共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 109 毫秒
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针对"房桥合一"高速铁路客站质量、刚度分布严重不均匀、不同阻尼比构件繁多等特点,对其模态特征和用于时程法阻尼模型的确定进行了研究。通过位能加权激励原理和位能公式的阐述、天津西站II区的模态分析与振型分解时程法的应用,并以此为标准进行了5种不同瑞利阻尼比例系数时程法的响应比较。结果表明:位能加权法激励为各模态的振型响应,求得阻尼为振型阻尼,结构模态质量累计数突变发生在第9阶,选择第1,9阶振型确定的瑞利阻尼比例系数较合理。振型分解时程法的振型阻尼可基于振型响应的位能加权法确定,直接时程法的瑞利阻尼宜选择第1阶与模态质量累计数发生突变的振型来确定,可供结构设计与分析参考。 相似文献
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阻尼比是消能减震结构设计的重要参数，对消能减震结构设计具有决定性影响。消能减震结构设汁巾阻尼是时变参数，消能减震结构是非经典阻尼结构。采用复模态设计方法、强解耦振型分解法、基于变形能的等效阻尼法三种方法分别对不同情况的消能减震结构阻尼比进行研究，得到选择消能减震设计疗法和不同方法计算精度的规律，对消能减震结构设计具有参考价值。 相似文献
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混合结构的阻尼矩阵不满足经典阻尼条件,导致传统的模态叠加法无法适用。复阻尼理论无法适用于时域计算,其自由振动响应中存在发散现象。针对混合结构的阻尼矩阵非比例性和复阻尼理论的时域发散性,基于频域等效原则构建了求解Rayleigh阻尼系数的数学优化模型,进而得到与复阻尼理论等效的Rayleigh阻尼运动方程。算例分析表明:依据位移时程响应和结构等效阻尼比可证明Rayleigh阻尼运动方程的正确性。基于本文研究成果,等效复阻尼理论的混合结构Rayleigh阻尼运动方程可直接采用模态叠加法,结合其确定的结构等效阻尼比,为混合结构的振型分解反应谱法提供理论依据。 相似文献
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尚世英 《地震工程与工程振动》1994,14(1):83-88
本文研究了在高层建筑抗震分析中的阻尼计算问题，在考虑土壤－结构相互作用的情况下，研究了等效模态阻尼比的五种计算方法，振型加权法、应变能加权法、动能加权法、传函数法和比例阻尼法，文中输入ＥＬ－Ｃｅｎｔｒｏ地震记录，对一个十层楼房的实例进行了数值计算，并对各种方法所得到的阻尼和响应值进行分析和比较，最后对这些方法作出了评价。 相似文献
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耗能减振结构的抗震设计方法 总被引：54，自引：7，他引：47
本文基于国内外耗能减振装置的性能试验和耗能减振结构的计算研究并结合我国正在修订的建筑结构抗震规范。提出了耗能减震结构抗震设计的统一方法。首先,提出了速度相关型线性耗能器和滞变型耗能器等效阻尼和刚度的计算方法;其次,通过大量的计算比较,研究了耗能减振结构非交阻尼阵强行解耦的精度和实际应用的可行性,提出了在结构地震反应分析了振型分解反应谱法中耗能器可统一归结为结构附加振型阻尼比的方法;第三,通过耗能减 相似文献
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应县木塔环境振动试验 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：5
对于复杂的塔状古建筑物,建立一个合适的简化的数学模型是不易实现的。与强迫振动试验相比,环境振动试验比较简单、方便,所确定出的小振幅水平下的木塔结构动力特性具有足够的精度。本文首先结合应县木塔结构环境振动测试实例对环境振动测试方法作了简要介绍,并采用随机信号数据频域分析方法对测试数据进行了分析,确定木塔结构的自振频率。同时,依据不同测点在固有频率处响应的比及零迟时互相关函数确定木塔结构的振型。最后,本文依据自功率谱和互功率谱采用半功率点法计算各振型的阻尼比。本文分析结果表明,在两水平方向上木塔的振动特性存在些微差异,第一振型阻尼比较第二振型阻尼比大。 相似文献
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《地震工程与工程振动》2015,(3)
结构振动是多个振型参与的结果。在结构抗震设计及地震工程相关领域,结构模态数值的应用程度越来越高,其准确程度从根本上关系到结构设计和工程抗震的实现效果。为考察阻尼对实际结构模态测试结果的影响,设计了三层剪切型钢框架模型及可调硅油阻尼器。计算其理论模态,并通过三种常用的模态测试方法,对其在阻尼比由小到大逐渐增大的各种工况下的频率和振型进行测试。试验结果表明:阻尼比对结构模态测试结果确有影响,测试精度随着阻尼比的增大而降低,但在实际结构阻尼比量级时,常用测试方法得到的简单结构的模态结果精度可以满足工程计算需要;脉动法、初位移释放法和激振法的测试精度依次提高。 相似文献
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《地震工程与工程振动》2021,41(2)
复阻尼模型具有每周期耗散能量与外激励频率无关的优点,但自由振动解中存在发散项。基于复阻尼模型的等效滞变阻尼模型不仅保留了相应的优点,且克服了时域发散的缺陷。本文在模态叠加法的基础上,提出了基于滞变阻尼模型的反应谱CQC法,并利用时域精确解验证了所提方法的正确性。在此基础上,以反应谱和相关系数为分析对象,对比了基于滞变阻尼模型的反应谱CQC法和基于黏性阻尼模型的反应谱CQC法。算例分析表明:小阻尼比情况下,两种方法的计算结果近似相等;大阻尼比情况下,两种方法计算所得的反应谱值和相关系数皆差异较大;大阻尼比结构需依据结构材料的阻尼特性,选择合适的反应谱CQC法。 相似文献
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依据对偶原则,频率相关黏性阻尼是复阻尼在实数域中的表达形式,可作为一种等效复阻尼,且具有稳定性和每一循环消耗能量与激励频率无关的优点。将地震波的卓越频率作为激励频率,结合短时傅里叶变换,提出了单一材料结构频率相关黏性阻尼的模态叠加法;对于不同材料阻尼特性混合结构的频率相关黏性阻尼,利用最小二乘法拟合Caughey阻尼矩阵,以近似模拟频率相关黏性阻尼矩阵,提出了Caughey阻尼理论模态叠加法,成果实现了单一材料和混合材料结构等效复阻尼运动方程的模态叠加法,为基于复阻尼理论的结构振型分解反应谱法提供理论依据。 相似文献
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The paper presents a detailed reexamination of the effects of three damping models on the inelastic seismic response of structures with massless degrees of freedom. The models considered correspond to (a) Rayleigh damping based on current properties (tangent stiffness), (b) Rayleigh damping based on initial properties, and (c) modal damping. The results suggest that some nonzero damping forces/moments at massless DOFs obtained in multistory frames for the case of Rayleigh damping with tangent stiffness may be numerical artifacts rather than a deficiency of the damping model. The results also indicate that significant artificial numerical oscillations in the velocities of the secondary components of MDOF structures are introduced when modal damping or mass-proportional damping is used. 相似文献
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本文针对罕遇地震弹塑性静、动力分析方法中结构的阻尼问题进行了一些算例和理论方面的探讨.总结了现有"规范"对于结构阻尼方面的规定;针对实际的高层混凝土和高层钢结构算例,探讨了各性能设计阶段结构等效阻尼比的变化情况,以及弹塑性阻尼对于结构静力推覆分析和能力谱方法计算结果的影响;探讨了不同的阻尼比对于罕遇地震弹性和弹塑性动力时程分析结果的影响;指出了将Rayleigh阻尼自然推广到弹塑性动力时程分析中所存在的问题;本文提出了实时阻尼比概念,通过算例分析表明可以较好地改进罕遇地震弹塑性动力时程分析中的阻尼问题. 相似文献
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The stationary response of multi-degree-of-freedom non-classically damped linear systems subjected to stationary input excitation is studied. A modal decomposition procedure based on the complex eigenvectors and eigenvalues of the system is used to derive general expressions for the spectral moments of response. These expressions are in terms of cross-modal spectral moments and explicitly account for the correlation between modal responses; thus, they are applicable to structures characterized with significant non-classical damping as well as structures with closely spaced frequencies. Closed form solutions are presented for the important case of response to white-noise input. Various quantities of response of general engineering interest can be obtained in terms of these spectral moments. These include mean zero-crossing rate and mean, variance and distribution of peak response over a specified duration. Examples point out several instances where non-classical damping effects become significant and illustrate the marked improvement of the results of this study over conventional analysis based on classical damping approximations. 相似文献
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Modeling viscous damping in nonlinear response history analysis of buildings for earthquake excitation 
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下载免费PDF全文 The Rayleigh damping model, which is pervasive in nonlinear response history analysis (RHA) of buildings, is shown to develop ‘spurious’ damping forces and lead to inaccurate response results. We prove that a viscous damping matrix constructed by superposition of modal damping matrices—irrespective of the number of modes included or values assigned to modal damping ratios—completely eliminates the ‘spurious’ damping forces. This is the damping model recommended for nonlinear RHA. Replacing the stiffness‐proportional part of Rayleigh damping by the tangent stiffness matrix is shown to improve response results. However, this model is not recommended because it lacks a physical basis and has conceptual implications that are troubling: hysteresis in damping force–velocity relationship and negative damping at large displacements. Furthermore, the model conflicts with the constant‐damping model that has been the basis for fundamental concepts and accumulated experience about the inelastic response of structures. With a distributed plasticity model, the structural response is not sensitive to the damping model; even the Rayleigh damping model leads to acceptable results. This perspective on damping provides yet another reason to employ the superior distributed plasticity models in nonlinear RHA. OpenSees software has been extended to include a damping matrix defined as the superposition of modal damping matrices. Although this model leads to a full populated damping matrix, the additional computational demands are demonstrated to be minimal. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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Initial versus tangent stiffness‐based Rayleigh damping in inelastic time history seismic analyses 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 In the inelastic time history analyses of structures in seismic motion, part of the seismic energy that is imparted to the structure is absorbed by the inelastic structural model, and Rayleigh damping is commonly used in practice as an additional energy dissipation source. It has been acknowledged that Rayleigh damping models lack physical consistency and that, in turn, it must be carefully used to avoid encountering unintended consequences as the appearance of artificial damping. There are concerns raised by the mass proportional part of Rayleigh damping, but they are not considered in this paper. As far as the stiffness proportional part of Rayleigh damping is concerned, either the initial structural stiffness or the updated tangent stiffness can be used. The objective of this paper is to provide a comprehensive comparison of these two types of Rayleigh damping models so that a practitioner (i) can objectively choose the type of Rayleigh damping model that best fits her/his needs and (ii) is provided with useful analytical tools to design Rayleigh damping model with good control on the damping ratios throughout inelastic analysis. To that end, a review of the literature dedicated to Rayleigh damping within these last two decades is first presented; then, practical tools to control the modal damping ratios throughout the time history analysis are developed; a simple example is finally used to illustrate the differences resulting from the use of either initial or tangent stiffness‐based Rayleigh damping model. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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模态参数是有效评估结构安全状况的关键参数,在结构抗震加固和健康诊断领域得到广泛应用。与频域法相比较,时域法直接利用实测的振动信号识别模态参数,不需要进行频域变换,减少数据处理带来的误差,并且可以实现大型结构的在线识别,真实地反应结构的现状。以同济大学12层钢筋混凝土标准框架振动台模型试验完整数据为对象,在详细介绍ITD法和复指数法2种时域法理论的基础上,通过编程选取结构不同测点的振动加速度时程数据,识别了小震和强震工况下12层钢筋混凝土框架模型振动台试验模型的模态频率和阻尼比,并结合移动谱识别结构模态参数的时变特性。结果表明:ITD法和复指数法可有效地识别结构的模态参数,自振频率的识别精度较高,而阻尼比的离散度较大;小震工况频率变化值不大,而强震工况频率值较初始时刻有明显的下降,这与试验现象是吻合的,进一步说明移动谱与这2种时域法相结合可以反应结构在塑性阶段的参数时变特性。 相似文献
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A method, based on the Hilbert–Huang spectral analysis, has been proposed by the authors to identify linear structures in which normal modes exist (i.e., real eigenvalues and eigenvectors). Frequently, all the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of linear structures are complex. In this paper, the method is extended further to identify general linear structures with complex modes using the free vibration response data polluted by noise. Measured response signals are first decomposed into modal responses using the method of Empirical Mode Decomposition with intermittency criteria. Each modal response contains the contribution of a complex conjugate pair of modes with a unique frequency and a damping ratio. Then, each modal response is decomposed in the frequency–time domain to yield instantaneous phase angle and amplitude using the Hilbert transform. Based on a single measurement of the impulse response time history at one appropriate location, the complex eigenvalues of the linear structure can be identified using a simple analysis procedure. When the response time histories are measured at all locations, the proposed methodology is capable of identifying the complex mode shapes as well as the mass, damping and stiffness matrices of the structure. The effectiveness and accuracy of the method presented are illustrated through numerical simulations. It is demonstrated that dynamic characteristics of linear structures with complex modes can be identified effectively using the proposed method. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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Hilbert-Huang变换在密频结构阻尼识别中的应用 总被引：14，自引：3，他引：14
Hilbert—Huang变换是一种新的数据处理方法，由经验模分解(Empirical Mode Decomposition)技术及Hilbert变换两部分组成。本文研究此方法对于密频结构阻尼识别的应用。首先对于两自由度系统模型，说明该方法用于阻尼识别的步骤。进而研究存在频率密集现象的高层建筑的阻尼识别问题。上述结果与理论值及由半功率带宽法的识别值进行了比较，对比显示Hilbert．Huang方法较传统方法具有良好的识别密频结构阻尼的性能，适用于大型结构的系统识别。 相似文献