共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 484 毫秒
1.
分析了采用细胞自动机研究波动问题的建模方法，针对一维、均匀、各向同性固体介质中弹性纵波的微观机制，借用一经典弹簧振子模型、细胞自动机格子气模型，以及量子力学中的无限深势阱模型，建立了一个细胞自动机有限深势阱模型，从量子力学角度出发，基于介观物理和纳米概念，以微观精子的德布罗意假设为基础，利用薛定谔方程，讨论了该模型中粒子（分子组）的振动速度与粒子物质波波速之间的联系，给出了模型中的波动方程，得出ζ＝Vp（ζ为粒子振动速度，Vp为物质波纵波波速）。同时还讨论了模型中粒子的大小和能量传递问题，引入引力场，得出了能量及引力势的量子化条件，另外，对声波速度、格子气粒子振动速度和本文模型中分子组振动速度进行了比较；还对本文模型中的粒子能量分布作了分析。 相似文献
2.
基于前两部分的研究,第三部分从能量转换的角度揭示了风垂直切变对大气静力适应过程的影响.研究显示,对非静态等温大气,初始时刻加以有效势能和有效弹性势能的强迫后,风垂直切变改变了适应过程中扰动能量在各能量形式中的分配比例,这种作用随扰动尺度和时间的变化有显著差异,系统尺度越小影响越显著.比较东风急流模型和西风急流模型显示,负的风切变应力使得四类扰动能量谱随系统尺度的变化趋于平缓,使得微尺度和小尺度(中尺度)系统中扰动垂直动能(扰动水平动能)的比例随时间减小,正的风切变使得扰动能量谱随系统尺度的变化显现跳跃的特征,使得中尺度(微尺度和小尺度)系统中扰动垂直动能(扰动水平动能)的比例随时间减小.风垂直切变引起的动量通量输送是扰动能量与基本气流能量之间交换的通道,当风切变应力和动量输送方向相同时,风垂直切变使得能量向基本态转移,维持基本气流,削弱扰动能量,缩短静力适应过程的周期;当风切变应力和动量输送方向相反时,风垂直切变作用相反;此作用随着扰动尺度的变化差异明显. 相似文献
3.
土石混合体REV尺度数值方法研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
土石混合体是一类较为复杂的宏观二元介质不连续岩土体,不同的块体分布情况及不同的试件尺度导致其具有不同的等效强度特性。基于随机集合体构造（RA S）方法构建了土石混合体的随机模型,编制程序实现了随机模型的输出和数值模型的生成。以西南某大型堆积体滑坡中的典型土石混合体为例,考虑含石量和不同粒径分布规律,建立多组不同尺寸随机模型,进行了大量的数值试验,得到了强度表征单元体积（REV）尺度,在此基础上得到了等效强度参数,并分析了土石混合体受力性能和渐进破坏模式。研究结果表明,土石混合体存在REV尺度,案例所得的REV尺度为1.0 m×1.0 m,不同尺度数值计算结果有一定差别,基于REV尺度的力学参数才符合工程意义。 相似文献
4.
地震临界区域尺度的界定对于地震前兆研究有着重要意义。通过加卸载响应比(LURR)及震前矩张量加速释放(AMR)两种模型对地震临界区域尺度进行了分析。采用不同半径区域内地震事件的Benioff应变分别计算LURR和AMR时间序列,震前引起时间序列异常变化最明显的半径尺度所定义的区域就是最佳地震临界区域。华北地区M>5震例研究结果显示两种模型所得到的最佳地震临界区域具有明显的一致性,最佳临界区域半径与主震震级之间统计的线性关系斜率约为0.34～0.36。研究结果表明通过不同预测模型可以较为定量的评价地震临界区域尺度,从而为地震预测研究提供依据。 相似文献
5.
实际地震勘探中,储层物性参数的差异是导致地震波响应特征发生变化的根本原因,而建立储层物性参数与地震响应特征之间的联系,需要跨越微观孔隙尺度、介观测井尺度以及宏观地震尺度等三个不同尺度空间.本文基于已知井的岩石物理实验数据和测井数据,利用复杂多孔隙介质理论将微观尺度孔隙岩石粗化到介观测井尺度,利用Backus平均理论将介观测井尺度的模型进一步粗化到宏观地震尺度,最终,得到地震尺度裂缝-多孔隙介质模型.其数值计算结果与测井数据和地震数据的对比表明：基于两级尺度粗化算法的裂缝多孔隙介质模型在给定参数下是有效的,且基于该模型的地震响应特征分析方法能够对储层的地震响应特征随物性参数的变化进行分析. 相似文献
6.
利用随机过程的谱展开理论以及Hudson等人的裂纹介质模型构造一种裂纹数密度是空间平稳随机过程的随机介质模型。这个模型可以将裂纹的微观参数(裂纹数密度)与裂纹介质的宏观性质(弹性常数)联系起来,能灵活、有效地描述实际非均匀裂纹介质。模型算例表明,弹性常数的空问分布特征与裂纹数密度的有差别,而且对不同的弹性常数影响不同。通过改编自相关长度的大小,可以模拟裂缝在两个坐标轴方向上具有不同分布尺度的情况。最后,利用高阶的交错网格有限差分方法,我们模拟了地震波在具有随机分布裂缝岩石中的传播特征。 相似文献
7.
《地震工程与工程振动》2015,(1)
为了研究建筑结构在强震作用下的微观破坏机理以及提高建筑结构地震反应分析的精确性和可靠性,将多尺度有限元分析方法引入抗震混合试验中。根据经验将复杂结构在地震作用下表现出来的特性划分为线性,非线性以及强非线性部分,形成由宏观有限元模型模拟线性部位,微观有限元模型模拟非线性部位以及试验单元模拟用有限元单元难以模拟的强非线性部位的多尺度混合有限元模型。本文基于3层4跨Benchmark钢框架模型建立多尺度混合有限元模型进行地震反应分析。通过多尺度混合有限元模型与相应普通有限元模型之间的地震时程对比分析,验证了多尺度模型在抗震混合模拟试验中与普通有限元模型相比具有耗时相对较小同时能够得到较高精度的优越性。 相似文献
8.
探讨了利用气旋风场分布的经验模型估算热带气旋尺度(8级大风圈半径)的方法.用美国联合台风警报中心整编的2001年西北太平洋热带气旋的“最佳尺度”资料,确定了各模型的经验常数,并计算了各模型的估算精度.结果表明,“VBogus”模型能获得热带气旋(Tropical Cyclone,简称TC)尺度的较好估算.基于“VBogus”模型,通过拟合热带气旋尺度的非对称分布,构造了能描述热带气旋非对称风场的"修正VBogus"模型,并估算了该模型中各参数在不同季节和不同地理区域的取值,为热带气旋尺度变化和非对称结构机制等问题的研究和应用提供新依据. 相似文献
9.
涡度相关技术的发展,为准确获取区域尺度的CO2通量分布格局提供了数据基础．但由于涡度相关技术自身的局限性,需要利用模型模拟作为获取区域CO2通量的重要手段．可是CO2通量和其他微气象变量之间的非线性关系给模拟CO2通量的时空动态变化带来了一定的困难．人工神经网络模型为模拟CO2通量与其他微气象变量的非线性关系提供了一种新的手段．在ChinaFLUX三个不同类型(农田、森林、草地)生态系统中,基于2003年6～8月的半小时涡度相关观测数据,采用BP人工神经网络模型,以能量通量(净辐射、潜热、显热和土壤热通量)以及温度(空气温度、土壤温度)和表层土壤水分作为输入变量,模拟了CO2通量的动态变化．结果表明,人工神经网络模型具有较好的模拟结果,其R2系数在0．75与0．866之间．RMSE在0．008μmol／m2与0．012μmol／m2之间,MAE在1．38μmol／m2与3．60μmol／m2之间,其中农田和森林生态系统的模拟精度略高于草地生态系统．其次,通过比较土壤水分要素是否参与模拟的结果表明,在生长季期间,不存在土壤水分胁迫的情况下,土壤水分的参与并不能显著提供模型模拟的精度．最后,应用连接权重方法进行了神经网络模型不同输入变量的重要性分析,指出神经网络模型不完全是一个黑箱模型,也可以有效地揭示出某些机理性现象．该研究证明,神经网络模型不仅可以有效地模拟CO2通量,也可以揭示出一些机理现象,为通过涡度相关观测与遥感反演技术的集成途径,利用已获取的区域尺度能量通量数据,模拟分析区域尺度的CO2通量分布格局提供了一种有效的方法． 相似文献
10.
如何有效利用TM热红外遥感图像是遥感应用和研究人员共同关心的问题．由于空间分辨率不高,其应用与研究程度远不及其它波段获取的图像．小波变换具有信号多尺度分解能力,可以把遥感图像(二维信号)按照近似与细节进行多尺度分解．对TM(或ETM^ )图像进行K-L变换,将可见光及近红外波段信息集中到一个主分量图像上,而后对热红外图像和该主分量图像同时进行多尺度小波分解,使用前者的近似系数与后者的细节系数重建图像,由此得到的合成图像既保留了原热红外图像的基本灰度分布信息,同时分辨率也得到了提高． 相似文献
11.
D. M. Pechersky A. A. Lyubushin Z. V. Sharonova 《Izvestiya Physics of the Solid Earth》2010,46(7):613-623
The data on geomagnetic reversals are compared with the changes in the organic world and with the lower-mantle plumes. The
times of the formation of plumes and the times of their appearance on the Earth’s surface relate to the intervals characterized
by the different frequencies of geomagnetic reversals, i.e., there is no interrelation between the formation of plumes and
the frequency of the changes in the geomagnetic field polarity. At the same time, a certain synchronism is observed between
the frequency of the geomagnetic reversals and the boundaries of the biostratigraphic ages, i.e., the changes in the organic
world in the long-period range. A hypothesis is proposed, which explains the change in the sign of the geomagnetic field by
the combined effect of the irregular rotation of the internal core relative to the mantle and the changes in the slope angle
of the axis of the Earth’s rotation, which, in turn, results in synchronous events on the Earth’s surface: the rates of changes
in the organic world. 相似文献
12.
Summary The maintenance of the axisymmetric component of the flow in the atmosphere is investigated by means of a steady-state, quasi-geostrophic formulation of the meteorological equations. It is shown that the meridional variations in the time-averaged axisymmetric variables can be expressed as the sum of three contributions, one being due to the eddy heat transport, another to the eddy momentum transport, and a third to the convective-radiative equilibrium temperature which enters the problem through the specification of a Newtonian form of diabatic heating. The contributions by the large scale eddies are evaluated through the use of observed values for the eddy heat and momentum transports.The contributions from each of the three forcing mechanisms to the temperature and zonal wind fields are invstigated individually and found to be of about equal importance. The sum of the three contributions are also presented for the temperature, the zonal wind, the stream function associated with the mean meridional circulation and the corresponding vertical motion. Although the results fail to reproduce the main observed features of the lower stratosphere, they are found to be in good agreement with observations in the middle latitude troposphere. At any pressure level, for example, the computed mean zonal wind has a jet-like profile and the axis of the jet is found to slope to the south with height, as observed in the atmosphere.Based in part on a thesis submitted by the first author as partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Ph.D. degree at the University of Michigan. — Publication No. 194 from the Department of Meteorology and Oceanography, The University of Michigan. 相似文献
13.
Prof. Dr. W. A. Heiskanen 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》1958,41(1):1-18
Summary The author mentions the aims of the World-wide gravity project he established in the Ohio State University in Columbus, in 1950. He outlines the practical procedure of the gravimetric computations of the undulationsN and the vertical deflection components and and emphasizes that only by the global international cooperation and additional gravity observations at sea carried out during the last decade it has been possible to gather to Columbus the needed gravity material. Since there exist still large gravimetrically unsurveyed areas it is of vital significance to study what gravity anomalies are best to be used for these regions. The given figures concerning the accuracy of theN, and , estimated theoretically and obtained in practice, indicate that in the gravimetrically well surveyed parts of the world like in Europe and the United States we can get gravimetrically on basis of existing gravity material theN-values with accuracy of about 5–10 meters, and and with the accuracy of about 1. The geoid undulationsN are already computed in Columbus for more than 6000 points of the northern hemisphere. The sample maps show the interesting geoid of Europe and vicinity between the latitudes 60° and 30° and longitude 5° W and 30° E, drafted on basis of more than 1000N-values computed at the corners of 1°×1° squares. It is interesting to realize that the geoid undulations in all this area are positive, the extreme values being between 40 and 50 meters. The geophysical significance of the geoid maps of this kind is pointed out. 相似文献
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15.
综合APIA、HONOLULU、PAMATAI 3个地磁台三分量的11年周期变化的形态后,可定性地提出该变化源于内场。如内源为核幔边界的电涡流,则其中心点应位于3台之间。 相似文献
16.
V. E. Pavlov T. Yu. Tolmacheva R. V. Veselovskiy A. V. Latyshev A. M. Fetisova I. V. Bigun 《Izvestiya Physics of the Solid Earth》2017,53(5):702-713
Until recently, the existing data prevented the geophysicists from accurately dating the Bysy-Yuryakh stratum, which outcrops in the middle reach of the Kotuy River, constraining the time of its formation to a wide interval from the end of the Late Cambrian to the beginning of the Silurian. The obtained paleomagnetic data unambiguously correlate the Bysy-Yuryakh stratum to the Nyaian regional stage and constrain its formation, at least a considerable part of it, by the Tremadocian. This result perfectly agrees with the data on the Bysy-Yuryakh conodonts studied in this work and yields a spectacular example of the successful application of paleomagnetic studies in solving important tasks of stratigraphy and, correspondingly, petroleum geology. Within the Bysy-Yuryakh stratum, we revealed a large normal-polarity interval corresponding to the long (>1 Ma) period when the geomagnetic reversals were absent. This result, in combination with the data for the Tremadocian and Middle–Upper Cambrian sequences of the other regions, indicates that (1) the rate of occurrence of the geomagnetic reversals on the eve of the Ordovician Moyero superchron of reversed polarity was at most one reversal per Ma; (2) the superchron does not switch on instantaneously but is preceded by a certain gradual change in the operation conditions of the dynamo mechanism which, inter alia, manifests itself by the reduction of the frequency of geomagnetic reversals with the approach of the superchron. This finding supports the views according to which a process preparing the establishment of the superchrons takes place at the core–mantle boundary. 相似文献
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18.
The global database on the paleointensity, containing determinations of the virtual dipole moment (VDM) for a stable (normal) regime of the geomagnetic field in a time interval of up to 3.5 Ga, is supplemented by new VDM determinations and analyzed. The field generation process started no later than 3–3.5 Ga (earlier data are absent) at the stage of the Earth’s core formation. Since that time, the dipole value has differed from its present value by no more than an order of magnitude, and the deviations that have already been detected tend toward smaller values. The distribution of VDM values in the time interval 0–400 Ma is bimodal, which apparently reflects the presence of two different generation levels of the geomagnetic field distinguished by a relatively large value (close to the present field value) and a relatively small value (approximately half as large as the present value). The total duration of decreased VDM values appreciably exceeds that of increased VDM values (179.1 and 28.6 Myr, respectively). On the whole, data on the paleointensity do not contradict the hypothesis about the dipole nature of the field over the last 400 Myr; however, the number of determinations at high paleolatitudes is too small to draw decisive conclusions on the validity (or invalidity) of the dipole field approximation based solely on paleointensity data. 相似文献
19.
The nutations of the planets Mars andEarth are investigated and compared. Alarge number of interior structureparameters are involved in the nutationcomputations. The comparison between the observations and the computationsprovides several constraints on these parmeters andtherefore allows a better understanding of the physics of the interior of theplanet. For the Earth, the high precision of the observations of the nutationshas led to a very good determination of interior properties of the planet. ForMars, observations of nutations are not yet available, and we review how theamplitude of the Martian nutations depends on the hypotheses consideredfor its interior. Although Mars is very similar to the Earth, its interior is not well known;for example, we don't knowif its core is liquid or solid. Only if the core is liquid,the Free Core Nutation (FCN) normal mode exists and can alter the nutationswhich are close to the resonance. From the observed geoids, it is known thatboth planets are not in hydrostatic equilibrium. The departure is larger forMars than for the Earth, and consequently, the implication of considering a convective mantle instead of a mantle in hydrostatic equilibrium described byClairaut's equation for the initial equilibrium state of the planet is largeron the Martian nutations than on the Earth nutations. The consequences of theuncertainty in the core dimensions are also examined and shown to be of a veryhigh influence for Mars if the core is liquid, due to the potential changes inthe FCN resonance. The influence of the presence of an inner core, which isknown to exist for the Earth, could be more important for Mars than for theEarth if the inner core is large. Due to the presence of Tharsis on Mars, thetriaxiality of this planet has, additionally, larger effects than on Earth. 相似文献
20.
Geomagnetism and Aeronomy - The evolution of the magnetic configuration in the solar corona is studied. The curvature of the K-corona helmets obtained from an analytical approximation of the... 相似文献