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1.
华北断块区均衡重力异常、构造特征及地震活动 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
均衡重力异常是地壳均衡状态的标志,地壳均衡状态与构造特征及地震活动密切相关。文中基于高阶地球重力场模型EGM2008自由空气异常,采用高精度数字地形模型(DEM)ASTER GDEM 2009和ETOPO1分别作为陆地和海底地形数据,通过基于DEM的严密地形-均衡改正方法计算得到华北断块区5'×5'网格分辨率的Airy均衡重力异常。根据计算结果讨论了华北断块区均衡重力异常分布特征,并探讨了区内均衡重力异常与构造特征、地震活动的关系。结果表明,华北断块区均衡重力异常空间分布极不均匀,表现出明显的断块差异性;区内均衡重力异常大小主要受新构造运动控制,是地壳表层物质密度横向变化和深部构造差异共同作用的结果,构造运动对均衡重力异常的显著影响说明华北断块区地壳均衡调整尚未完成;华北断块区地震活动和均衡重力异常之间有一定的联系,地震活动在显著的均衡重力异常高值区或低值区周围及正负均衡重力异常区过渡部位分布较为集中。 相似文献
2.
本文采用基于贝叶斯原理的重力平差方法对华北地区2009—2017年的16期陆地流动重力观测资料进行了统一处理,结合研究区内2009年以来4次M≥4.5 地震活动,分析区域重力场动态演化特征。基于华北地区均衡重力异常、布格重力异常、沉积层重力异常和莫霍面重力异常,研究华北地区三维密度结构特征,分析区域重力场变化与深部密度结构之间的关系。结果表明:研究区内近年来M≥4.5地震均位于区域差分重力场和累积重力场“零值”等值线附近、异常变化剧烈的梯度带及梯度带转弯部位,以及深部结构中理论均衡厚度与实际地壳厚度存在差异的非均衡区和三维密度结构的高低密度过渡带内。 相似文献
3.
以湖南地区为例,利用超高阶地球重力位模型EGM2008计算了研究区的重力大地水准面,并采用棱柱体公式和球体公式相结合的方法分别进行了完全地形改正和Airy-Heiskanen局部均衡改正,得到布格大地水准面和均衡大地水准面.对三种大地水准面进行不同波长分量的分离处理,得到包含不同深度异常信息的剩余大地水准面,并结合其他地球物理资料对研究区进行了详细的地球物理解释.结果表明,剩余重力大地水准面可以有效地反映出研究区内的深部构造特征,如深大断裂带分布、构造块体位置、上地幔密度横向分布等,但对地壳内异常结构反映不明显;研究区岩石圈密度变化相对平缓,厚度由东向西增加;根据剩余均衡大地水准面及研究区Airy局部均衡莫霍面,可以大致推测出研究区的莫霍面起伏形态以及均衡状态,可作为一种有用的参考信息. 相似文献
4.
考虑到地壳和上地幔密度异常对地表重力的影响,本文提出了修正单纯利用重力资料 反演地壳厚度的算法．该算法利用地震层析成像结果推算出地壳和上地幔密度异常分布,然 后计算由此分布引起的地表重力异常,再从观测布格重力异常中扣除上述密度异常引起的重 力效应,最后在地壳均衡假设的基础上顾及到对反演参考深度的修正,直接反演区域地壳厚 度．本文利用胥颐等地震层析成像的数据,修正了中国西北地区莫霍界面的深度．结果表明, 该区域地壳和上地幔密度异常引起的地表重力异常值为——60times;1O-5m／s2～30times;10-5m／s2． 与直接使用布格重力异常反演地壳厚度相比较,该密度异常对该区域莫霍界面将产生约6 km 的修正．本方法使得利用重力数据反演地壳厚度在理论上更为完备,实际应用中也比较可 行,为更进一步逼近莫霍界面的真实形态提供了一种途径． 相似文献
5.
岩石圈均衡状态对于水库建设选址以及诱发地震风险研究具有重要参考价值.本文使用雅鲁藏布江桑日至墨脱段河谷的高精度重力/GNSS联测数据,得到沿河谷的自由空气以及布格重力异常.结果表明,该河谷布格重力异常在-500～-300 mGal之间变化.基于布格重力异常数据反演地壳密度结构,发现雅鲁藏布大峡谷上游自西到东莫霍面深度变化趋势为"深-浅-深",大峡谷下游莫霍面自东北到西南逐渐变浅.在均一与分层地壳模型假设下,分别依据Airy均衡理论计算该河谷的均衡面深度,通过均衡面与莫霍面之间的差异计算均衡附加力的大小与方向.结果表明,基于均一地壳模型的计算结果存在较大的误差.通过计算得出,米林附近河谷的岩石圈均衡附加力为负值,在该地建设大型水库可能会带来较大的诱发地震风险;朗县附近岩石圈均衡附加力为正值,在该地建设水库诱发地震的风险较低. 相似文献
6.
根据经典均衡的原理,本文重点分析了五种局部均衡补偿模式.在计算方法上利用频域三维重力场的理论公式,快速求得均衡校正值,据此计算了66个模型的均衡重力异常场,注意到对这许多不同参量的模型而言,它们的均衡异常场在形态与分布特征上基本一致,其中计入了地表和上下地壳密度差异分布的 Airy 模型具有最佳的补偿效果,它的均衡面在莫霍界面以下的上地幔中,标准深度50km.从整体上看,华北地台处于亚均衡状态,均衡异常的均值为1810-5m/s2.均衡重力异常的分布表现出明显的块体特征,正均衡异常区主要分布在东部胶辽地块和冀中平原北缘,在汾渭裂谷区存在负异常.模型对比表明,以莫霍界面作为均衡补偿面的模型是不可取的;Airy 模型比 Pratt 模型的补偿效果略好,这同地壳构造以层状为主而侧向变化有限的特征相符.有关复合补偿、均衡重力异常的基本特征和深部构造的关系等结果,将在文章的第二部分发表. 相似文献
7.
青藏高原作为中国大陆强震活动的主体区,不但构造变形历史复杂,而且高原内部与周边块体之间的重力异常差异也十分显著。本文基于EGM2008重力模型,计算得到了青藏高原及周边地区的区域布格重力异常和艾里均衡重力异常;并依据复合均衡模型原理,以Crust1.0地壳模型中莫霍面的深度为参考,反演得到了地壳剩余密度的分布,该结果适用于研究地壳横向密度的差异;最后,将反演结果与弹性板均衡理论模型反演得到的岩石层有效弹性厚度进行对比,结果表明,青藏高原与周边地块之间的地壳力学特性和平均密度存在显著差异,为强震孕育提供了动力学背景。以此为依据,可为潜在强震危险区位置的判断提供参考。 相似文献
8.
基于EGM2008重力场模型计算获得了渭河盆地及邻区布格重力异常。采用小波多尺度分解方法对布格重力异常进行了4阶小波逼近和小波细节分解,同时基于平均径向对数功率谱方法定量化地计算出1~4阶小波细节和小波逼近所对应的场源平均埋深。结合区域地质和地震资料,对获得的重力场结果进行分析,得到如下结论:①鄂尔多斯地块、渭河盆地、秦岭造山带3个一级构造单元的布格重力异常之间存在明显差异;构造区内部重力异常也存在横向的显著差异。布格重力异常的走向、规模、分布特征与二级构造区及主要的断裂具有一定的对应关系。②渭河盆地及邻区布格重力异常1~4阶细节对应4~23 km不同深度的场源信息,鄂尔多斯地块南缘东、西部的地壳结构存在明显的差异;渭河盆地凹陷、凸起构造区边界清晰,断裂边界与重力异常边界具有较好的一致性;秦岭造山带重力异常连贯性不好,东、西部重力异常变化特征表现出明显的差异。③渭河盆地及邻区布格重力异常分布与莫霍面埋深具有非常明显的镜像关系。渭河盆地及邻区地震主要分布在六盘山—陇县—宝鸡断裂带、渭河断裂与渭南塬前断裂交汇处、韩城断裂与双泉—临猗断裂交汇处。渭河盆地及邻区重力异常主要由中上地壳剩余密度体所影响,这可能是该区地震以浅源地震为主的主要原因。 相似文献
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10.
本文基于Vening Meinesz区域均衡模型,通过试验不同参数计算Vening Meinesz均衡补偿深度,将其与CRUST1.0模型给出的莫霍面深度进行拟合,得到适应于天山及邻区的平均补偿深度、"地区性指标"以及区域补偿半径.结合地球重力场模型EIGEN-6C4与地形数据,利用球冠体积分方法进行地形效应、沉积层效应计算和均衡校正,得到了研究区的Vening Meinesz均衡重力异常.结果显示天山及邻区的均衡重力异常幅值在-110~120 mGal之间,表明了天山及周边盆地岩石圈所处于的均衡状态,同时揭示了研究区的壳幔密度分布特征.天山、塔里木盆地、准噶尔盆地等块体的地壳垂向形变可能部分地由均衡调整引起,且均衡调整趋势与地面形变测量结果相契合.通过对均衡重力异常成因的解释,从地壳均衡角度分析了该地区复杂的构造背景及其新生代以来的演化历程. 相似文献
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中国西部地区是地震活动十分强烈的地区,天山、阿尔泰、帕米尔和西昆仑都是著名的地震构造带,在这些地震构造带和周边地区发生了多次震级大于5级的强震.本文通过分析西部地区的重力场特征,根据重力数据结合地震剖面、应用Parker-Oldenburg方法反演得到了研究区莫霍面深度,通过对比地震层析成像的反演结果,分析了研究区的地壳结构特征.计算结果表明,研究区地壳结构不均匀特征明显,在造山带地区一般是莫霍面坳陷区,盆地则是莫霍面隆起区,主要造山带地壳速度结构表现为高速区,盆地和主要凹陷区为低速区.根据计算结果和以往强震震中位置分析了地壳构造与强震活动的相关性,西部地区的地震活动与地壳结构的横向不均匀密切相关,强震主要发生在地壳速度变化带附近和地壳速度结构差异较大的地区,在构造应力作用下,这些地壳介质非均匀地区易发生强震,这是中国西部造山带和盆-山边界附近频发强震的构造原因之一. 相似文献
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DEEP STRUCTURE OF NORTHERN HENAN PROVINCE AND ADJACENT AREAS DERIVED FROM GRAVITY AND SEISMIC SOUNDING DATA IN RELATION TO DISTRIBUTION OF EARTHQUAKES 
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下载免费PDF全文 We conduct the wave field separation of the gravity field for northern Henan Province and adjacent areas by the wavelet multi-scale decomposition method, and obtain multi-order gravity wavelet details and regional gravity field information. Then the Parker density surface inversion is used to invert the Moho interface. Based on the analysis of wavelet details in different orders and results of three seismic sounding profiles available in this area, we attempt to reveal the deep crustal structure of the study area. Research results show that the crustal structure is dominated by uneven density distribution accompanied by uplifts and depressions in the region with obvious heterogeneities of the density in horizontal and vertical directions. The gravity field characteristics in the middle-upper crust correspond to the surface topography, the lower crust is dominated by the large-scale high-low gravity anomalies, and several major depression basins show the characteristics of low velocity and low density. At the same time, the depth of the Moho interface changes greatly, which forms the block structure pattern of the regional crustal thickness. Among these features, the area with relatively large variations of the Moho is located in the transition zone of the basin to the Taihang Mountains, or exactly the Moho mutation belt. The Moho interface of the basin area as a whole is dominated by the uplift intertwined with local variations, of which the least and largest depths are 31km and 37km, respectively. Due to the gravity isostasy, the crustal thickness is larger(about 41km)in the northwest of the Taihang Mountains, with less average crustal density. In the study area, earthquakes tend to occur around the transition zone with density changes where the Moho is locally convex. The seismogenic mechanism may be associated with upwelling of upper mantle materials, low-velocity and low-density structures in the middle-lower crust and connection of deep large faults. Moreover, the deep large faults play a controlling role in the distribution of regional earthquakes. 相似文献
13.
本文利用地面实测重力资料和地形高程资料,采用普拉特-海福特(Pratt-ttayford)重力均衡理论模型,取1°×1°方格网,通过使用现成改正表格查取改正值与个别计算点用理论公式计算作校核的方法,计算了我国东北地区75个计算点的均衡重力异常值;并对局部第四系覆盖较厚地区作了第四系密度改正;在此基础上,构制了我国东北N39°—49°,E121°—131°大部分地区的均衡重力异常图;结合区域布格重力异常和区域空间重力异常特征以及莫霍界面的起伏特点作了对比分析和讨论 相似文献
14.
The first P-arrival time data from local earthquakes are inverted for two-dimensional variation of the depths to the Conrad
and Moho discontinuities in the Kyushu district, southwest Japan. At the same time, earthquake hypocenters and station corrections
are determined from the data. The depths to the discontinuities are estimated by minimizing the travel time residuals of first
P-arrival phases for 608 earthquakes observed at 57 seismic stations. In the land area of Kyushu, the Conrad and Moho discontinuities
are located within the depth ranges of 16–18 and 34–40 km, respectively. The Conrad discontinuity is not as largely undulated
as the Moho discontinuity. The depth to the Moho is deep along the east coast of Kyushu, and the deepest Moho is closely related
to markedly low velocity of P wave. We regard the deepest Moho as reflecting the Kyushu–Palau ridge subducting beneath the
Kyushu district, together with the Philippine Sea slab. In western Kyushu, the shallow Moho is spreading in the north–northeast–south–southwest
direction in the Okinawa trough region. Based on the presence of low-velocity anomaly in three-dimensional velocity structure
and seismogenic stress field of shallow crustal earthquakes, the shallow Moho is interpreted as being due to lower crustal
erosion associated with a small-scale mantle upwelling in the Okinawa trough region. The velocity discontinuity undulation
basically has insignificant effect on hypocenter determination of the local earthquakes, but the Moho topography makes changes
in focal depths of some upper mantle earthquakes. The depth variation of the Moho discontinuity has a good correlation with
the Bouguer gravity anomaly map; i.e., the shallow Moho of western Kyushu and the deep Moho of eastern Kyushu closely correlate
with the positive and negative Bouguer gravity anomalies, respectively. 相似文献
15.
A compiled gravity anomaly map of the Western Himalayan Syntaxis is analysed to understand the tectonics of the region around
the epicentre of Kashmir earthquake of October 8, 2005 (Mw = 7.6). Isostatic gravity anomalies and effective elastic thickness
(EET) of lithosphere are assessed from coherence analysis between Bouguer anomaly and topography. The isostatic residual gravity
high and gravity low correspond to the two main seismic zones in this region, viz. Indus–Kohistan Seismic Zone (IKSZ) and
Hindu Kush Seismic Zones (HKSZ), respectively, suggesting a connection between siesmicity and gravity anomalies. The gravity
high originates from the high-density thrusted rocks along the syntaxial bend of the Main Boundary Thrust and coincides with
the region of the crustal thrust earthquakes, including the Kashmir earthquake of 2005. The gravity low of HKSZ coincides
with the region of intermediate–deep-focus earthquakes, where crustal rocks are underthrusting with a higher speed to create
low density cold mantle. Comparable EET (∼55 km) to the focal depth of crustal earthquakes suggests that whole crust is seismogenic
and brittle. An integrated lithospheric model along a profile provides the crustal structure of the boundary zones with crustal
thickness of about 60 km under the Karakoram–Pamir regions and suggests continental subduction from either sides (Indian and
Eurasian) leading to a complex compressional environment for large earthquakes. 相似文献
16.
Mohammad Bagherbandi Robert Tenzer Lars E. Sjöberg 《Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica》2014,58(2):227-248
We formulate an error propagation model based on solving the Vening Meinesz-Moritz (VMM) inverse problem of isostasy. The system of observation equations in the VMM model defines the relation between the isostatic gravity data and the Moho depth by means of a second-order Fredholm integral equation of the first kind. The corresponding error model (derived in a spectral domain) functionally relates the Moho depth errors with the commission errors of used gravity and topographic/bathymetric models. The error model also incorporates the non-isostatic bias which describes the disagreement, mainly of systematic nature, between the isostatic and seismic models. The error analysis is conducted at the study area of the Tibetan Plateau and Himalayas with the world largest crustal thickness. The Moho depth uncertainties due to errors of the currently available global gravity and topographic models are estimated to be typically up to 1–2 km, provided that the GOCE gravity gradient observables improved the medium-wavelength gravity spectra. The errors due to disregarding sedimentary basins can locally exceed ～2 km. The largest errors (which cause a systematic bias between isostatic and seismic models) are attributed to unmodeled mantle heterogeneities (including the core-mantle boundary) and other geophysical processes. These errors are mostly less than 2 km under significant orogens (Himalayas, Ural), but can reach up to ～10 km under the oceanic crust. 相似文献