界(B区)及隆昌(C区)等3个区域。其中距家33井西侧约20km的A区地震呈NNE向长轴展布,震源深度主要分布在5～15km;B、C区域内的地震则沿NW向长轴展布,家33井所在的B区绝大多数地震的震源深度在2～6km,即家33井的注水层位附近,呈现由NW至SE的铲形特征,并逐渐变深;位于家33井东南方向约15km的C区,地震震源深度相对B区较深,优势深度在8～15km。分析认为,A区地震活动与家33井加压注水无关,而B、C区域的地震活动却明显受到加压注水的影响。P波速度结构显示:在3km深的注水层位附近,区域B、A之间形成了1条近NS走向的高、低波速过渡带,B区地壳介质的P波速度明显高于A区,其原因是家33井出现容腔饱和,使该区地下介质具有较高含水饱和度引起的。 相似文献
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自1988年7月起,有关部门在位于中国西南部的重庆荣昌天然气田以2．1～2．9MPa的泵送压力间歇性地向2．6～2．9kin的深度注入了超过100万立方米的采气废水。截止到2006年底,这项注水工作已诱发了超过32000次地表记录到的地震,包括2次ML≥5．0的地震,14次ML≥4．0的地震,及超过100次ML≥3．0的地震。我们对该地震序列的传染型余震序列（简称ETAS）模型及地震活动的一些统计参数的时间演化进行了统计分析。传染型余震序列模型中的随机成分可被视为流体驱动的地震活动的指标,而大森定律型余震的发生率则表示了地震本身的应力触发。我们观测到注水以来地震的活动可划分为3个不同阶段,与注水的不同时期相对应。第一阶段对应于低速率（长时间间隔）的注水初期,绝大多数地震为大森型地震,只有8％是因外部因素（即注水）所致。第二阶段对应于高速率注水时期,具有地震活动度高,而且有相当比例（45％）的地震活动与流体作用有关的特点。第三阶段注水速率的降低直接导致地震活动下降;有超过70％的地震为随机发生,表明了外部触发起主导作用。荣昌诱发地震序列的物理机制是伴随深井注水的孔隙压力扩散作用和先前地震本身引起的库仑破裂应力变化联合作用的结果。深井注水引起的2．1～2．9MPa的孔隙压力增加,足以引起当地地层破裂而发生地震。 相似文献
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《地球物理学进展》2016,(1)
大量研究表明,石油、天然气等能源开采过程中的高压注水活动可以诱发有感、甚至破环性地震.本文首先调研了注水诱发地震研究的历史,并回顾了注水诱发地震研究中常用方法,进而对国内外三个典型注水诱发地震案例进行具体介绍.最后对注水诱发地震研究进行展望,认为丰富的观测资料,包括密集流动台阵的注水地震活动观测、注水活动规律、区域地质构造背景等,是注水诱发地震研究的基础;地震学、大地测量学、地质学以及地下水等学科联合研究是注水诱发地震研究的发展趋势.高压注水诱发地震的研究目的为,通过诱发地震的检测与研究,试图探索适当的注水速率过程,从而在不显著影响生产效率的同时,降低引发破坏性的地震灾害. 相似文献
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Based on data collected from a temporal seismic network, and in addition to the data from some nearby permanent stations, we investigate the velocity structure and seismicity in the Rongchang gas field, where significant injection-induced seismicity has been identified. First, we use receiver functions from distant earthquakes to invert detailed 1-D velocity structures beneath typical stations. Then, we use the double-difference hypocenter location method to re-locate earthquakes of the 2010 ML5.1 earthquake sequence that occurred in the region. The re-located hypocenters show that the 2010 ML5.1 earthquake sequence was distributed in a small area surrounding major injection wells and clustered mostly along pre-existing faults. Major earthquakes show a focal depth less than 5km with a dominant depth of ～2km, a depth of major reservoirs and injection wells. We thus conclude that the 2010 ML 5.1 earthquake sequence might have been induced by the deep well injection of unwanted water at a depth ～3km in the Rongchang gas field. 相似文献
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Based on the seismic data collected from regional permanent stations and 6 temporal stations, we analyzed the seismic activity from October 2008 to July 2011 in Rongchang area. On the basis of HypoDD relocated results, we used Match&Locate method to detect and located the micro-earthquakes. We obtained the focal mechanism solutions of some earthquakes with ML ≥ 3.5 by using CAP method. Then we analyzed the temporal-spatial distribution of earthquakes and discussed the characteristics of micro-seismicity before the ML5.1 earthquake occurring on September 10, 2010. We totally detected 3 354 micro-earthquake events, which are nearly 5 times of the earthquakes in the seismic catalog issued by China Earthquake Networks Center. The magnitude of the detected events is mostly from ML-1 to 1, and the focal depth is from 2 to 4km. The magnitude-frequency analysis shows that the catalog completeness is obviously improved after adding the detected earthquakes, with the lowest magnitude decreasing from ML1.0 to 0.3. The earthquakes hypocenters are mainly clustered along faults or buried faults and in a dominant depth range consistent with the depth of injection wells, and also show a tendency of lateral extension from injection wells. The focal mechanism solutions of 9 earthquakes of ML ≥ 3.5 presented reverse faulting, as the same as the preexisting faults, indicating that earthquakes were surely related to reactivation of the faults. The strike, dip and rate of the causative faults separated in wide ranges, which indicates not only obvious changes in structure and strike of preexisting faults but also the effect of increasing pore pressure on the local stress field. Before the ML5.1 earthquake on September 10 of 2010, seismicity firstly showed clustering in time and covered the most part of the seismogenic fault in space. Then an obvious seismic quiescence occurred and lasted about 3 months. The phenomenon is consistent with the mechanism of creep sliding and resistance-uniformization along the fault zone, suggested on the basis of laboratory experiments, and it may be one of patterns of sub-instability along fault zone. However, such explanation needs to be further confirmed. 相似文献
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利用首都圈地区小震重新定位结果, 研究了2006年7月4日河北文安5.1级地震前地震活动特征, 结果表明: ① 文安地震前5年, 河北平原带中段ML≥3.0地震活动出现明显的增强(持续43个月)—平静(持续17个月)特点, 蠕变曲线表现为加速—转平; ② 震前4年, 在15～20 km深处存在一个纬向长约70 km、 经向长约90 km的三维空区, 文安地震的起始破裂点位于该三维空区的下部边缘; ③ 2003年4月～2004年10月, 平原带中段ML≥2.0地震震源深度从10 km的浅处逐渐增加到30 km左右的深处, 在此过程中, 中下地壳(20～30 km深度范围内)地震活动显著增强。 相似文献
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紫坪铺水库地区震源位置和速度结构的联合反演 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
WANG Liang ZHOU Long-quan HUANG Jin-shui JIAO Ming-ruo LIANG Yi-jing YANG Mu-ping 《地震地质》2015,37(3):748-764
利用紫坪铺水库7个库区地震台站和10个区域地震台站记录的2004年8月至2008年5月的地震震相观测报告,通过震源位置和速度结构联合反演的方法,采用Simulps14软件对紫坪铺水库地区进行了小震精定位及速度结构反演。通过计算得到了紫坪铺水库地区记录到的几乎所有地震的精定位结果,以及0km、3km、6km和10km几个层面上较好的P波速度和波速比分布情况。精定位结果显示,紫坪铺水库地区的地震活动主要集中在虹口、玉堂镇和水磨3个地区。层析成像和波速比结果则较好地反映了紫坪铺地区受到水库渗水的影响范围及紫坪铺水库对汶川地震的影响。整体上来讲,紫坪铺水库的西南端水库渗水作用最大深度≤8km,汶川主震深度上没有明显的P波低速异常,也没有明显的波速比高值异常,说明水的渗透作用并没有达到汶川主震位置深度,即水对汶川地震的发生没有直接作用。 相似文献
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晋冀鲁豫交界地区震源位置及震源区速度结构的联合反演 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用邯郸数字台网记录到的2001—2008年间460次ML≥1.0地震的1861条P波到时数据, 采用震源位置和速度结构联合反演方法确定晋冀鲁豫交界地区(35.0°~38.0°N, 113.0°~116.0°E)地震的震源位置分布和该区域的速度结构。 结果表明: ① 经过重新定位后, P波走时的均方根残差(RMS)由反演前的1.35 s降到反演后的0.45 s。 定位偏差在EW方向上平均为0.031 km, 在NS方向上平均为0.029 km, 在垂直方向上平均为0.060 km。 ② 邢台震区的中小地震明显呈NEE向分布, 深度主要集中分布在7~14 km范围内; 磁县震区中小震分布相对复杂, 具有NEE和NWW两个展布方向, 震源深度主要集中在8~18 km范围内, 总体上晋冀鲁豫交界地区中小地震深度呈现北部浅南部深的趋势。 ③ 反演得到了晋冀鲁豫交界地区的速度结构, 在邢台地震极震区下方7~14 km处存在低速层, 与1966年邢台7.2级地震的震源深度一致;在磁县地震极震区下方13~18 km处也存在低速层与1831年磁县7.5级地震震源深度一致, 且磁县震区下方的速度结构比邢台震区更为复杂。 相似文献
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The locations of about 400 earthquakes in Yangjiang, Guangdong Province are determined using the double, difference earthquake location algorithm （DDA）. The seismicity pattern becomes concentrated from discrete grids. The rupture characteristics of the Yangjiang earthquake sequence show a conjugated distribution in NW and NE directions. The major distribution trends NE and dips NE with an angle of 30^o and a length of 30km,and the minor distribution trends NW and dips SE with an angle of 30^o and a length of 20km. The focal depth is 5km - 15km. The distribution of the Enping earthquake sequence,which is not far from Yangjiang,is NW-trending. The relationship between hypocenter distribution and geological structure is discussed. 相似文献
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沉积盆地中的中等强度浅源地震起始深度不仅是地震成灾研究的重要参数,还是深地下工程开采诱发地震成因研究的关键信息.然而在台网稀疏、沉积层结构复杂的盆地地区,仅利用直达波到时,常常难以获得较为准确的地震起始深度.基于参考事件的Pn/Pg相对定位方法加入Pn震相,可以有效提高震源深度的测定精度.本文针对松辽盆地中2013年前郭MS5.8地震序列以及Oklahoma州2016年Fairview MW5.1地震序列,利用Pn/Pg方法测定了两个地震序列中较大地震的起始破裂深度.结果显示:在2013年前郭地震序列中,两个较大地震起始深度和质心深度均在3~5 km左右,震源机制中含有较大的非双力偶源成分.而2016年Fairview MW5.1地震,主震起始深度约7 km,质心深度约8 km,5个较大的前震则深度分布在5~9 km.根据上述测定结果,推测2013年11月前郭MS5.8地震序列可能与震源附近的注水活动有关,而2016年Fairview MW5.1地震则可能由较远处注水活动触发. 相似文献
18.
Long Sisheng 《中国地震研究》2004,18(3):212-224
The Yajiang earthquake sequence in 2001, with the major events of Ms5.1 on Feb. 14 and of Ms6.0 on Feb.23, are significant events in the Sichuan region during the last 13 years. Eighty-eight earthquakes in the sequence with at least 5 distinct onset parameters for each recorded by the Sichuan Seismic Network in the period of Jan. 1 through June 30,2001 were chosen for this study. The events are relocated and the focal mechanism is derived from P-wave onsets for 13 events with relatively larger magnitudes. The focal depth of all earthquakes fall between a range of 2km to 16km, with dominant distribution between 9km to 11km. Theforeshocks, the Ms5.1 earthquake and the Ms6.0 earthquake and their aftershocks are all located close to the Zihe fault and the dominant epicentral distribution is in NW direction, identical to that of the fault. The fracture surface of the focal mechanism is determined in accordance to the mass transfer orientation in the recent earth deformation field in the Yajiang region. The P axes of the principal compressive stress in focal mechanism solutions of the 13 events show bigger vertical components, and the horizontal projection trending SE. The earthquakes are of left-lateral, strike-slip normal, and normal strike-slip types. The rupture surface of most earthquakes strike NW-SE, dipping SW. Based on the above information, we conclude that the Zihe fault that crosses the earthquake area, striking NW and dipping SW, is the seismogenic fault for the Yajiang earthquake sequence. 相似文献
19.
On 16th September 2013, an M5.1 earthquake occurred in Badong County, Hubei Province, which is the biggest one since the first water impounding in 2003 in the head region of the Three Gorges Reservoir area. The crustal velocity information is needed to determine the earthquake location and focal mechanism. By comparison, the 1-D velocity structure model from Zhao was adopted in this study. Double difference location method was applied to determine the precise locations of the M5.1 earthquake sequence. Relocation results show that the dominant distribution of this sequence is along NEE direction. In order to understand its seismogenic structure, focal depth profiles were made. Profile AA' was along the sequence distribution, and the earthquake sequence extended about 12km. Focal depth of mainshock is deeper than that of aftershocks, and earthquake rupture propagated laterally southwestward. The seismic profile BB' and CC' were perpendicular to profile AA', which represent the dip direction. Both profiles show that the focal depth becomes deeper toward southeast, and dip angle is about 50°. It means that the possible seismogenic fault strikes NEE and dips southeast. Focal mechanism could provide more information for judging the seismogenic structures. Many methods could obtain the focal mechanism, such as P-wave first motion method, CAP method, and some other moment tensor methods. In this paper, moment tensor inversion program made by Yagi Y is adopted. 12 regional seismic stations ranging from 100~400km are picked up, and before the inversion, we removed the mean and trend. The seismic waveforms were band pass filtered between 0.05 and 0.2Hz, and then integrated into displacement. Green's functions were calculated using the discrete wavenumber method developed by Kohketsu. The focal mechanism of the M5.1 mainshock manifests that the NEE-striking fault plane probably is the possible seismogenic fault, which is consistent with the analysis of focal depth profiles. The focal mechanisms of the ML≥2.0 aftershocks are retrieved by P-wave first motion method, and the nodal plane I is in accordance with the earthquake sequence distribution and the fault plane of the mainshock. FMSI program was adopted to inverse the stress field in the earthquake area, and the results show that the earthquake sequence is under the control of the regional stress field. The earthquake sequence occurred on the stage of slow water unloading, and ETAS model was introduced to testify the influences of water level fluctuations on earthquakes. The results denote that the reservoir played a triggering role in the earthquake, however, the NEE-striking seismogenic fault is the controlling factor. 相似文献