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《地球物理学进展》2015,(6)
在传统电性源瞬变电磁资料解释中,常常采用Bz/T求取视电阻率值,由此带来Bz/T计算全程视电阻率多解性.而Bz随电阻率变化是单值函数,由Bz计算全程视电阻率具有减少多解性的优势.为了研究接地源瞬变电磁B场全程视电阻率,文中首先研究了接地源瞬变电磁法Bz和Bz/T响应值随电阻率的变化特性,然后设计不同的地电模型,采用二分搜索算法对B场全程视电阻率进行计算,结果表明全程视电阻率对电性目标体分辨率高,分层能力强,能较好地反映地电断面的信息;另外,全程视电阻率仅与地层的电性结构有关,与收发距无关,便于野外进行接地源瞬变电磁近源测量.在实际应用中,通过把观测的二次感应电压转换成磁场微分数据,再对磁场微分数据进行积分,求取B场数据,并进而求取视电阻率,取得了较好的应用效果. 相似文献
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《地球物理学进展》2015,(5)
矿井瞬变电磁法得到了广泛应用,但其数据处理解释方法研究相对滞后,为提高勘探精度本文对全空间处理及三维解释方法进行研究.以均匀全空间磁偶极源瞬变响应为基础,探讨全空间磁感应强度垂向分量Bz及其时间变化率Bz/T的核函数曲线特征,并给出全区视电阻率数值计算方法.研究结果表明Bz的核函数Y(Z)存在一个转折点Z=1,以转折点为界可以划分为两个单调区间;Bz/T的核函数Y′(Z)存在两个转折点Z=0.707和Z=1.732,以转折点为界可以划分为三个单调区间,在单调区间内通过二分搜索算法可以计算区间内视电阻率值,各区间视电阻率曲线通过转折点可构成全区视电阻率曲线.采用Voxler软件平台实现矿井瞬变电磁三维立体解释,并给出数据三维可视化的具体步骤.应用实例表明本文提出的全空间处理及三维解释方法可以实现工作面内煤层及其附近岩层三维电阻率成像,直观展现富水异常体三维空间展布特征,方法实用性强、探测效果较好. 相似文献
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大定源是地面瞬变电磁观测的主要方式之一, 该方式在大深度、高密度的面积测量时具有明显的优势. 但当接收点偏离发射框中心时, 由于场源的非对称性(即框边影响), 数据处理和解释比较困难, 特别是全程瞬变响应的精确计算相当耗时. 本文介绍一种数值算法, 它既能实现快速计算, 又能满足精度要求. 该算法通过对瞬变场垂直分量(bz)及其时间变化率(bz/t)的核函数Y(Z)和Y'(Z)表现特性的研究, 以参数Z把整个瞬变过程分为早期阶段(Z→0), 中期阶段和晚期阶段(Z→∞). 计算全程响应时, 早期和晚期阶段分别采用Y(Z)和Y'(Z)的渐近表达式;对中期阶段, 内层积分(即误差函数erf)采用有理Chebyshev渐近展开式, 外层积分采用Romberg数值积分法. 理论模型计算表明, 利用该算法可以快速计算空间任意点(除发射边框)的全程响应核函数Y(Z)和Y'(Z). 当测点到边框的距离大于边长的25%时, 计算速度比常规数值积分算法快7倍;其它测点处计算速度比常规数值积分算法快4倍. 全程时段的相对误差<0.0002%. 相似文献
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通过时间-频率转换关系,TEM数据可以转换成平面波场测深数据,从而可以对TEM资料进行拟平面波场处理解释.在对瞬变电磁视电阻率数据向平面波场测深视电阻率数据转换时,发现由于瞬变电磁使用晚期计算公式及装置问题,使测深曲线早期数据发生畸变.文中建立了视电阻率曲线进入晚期所满足的关系式,从理论上给出不同情况下瞬变电磁测深视电阻率曲线进入晚期的临界点.以瞬变电磁、大地电磁、CSAMT为例,对大量的模型进行正演计算,对计算结果进行对比分析,建立不同地表电性结构、不同时间延迟情况下,瞬变电磁早期数据误差的校正量板. 相似文献
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本文根据视电阻率定义的原则,以及用不同的场量定义的视电阻率效果不同这一事实,提出一种新的全波视电阻率定义.在全区同时用均匀大地上电磁场的三个分量来分区定义祝电阻率.在远区视电阻率由磁场的水平分量求出,在近区由磁场的垂直分量或其实分量定义,而在过渡区则由电场的水平分量确定.用这种方法定义的视电阻率为电磁响应的单值函数,它随频率变化的曲线显著改善,能直观地反映地层电阻率随深度的变化,数值比较接近地层的真电阻率值,假极值效应明显压低.在计算中用切比雪夫多项式分段拟合均匀大地电磁响应的反函数,并给出一套系数,由此算出的视电阻率误差小于1％. 相似文献
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文中讨论了提高长偏移距瞬变电磁测深甚晚期响应计算精度及相应的全区视电阻率的计算方法。在频率域 ,利用直接数值积分结合连分式展开提高低频段响应的计算精度 ,从而提高时间域甚晚期响应的计算精度。同时 ,利用连分式渐进展开 ,将均匀半空间电阻率表示为该模型长偏移距瞬变电磁测深响应的反函数 ,利用迭代方法求出适合全时间段的全区视电阻率。数值结果表明 ,文中的方法可有效地提高长偏移距瞬变电磁测深 (甚 )晚期数据的模拟与解释精度 相似文献
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针对使用感应电动势定义全区视电阻率会出现"二值性"的问题,本文采用与电阻率一一对应的垂直磁场分量结合二分搜索算法计算全区视电阻率,这使得全区视电阻率具有唯一性和可靠性.将全区视电阻率的概念引入到半航空瞬变电磁法中,在此基础上,建立以中间层为低阻薄层的三层地电模型,分别绘制了不同低阻薄层埋深与层厚比、围岩与低阻薄层电阻率比的全区视电阻率异常曲线图,并分析其全区视电阻率异常曲线形态及变化规律,通过计算其相对误差,分析并归纳了半航空瞬变电磁法对低阻薄层的探测能力.结果 表明全区视电阻率对地下低阻薄层分辨率较好,能较好反映地电断面信息,这对半航空瞬变电磁法有效探测低阻薄层具有实际的指导意义. 相似文献
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在煤矿水害问题中,利用瞬变电磁法研究煤矿的底板水、顶板水、断层或陷落柱特征,已经有很多成功的案例;但是在金矿水害中的应用,尚未发现成功的案例.目前,在生产实践中,瞬变电磁法在煤矿水害资料解释还停留在利用晚期视电阻率近似处理、解释的水平.金矿水害数据采集位于深部采场,需要全空间瞬变电磁资料解释技术.基于以上背景,介绍利用反函数原理计算的全空间全域视电阻率成像,对金矿水害探测的瞬变电磁资料进行处理解释.研究发现:该解释方法不仅计算速度快,且精度满足要求,方便实测数据的快速处理.同时能够去除晚期视电阻率成像在早期、过渡期出现的假异常;通过钻孔验证和开挖,证明该成像解释方法对金矿水害防治,效果非常明显. 相似文献
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《国际泥沙研究》2014,(4)
正Director:Shangfu Kuang,China Vice-directors:Chunhong Hu,China Duihu Ning,China Guangquan Liu,China The International Research and Training Center on Erosion and Sedimentation(IRTCES)was jointly set up by the Government of China and UNESCO on July 21,1984.It aims at the promotion of international exchange of knowledge and cooperation in the studies of erosion and 相似文献
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《中国科学:地球科学(英文版)》2014,(3)
正SCIENCE CHINA Earth Sciences,an academic journal cosponsored by the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the National Natural Science Foundation of China,and published by Science China Press and Springer,is committed to publishing high-quality,original results in both basic and applied research. 相似文献
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Richard D. Hey 《地球表面变化过程与地形》1979,4(1):59-72
Feedback mechanisms, which operate upstream through drawdown and backwater effects and downstream through sediment discharge are responsible for channel evolution. By combining these mechanisms with channel processes it euables a dynamic process-response model to be developed to simulate the initial evolution of straight gravel-bed channels. When erosion commences on a land surface, sediment entrained in the headwater reach by hydraulic action is selectively transported, deposited and reworked. This produces a damped oscillation between degradation and aggradation as the channel and valley respond to spatial and temporal variations in sediment calibre and hydraulic conditions. The initial cut and fill phases are responsible for valley incision and floodplain development while secondary and subsequent activity can produce river terraces. Eventually sediment entrainment in the headwaters declines as slopes are reduced. Subsequent channel evolution is relatively insignificant because it is dependent on local weathering activity producing material that can be transported on declining slopes. Therefore landforms produced during the initial phase of development, when local weathering was non-limiting, dominate the landscape. 相似文献
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Based on relocating the Jiujiang-Ruichang earthquake sequence which occurred on November 26, 2005 in Jiangxi Province with the double-difference （DD） algorithm and master event technique, the paper discusses the focal mechanism of the main shock （MsS.7） and the probable seismo-tectonics. The precise relocation results indicate that the average horizontal error is 0.31kin in a EW direction and 0.40kin in a NS direction, and the average depth error is 0.48kin. The focal depths vary from 8kin to 14kin, with the predominant distribution at 10kin - 12kin. The epicenter of the main shock is relocated to be 29.69^oN, 115.74^oE and the focal depth is about 10.Skin. Combining the predominant distribution of the earthquake sequence, the focal mechanism of the main shock and the tectonic conditions of N-E- and NW-strike faults growth in the seismic region, we infer that the main shock of the earthquake sequence was caused by a NW striking buried fault in the Rnichang basin. The nature of seismic faults needs to be further explored. 相似文献
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《水文科学杂志》2013,58(6)
Abstract The western reservoirs represent the principal groundwater system in Morocco. Demographic, industrial and agricultural developments during the last decade have markedly altered groundwater quality. The Mamora coastal aquifer system is among the Atlantic systems which are most heavily threatened by pollution. Agricultural and industrial activities, and rapid urban growth contribute to the pollution of the groundwater. Contamination transport is facilitated by a high permeability of the aquifer formations. In order to assess the actual groundwater quality of the Mamora aquifer and to understand the influence of the factors generating the pollution, an extensive multidisciplinary research programme is in progress, with hydrochemistry and microbiology playing essential roles. The present paper concerns the spatial distribution of physico-chemical parameters in the groundwater, subjected to domestic, industrial and agricultural pollution. Fifty-seven samples were analysed for several parameters (Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, Cl?, SO4 2?, HCO3 ?, NO3 ?, pH, electrical conductivity and temperature). The microbiological analysis of 143 samples reveals the presence of four kinds of indicator bacteria in the groundwater resources: faecal Streptococci, faecal coliform, Escherichia coli and Clostridium. The physico-chemical results and bacteriological monitoring show that the nitrate and bacteria concentrations exceed the maximum admissible levels, notably around pumping stations in the sectors of Sidi Taibi, Sidi Ahmed Taleb and Aïn Sbaâ. Contamination is generated by uncontrolled anthropogenic activities and accentuated by the high intrinsic vulnerability of the aquifer system. Several parameters appeared to exceed admissibility standards. Measures are recommended to prevent groundwater pollution in the region. 相似文献
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K.-G. Malle 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》1992,20(4):196-204
Zinc in the Environment. In 1990 the world production of zinc ammounted to 7 Mio. metric tons. The main areas of application were: galvanization, alloys like brass and zinc metal. The content in the earth crust varies between 10–300 ppm zinc with a mean of 70 ppm. Uncontaminated surface waters contain less than 10 mg/m3 zinc. Apart from civilization air contains 1–10 ng zinc per m3. These background concentrations are exceeded by orders of magnitude in zinc deposit areas and where anthropogenic influences predominate. Accumulation can occur in sediments and sewage sludge. Molluscs and Algae also accumulate zinc. Zinc is essential for live. With normal food the zinc supply of man is just sufficient. Bioaccumulation of zinc towards man or chronic oversupply of man is not known. Zinc has no teratogenic or mutagenic effects, a suspicion on a carcinogenic effect proved wrong. In stockbreeding and plant cultivation a minimum supply of zinc is necessary. Plants are relatively less sensitive against higher soil contents of zinc. Considering the toxicological and ecotoxicological effects of zinc in the environment, the critical organismens are marine invertebratae like tubifex, daphnia, gammarus and algae. But normally only a minor part of the total zinc contest is biologically available, depending on salt content and pH of the waters. 相似文献