共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 410 毫秒
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岩石声发射的损伤模式及其在地震研究中的初步应用 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
本文运用损伤理论和微元强度统计理论导出了声发射参数与损伤参量及应变的关系模型。依据这一模型,分析了单轴压缩时岩石破坏阶段声发射特性与压机刚度的关系。在此基础上,探讨了声发射活动规律与孕震过程及地震活动的内在本质联系。 相似文献
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本文叙述大理岩岩样在双轴、三轴压缩至断裂时的声发射变化特征。在一定的加载速率时,若岩样屈服并在出现前兆应力降后产生突发断裂,声发射率随应变的衰减系数h_ε,在主断裂前呈现平稳—下降—回升趋势变化,而声发射事件总数随应变的增长系数h_1、h_2都呈现平稳—上升—回降趋势变化。声发射率,n也呈现平稳—上升—回降趋势变化。而当岩样屈服,并在出现前兆应力降后产生蠕滑断裂,h_εh_2依然与前述变化相同。而h_1,和声发射率n则为平稳—上升而后保持在高(水平)值上并不回降,并且初步论述了O_3,方向压机刚度在大于某一定值时,发生蠕滑断裂,在小于某一定值时,才发生突发断裂。这就为利用地震频度的变化预报地震提供了一种可能的物理依据。 相似文献
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岩石试件刚度及压力机刚度对岩石主破裂前声发射相对平静的影响 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
本文通过对岩石试件的真三轴压缩实验，分析了岩石试件卸载刚度ＫＦ与压力机系统刚度比值对岩石破裂型式及破裂前声发射相对平静的影响，结果表明：当ＫＦ／ＫＳ＞１时，岩石试件产生突发断裂；当ＫＦ／ＫＳ＜１时，岩石试件产生缓裂，并且ＫＦ／ＫＳ的值越小，相对平静时间赵长；ＫＦ／ＫＳ的值越大，相对平静时间越短，而当ＫＦ／ＫＳ＞３时，声发射相对平静时间为零。 相似文献
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缺陷的演化繁衍与Kaiser效应函数 总被引：19，自引：0，他引：19
本文运用岩石的损伤理论,通过对岩石材料微元强度的统计分布假设,得到声发射积累N随应变ε的变化规律,并对于循环加载情形,给出了Kaiser效应函数的通式。文中还证明,声发射积累N的变化与损伤参量D具有一致性,得到了用声发射积累N描述的岩石本构关系。理论结果与实验资料吻合很好。 相似文献
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1 研究背景
声发射是指岩石在受力过程中发生变形和破裂,其应变能释放所监测到的一种物理现象,而b值是表征地震震级—频度关系的参数,研究人员发现,b值具有非线性特征,且与岩石破裂过程密切相关.因此,利用岩石试件变形破坏过程中产生的声发射事件模拟地震,进而研究不同加载条件下岩石变形破坏过程中的声发射b值变化特征,可用于监测岩石受力破坏过程中内部预存微裂隙的活动状态,有助于揭示岩石损伤机理及岩石的破坏程度,也可作为岩石失稳预警参数,捕捉地震发生的前兆信息. 相似文献
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本文研究了岩石分形断裂的统计理论.认为岩石断裂是岩石内部微裂缝成核、形成和传播的非平衡过程,导出了描述这个过程的微分方程.运用位错塞积成核机理,得到了岩石发生分形断裂的微裂缝大小的统计分布函数和平均长大速率.从理论上得出了岩石非弹性体积应变与微裂缝数目成正比,从而解释了实验室研究的结果.另外发现岩石的分维是决定岩石脆性的一个重要因素,分维值愈小,岩石愈脆.但岩石的分维值与岩石强度无明显关系.最后,从微裂缝大小的统计分布函数出发,导出了b值与岩石分维值的关系. 相似文献
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实验和野外观测表明颗粒破碎显著影响高孔隙岩石的变形特征.为建立高孔隙岩石变形的数值模型,我们以弹性理论为基础并根据问题的特征进行合理简化,给出了一种颗粒破碎机制,并根据此颗粒破碎条件改进传统的离散单元模型.利用改进的离散单元模型,研究了不同压力条件下高孔隙岩石变形的宏观和微观特征.数值模拟结果表明考虑颗粒破碎的模型能重现高孔隙岩石在不同围压下变形的应力-应变关系、声发射特征、应变局部化和剪切增强压缩等特征.我们还发现,与野外观测结果一致,在高孔隙岩石脆性阶段剪切带内部及附近伴有显著的颗粒破碎. 相似文献
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影响岩石声发射的几个因素 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
以岩石的损伤本构关系为基础，分析声发射与岩石－试验机共同作用系统稳定性的关系，重点从微观上讨论了试验机刚度和岩石均质变的影响，并从岩石破裂失稳角度分析了围压降低所引起的声发射活动性强现象，最后考虑载荷历史的影响，得到了和主震－余震相对应的声发射模式。 相似文献
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本文以声发射技术在岩土工程中的应用为基础,结合国内外的研究成果,对小铁山矿脉内采准工程中采准和回采巷道的稳定性进行了实时监测,确定了不同岩性的稳固性、开挖后的松动范围和巷道的合理支护方式及支护时间. 从岩石应力和声发射次数与能量的关系出发,通过实测一定时期内巷道的声发射特征,对比相应的破坏形式,确定了巷道开挖后破坏形式和声发射的关系,为脉内采准工程合理性和地压控制措施提供了理论指导, 同时也证明了声发射监测技术在岩矿地下开挖工程地压活动监测中的有效性. 相似文献
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The rapid release of strain energy is an important phenomenon leading to seismic events or rock failures during the excavation of deep rock.Through theoretical analysis of strain energy adjustment during blasting and mechanical excavation,and the interpretation of measured seismicity in the Jin-Ping Ⅱ Hydropower Station in China,this paper describes the characteristics of energy partition and induced seismicity corresponding to different energy release rates.The theoretical analysis indicates that part of the strain energy will be drastically released accompanied by violent crushing and fragmentation of rock under blast load,and this process will result in seismic events in addition to blasting vibration.The intensity of the seismicity induced by transient strain energy release highly depends on the unloading rate of in-situ stress.For mechanical excavation,the strain energy,which is mainly dissipated in the deformation of surrounding rock,releases smoothly,and almost no seismic events are produced in this gradual process.Field test reveals that the seismic energy transformed from the rock strain energy under high stress condition is roughly equal to that coming from explosive energy,and the two kinds of vibrations superimpose together to form the total blasting excavation-induced seismicity.In addition,the most intense seismicity is induced by the cut blasting delay; this delay contributes 50% of the total seismic energy released in a blast event.For mechanical excavation,the seismic energy of induced vibration(mainly the low intensity acoustic emission events or mechanical loading impacts),which accounts only for 1.5‰ of that caused by in-situ stress transient releasing,can be ignored in assessing the dynamic response of surrounding rock. 相似文献
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A comparative study on acoustic emission during deformation of two kinds of granites with different structures under triaxial compression was performed using a new acoustic emission recording system with full-waveform record and broad-dynamic range. One is the Inada aplite-granite of homogeneous structure from Japan and the other is the Mayet granite with cemented natural joints from France. For the former granite, acoustic emission events are dispersed randomly and there is no clear clustering along the major fracture. For the latter granite, acoustic emission events are mainly concentrated near the joints. Acoustic emission events occur synchronously with the volumetric dilatation in the former one but far earlier than the volumetric dilatation in the latter one. The two kinds of granites are also clearly different in the frequency spectrum of acoustic emission. The former has a narrower frequency band and a higher frequency component, whereas the latter has a wider frequency band and generally a lowe 相似文献
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声发射技术在岩石力学研究中的应用 总被引：19，自引：0，他引：19
随着地震预报研究的开展,岩石力学与地震预报的联系越来越紧密。声发射技术是岩石力学研究中十分重要的工具之一。本文对声发射技术作了简单的介绍,评述了它在岩石力学研究中的应用,介绍了用声发射技术研究地震序列和破裂机制的一些结果。 相似文献
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Yu Huaizhong Yin Xiangchu Liang Naigang Xia Mengfen Li Min Xu Zhaoyong Peng Keyin Victor Kukshenko Wu Zhishen Qi Li Surguei Elizarov 《中国地震研究》2003,17(3):227-235
Implementing acoustic emission experiments with large rock samples, LURR (Load/Unload Response Ratio) theory was studied. The loading conditions in the experiments were designed to simulate the complicated loading process of underground rocks. The damages emerging inside the rock samples were recorded by the acoustic emission technique during the loading process. The experimental results were consistent with prediction by LURR theory. Integrating the changing processes of LURR value Y and the location process of acoustic emission events showed agreement between the variation of LURR value Y and the damage evolution inside the rocks. Furthermore, the high value of Y emerged before the complete breakdown of materials. Therefore, the damage evolution of rock specimen can be quantitatively analyzed with LURR theory, thus the failure of the rock materials and the earthquake occurrence may be predicted. The experimental results gave a further verification of LURR theory. 相似文献
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Introduction Earthquake is a kind of severe natural disaster. In order to predict earthquake effectively, thegeoscientists at home and abroad have carried out a great deal of studies on seismicity. For exam-ple,Willis, (1924) and Tocher (1959) made some early investigations on seismicity before largeearthquake. Chinese geoscientists performed even more studies in this field (CHEN, et al, 1981;HUANG, FENG, 1981; LIU, 1982; LU, 1985; LU, et al, 2001; MA, et al, 1982; MEI, 1960; … 相似文献
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Acoustic Emission Experiments of Rock Failure Under Load Simulating the Hypocenter Condition 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Hui-hui Zhang Xiang-chu Yin Nai-gang Liang Huai-zhong Yu Shi-yu Li Y. C. Wang C. Yin Victor Kukshenko Nikita Tomiline Surguei Elizarov 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》2006,163(11-12):2389-2406
A series of acoustic emission (AE) experiments of rock failure have been conducted under cyclic load in tri-axial stress tests. To simulate the hypocenter condition the specimens are loaded by the combined action of a constant stress, intended to simulate the tectonic loading, and a small sinusoidal disturbance stress, analogous to the Earth tide induced by the Sun and the Moon. Each acoustic emission signal can indicate the occurrence time, location and relative magnitude of the damage (micro-crack) in the specimen. The experimental results verified some precursors such as LURR (Load/Unload Response Ratio) and AER (Accelerating Energy Release) before macro-fracture of the samples. A new parameter, the correlation between the AE and the load, has been proposed to describe the loading history. On the eve of some strong earthquakes the correlation between the Benioff strain and the Coulomb failure stress (CFS) decreases, similar to the variation of LURR prior to strong earthquakes. 相似文献
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A polyaxial (true‐triaxial) stress‐loading system, developed originally for determining all nine components of P‐ and S‐wave velocities and attenuation and fluid permeability for 50.8 mm‐side cubic rock specimens tested to failure, has been modified to permit the measurement of acoustic emission events associated with the failure process. Results are reported for Crosland Hill sandstone tested to failure under loading conditions leading to the formation of sets of aligned microcracks, achieved by maintaining the minor principal stress at a low value while increasing the two other principal stresses until failure of the rock. An ultrasonic survey associated with the test has been employed to map the transversely‐isotropic velocity structure created by through‐going parallel fractures resulting from the sets of aligned microcracks. This velocity structure has then been employed to locate acoustic emission events recorded during the test by four acoustic emission sensors located in each of the six specimen loading platens. A selection of acoustic emission events associated with one of the fractures has been processed for moment tensor analysis information, in order to determine the source type and orientation of microcracking as the fracture grows. The mechanisms indicate tensile behaviour during initial fracture propagation. Shear failure, however, appears to dominate as the fracture finally approaches the opposite face of the cubic specimen. The work presented here has, in part, led to the development of new rock testing systems and geophysical monitoring and processing technologies that will enable laboratory study of rock behaviour under conditions better resembling those experienced in situ. 相似文献