共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 140 毫秒
1.
分析了1999年7月-2003年12月发生在云南地区的由22个地震台站记录的5 668次地震的数字波形资料,从中选出保山、永胜、丽江、鹤庆、易门和禄劝6个地震台用扩展的尾波归一化方法计算P波、S波衰减.这6个台分为3个研究区,保山研究区内Qs-1=0.008 67f-0.86,Qp-1=0.011 55f-0.93;永胜、丽江、鹤庆研究区内Qs-1=0.018 24f-0.94,Qp-1=0.022 88f-0.92;禄劝、易门研究区内Qs-1=0.016 47f-0.91,Qp-1=0.028 26f-0.97.后两个研究区衰减结果比较接近,而保山研究区的P波、S波衰减明显偏低.与全球其它地区采用同样方法得到的P波、S波衰减结果对比表明:永胜、丽江、鹤庆研究区和禄劝、易门研究区的P波、S波衰减与日本关东地区很接近,而远高于韩国东南部的衰减;保山研究区的P波、S波衰减略高于韩国东南部.此外,还与前人得到的云南地区的尾波衰减结果进行了对比分析,发现本文S波衰减值与他们的结果相近. 相似文献
2.
腾冲火山区剪切波和尾波衰减初步研究 总被引：7，自引：2，他引：5
用云南腾冲火山地区观测的地震数字化记录进行了尾波和剪切波的衰减测量。用AkiandChouet和Sato单次散射模型获得 5 2秒和 18秒流逝时间尾波的品质因子分别为Qc (f) =5 7×f- 0 94和Qc (f) =2 6×f- 0 95 ,表明地壳上部和地壳上地幔的地震波衰减频率变化率一致。两者均未显示出活火山地区尾波衰减的异常特征。尾波掠过空间椭球的平均半轴 ,前者约为 80km ,大大超出了腾冲火山分布的地理范围 ,后者约为 30km ,在腾冲火山分布的地理范围之内。用尾波规一双台S波振幅比法进一步缩小所用地震波掠过的空间 ,最后获得了S波随频率的衰减有类似于前人报导的活火山地区尾波频率衰减的特征 :相对于低频 (1 5～ 6Hz) ,高频 (6～2 0Hz)的Q- 1s 变化很小。从地表位置看 ,腾冲最年青的全新世的马鞍山和老龟坡火山就在S波掠过范围内 ,打鹰山火山也在近旁。这一结果表明在这三座火山体之下存在低速高衰减体。火山或处于休眠状态 ,或在消亡过程之中。 相似文献
3.
利用22个云南区域数字地震台网近震资料，研究了云南地区地震尾波在1~20 Hz内6个频段的衰减特征. 首先使用单次散射模型计算各台站的尾波衰减系数； 然后利用随机各向同性散射介质均匀分布的多次散射模型， 使用多流逝时间窗分析方法，计算各台站的平均自由程Le和地震反照率B0得到总衰减系数，并从中分离散射衰减系数 、吸收衰减系数 . 云南地区基本衰减特征是Le主要集中在10~30 km内， 在2~6 Hz之间有最大值；B0在1~2 Hz大致为0.5左右，在其它频段则小于0.5. 也即在1~2 Hz， 与 数值相当， 其它频段 逐渐大于，成为尾波总衰减的主要原因. 除1~2 Hz外，其它频段 值接近. 云南地区的Q-1尤其是， 在空间上有较大的差异，滇东略微高于滇西北， 滇西北高于滇西南地区. 与全球其它区域的研究结果比较发现，云南地区 略低于平均水平， 略高于平均水平， 而则处于其它区域结果的中间. 相似文献
4.
宁夏地区Lg波衰减及场地响应特征 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
本文采用2008—2017年宁夏及邻区内15个数字地震台站记录的131次地震的波形资料，基于地震波衰减与场地响应联合反演方法，分析频率介于1—7 Hz之间的Lg波衰减及场地响应。采用2.2—3.6 km/s的速度窗截取了1 069条Lg波，计算得到Lg波各分量的地震波衰减品质因子Q（ f ）与频率f之间的关系。结果显示:Lg波垂直、东西及南北向各分量的Q0分别为237.1，201.8及245.9；Q（ f ）对f的依赖性指数分别为0.44，0.52及0.44，该结果与全球其它地震活跃地区的相应研究结果相一致。对Q（ f ）在时间域的分析结果表明，研究时段内该地区地壳介质的衰减属性并未改变，15个台站的最大场地响应幅值不大于6。 相似文献
5.
利用发生在赣南地区的183次ML≥1.0地震资料,采用尾波归一化方法对寻乌、安远和龙南3个台站的P波、S波品质因子QP和QS值进行了计算,分析了该地区地壳介质的衰减特征。研究结果表明,寻乌(流逝时间35 s)和龙南台(流逝时间40 s)QP值较可靠且值相近,拟合平均值为QP(f)=(20.76+1.67)*f(1.03±0.04),寻乌台和安远台(流逝时间均为21 s)拟合平均值为QS(f)=(18.86+1.46)*f(0.84±0.04)。Q值总体呈现低Q0和高η值的特点,这是构造运动活跃地区的特征体现,也和该地区中强地震比较活跃的特征相符。 相似文献
6.
甘肃地区S波非弹性衰减Q值研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
文中利用新建"十五"数字化地震观测网络项目记录到的甘肃地区地震波形资料,研究了甘肃地区S波的非弹性衰减Q值,得到甘肃东南地区Q值与频率的关系为Q(f)=374.0f0.3084;祁连山中东段地区Q值与频率的关系为Q(f)=693.6f0.2865。从分区Q值研究结果看,各分区之间存在较大差异,显示出了Q值空间分布的非均匀性特征,这种区域差异性与甘肃地区构造活动、地震活动、地壳速度结构及热活动状态的区域差异性有较好的一致性,活动强烈、高热活动以及低速区为相对低Q值区,地震波衰减较快。 相似文献
7.
采用中小地震的数字观测资料，依据地震观测谱和震源谱、传播路径衰减因子及场地效应的关系式，在对场地效应约束的条件下，反演S波非弹性衰减和软基岩场地效应，确定研究区路径、 场地参数. 该方法确定的参数， 避免了台站地形效应的影响，真实地反映了研究区自由软基岩场地的地震效应和传播路径非弹性衰减的影响. 研究区的平均软基岩场地效应， 在2~4 Hz频率范围为1.5倍左右; S波品质因子为QS=278 f 0.346.这些参数可以直接用于研究区的地面运动随机模拟. 相似文献
8.
9.
选取云南地震台网记录的地震波形资料,通过基于遗传算法的Atkinson方法分别计算云南3个区域的介质品质因子Q_0值。根据云南地区地震波衰减的区域性差异,通过震级偏差统计分析了47个台站的单台M_L震级偏差情况。结果显示:云南属于低Q_0值地区,区域性差异明显。位于云南西部区域1的Q_0值相对较高,为251. 3;东部的区域3的Q_0值次之,为216. 9;中部的区域2的Q_0值最低,为102. 6。Q_0值越小的地区,S波衰减程度越大,单台震级偏小于台网平均震级的台站也就越多。同一地区的台站在测定相同区域内的地震时,虽然地震波非弹性衰减程度相近,但由于受到各台站场地不同增益作用的影响,其单台震级偏差情况有所不同。 相似文献
10.
利用发生在龙滩水库地区的144次ML≥1.0地震资料,研究了该地区地壳介质的衰减特征,并采用尾波归一化方法分别估算了P波、S波的品质因子QP和QS,用单次反散射模型计算了尾波品质因子QC．结果表明,该地区上述3个值与频率的依赖关系分别为QP（f）=（7.43±0.78）f(1.05±0.06),QS（f）=（13.08±3.20）f(1.76±0.15),QC（f）=（50.52±2.71）f(1.13±0.03),总体呈现低QO和高η值的特点．在所研究的频带范围1—16Hz内,QS／QP比值均大于1,表明该地区体波衰减中散射可能起着较大作用．QC与QS的比较结果表明,在小于8Hz时,QS＜QC;而大于8Hz时,则QS＞QC．这可能是由于介质的多次散射作用的结果． 相似文献
11.
Measuring changes in fracture properties from temporal variations in anisotropic attenuation of microseismic waveforms 
下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 We investigate fracture‐induced attenuation anisotropy in a cluster of events from a microseismic dataset acquired during hydraulic fracture stimulation. The dataset contains 888 events of magnitude ?3.0 to 0.0. We use a log‐spectral‐amplitude‐ratio method to estimate change in over a half‐hour time period where fluid is being injected and an increase in fracturing from S‐wave splitting analysis has been previously inferred. A Pearson's correlation analysis is used to assess whether or not changes in attenuation with time are statistically significant. P‐waves show no systematic change in during this time. In contrast, S‐waves polarised perpendicular to the fractures show a clear and statistically significant increase with time, whereas S‐waves polarised parallel to the fractures show a weak negative trend. We also compare between the two S‐waves, finding an increase in with time. A poroelastic rock physics model of fracture‐induced attenuation anisotropy is used to interpret the results. This model suggests that the observed changes in t* are related to an increase in fracture density of up to 0.04. This is much higher than previous estimates of 0.025 ± 0.002 based on S‐wave velocity anisotropy, but there is considerably more scatter in the attenuation measurements. This could be due to the added sensitivity of attenuation measurement to non‐aligned fractures, fracture shape, and fluid properties. Nevertheless, this pilot study shows that attenuation measurements are sensitive to fracture properties such as fracture density and aspect ratio. 相似文献
12.
在分析了对峰值加速度 PGA 的影响因素之后,我们发现构造环境剪应力场参数τ0对 PGA起了重要的作用,将τ0引入 PGA 的预测公式中,同时考虑了 PGA 对频率的依赖性。大地震的PGA 的优越频率 fa 较低,小地震的 fa 较高.因此,小地震的衰减系数较大,PGA 衰减较快。基于上述两点改进,提出了新的 PGA 预测公式。在该公式中,构造环境应力场、震级、距离和场地条件是预测将来强地面运动的重要变量。此公式有很大的适用范围,可以用于大地震（矩震级 Mw=6-7.8）,也可以用于较小地震（Mw=3-6）的 PGA 预测;在考虑了世界各个地区不同的构造环境应力值水平以后,新预测公式可以应用于世界不同地区（例如美国加州和中国华北、西南等）。用实际观测资料检验结果表明,预测效果良好。 相似文献
13.
为了深入研究流体对岩石中弹性波速度和衰减的影响,必须考虑到流体的分布和粘性。引入气体包裹体模型来研究粘性流体的分布对松散介质中P波速度和衰减的影响,用气泡平均半径来描述流体分布的不均匀性,计算了不同气泡半径和频率下P波速度和衰减随饱和度变化的曲线,并与有效流体模型作了比较,由于流体喷流的存在会使Gassmann方程在高频下不适用,用干燥和饱和流体的P波、S波速度修正了理论曲线。测量了玻璃微珠中不同水饱和度下高频P波的速度和衰减,并尝试用峰值频率来计算衰减。此方法求出的Q和频谱比法求出的Q在干燥或饱和水时基本相同,随饱和度的变化规律也基本一致,但衰减峰的大小有差异。根据实测值得似事经修正的波速和衰减理论曲线从而估算出气泡平均半径,认为P波速度和衰减不仅与饱和度有关而且也与介质内部气体－液体压力平衡有关。 相似文献
14.
The simplified macro‐equations of porous elastic media are presented based on Hickey's theory upon ignoring effects of thermomechanical coupling and fluctuations of porosity and density induced by passing waves. The macro‐equations with definite physical parameters predict two types of compressional waves (P wave) and two types of shear waves (S wave). The first types of P and S waves, similar to the fast P wave and S wave in Biot's theory, propagate with fast velocity and have relatively weak dispersion and attenuation, while the second types of waves behave as diffusive modes due to their distinct dispersion and strong attenuation. The second S wave resulting from the bulk and shear viscous loss within pore fluid is slower than the second P wave but with strong attenuation at lower frequencies. Based on the simplified porous elastic equations, the effects of petrophysical parameters (permeability, porosity, coupling density and fluid viscosity) on the velocity dispersion and attenuation of P and S waves are studied in brine‐saturated sandstone compared with the results of Biot's theory. The results show that the dispersion and attenuation of P waves in simplified theory are stronger than those of Biot's theory and appear at slightly lower frequencies because of the existence of bulk and shear viscous loss within pore fluid. The properties of the first S wave are almost consistent with the S wave in Biot's theory, while the second S wave not included in Biot's theory even dies off around its source due to its extremely strong attenuation. The permeability and porosity have an obvious impact on the velocity dispersion and attenuation of both P and S waves. Higher permeabilities make the peaks of attenuation shift towards lower frequencies. Higher porosities correspond to higher dispersion and attenuation. Moreover, the inertial coupling between fluid and solid induces weak velocity dispersion and attenuation of both P and S waves at higher frequencies, whereas the fluid viscosity dominates the dispersion and attenuation in a macroscopic porous medium. Besides, the heavy oil sand is used to investigate the influence of high viscous fluid on the dispersion and attenuation of both P and S waves. The dispersion and attenuation in heavy oil sand are stronger than those in brine‐saturated sandstone due to the considerable shear viscosity of heavy oil. Seismic properties are strongly influenced by the fluid viscosity; thus, viscosity should be included in fluid properties to explain solid–fluid combination behaviour properly. 相似文献
15.
Introduction Attenuation parameter Q~(-1) is an important factor for understanding the physical mechanism of seismic wave attenuation in relation to the composition and physical condition of the Earth′s interior (Sato, 1992) and it is also an indispensable parameter for the quantitative prediction of strong ground motion from the viewpoint of engineering seismology. Hence numerous studies of Q~(-1) have been carried out worldwide by using different methods and concentrate on seismically acti… 相似文献
16.
We investigated the seismic attenuation of compressional (P‐) and converted shear (S‐) waves through stacked basalt flows using short‐offset vertical seismic profile (VSP) recordings from the Brugdan (6104/21–1) and William (6005/13–1A) wells in the Faroe‐Shetland Trough. The seismic quality factors (Q) were evaluated with the classical spectral ratio method and a root‐mean‐square time‐domain amplitude technique. We found the latter method showed more robust results when analysing signals within the basalt sequence. For the Brugdan well we calculated effective Q estimates of 22–26 and 13–17 for P‐ and S‐waves, respectively, and 25–33 for P‐waves in the William well. An effective QS/QP ratio of 0.50–0.77 was found from a depth interval in the basalt flow sequence where we expect fully saturated rocks. P‐wave quality factor estimates are consistent with results from other VSP experiments in the North Atlantic Margin, while the S‐wave quality factor is one of the first estimates from a stacked basalt formation using VSP data. Synthetic modelling demonstrates that seismic attenuation for P‐ and S‐waves in the stacked basalt flow sequence is mainly caused by one‐dimensional scattering, while intrinsic absorption is small. 相似文献
17.
利用面波测定台间衰减系数 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
使用相匹配滤波技术提取基阶面波振型的相位,然后再利用时变滤波进行 振幅谱校正,以此分离出基阶振型面波信号。对合成面波理论地震图的处理结果表 明,该方法可精确地从含高阶（最高阶数为５）的综合地震图中分离出基阶面波,与利 用同一模型合成的基阶面波相比,分离出的基阶面波的振幅谱畸变很小,根据中国数 字化地震台网（ＣＤＳＮ）记录的长周期面波资料,对与震源位于同一大圆弧上的北京。 海拉尔台观测的瑞雷波进行处理,分离出基阶振型信号,然后利用两台的基阶振型信 号进行反褶积得到台间格林函数,由格林函数计算得到台间周期为１３～１４２ ｓ的面 波衰减系数和群速度,所得结果也较为平稳。 相似文献
18.
2010年6月28日至8月初, 广西凌云与凤山交界地区出现一次罕见的震群活动。 利用震区附近8个近距离台站所记录的数字地震波形, 按照高信噪比和计算要求, 挑选出此次震群中74次ML>1.5地震可用于计算地震尾波的共179条三分向波形记录, 采用Sato单次散射模型经滤波以及消除环境噪声后, 计算了地震尾波传播过程途经区的品质因子Q(f)值; 拟合Q(f)值与频率f之间的关系, 得到研究区Q(f)=(44.32±23.56)f0.88±0.17; 并对震中区及其邻区地震尾波衰减的时间与空间特征进行了探讨。 通过分析震区及其附近尾波衰减参数与尾波采样体之间的关系, 认为该区域可能存在浅部高衰减层。 此次震群是在低应力水平条件下发生的, 震中区Q0值较其他台站高, 其地震尾波衰减较慢, 介质非均匀性水平相对较低, 震中区为低衰减区域, 介质较为稳定。 相似文献
19.
Predictive relations are developed for peak ground acceleration (PGA) from the engineering seismoscope (SRR) records of the
2001 Mw 7.7 Bhuj earthquake and 239 strong-motion records of 32 significant aftershocks of 3.1 ≤ Mw ≤ 5.6 at epicentral distances of 1 ≤ R ≤ 288 km. We have taken advantage of the recent increase in strong-motion data at
close distances to derive new attenuation relation for peak horizontal acceleration in the Kachchh seismic zone, Gujarat.
This new analysis uses the Joyner-Boore’s method for a magnitude-independent shape, based on geometrical spreading and anelastic
attenuation, for the attenuation curve. The resulting attenuation equation is,
where, Y is peak horizontal acceleration in g, Mw is moment magnitude, rjb is the closest distance to the surface projection of the fault rupture in kilometers, and S is a variable taking the values
of 0 and 1 according to the local site geology. S is 0 for a rock site, and, S is 1 for a soil site. The relation differs
from previous work in the improved reliability of input parameters and large numbers of strong-motion PGA data recorded at
short distances (0–50 km) from the source. The relation is in demonstrable agreement with the recorded strong-ground motion
data from earthquakes of Mw 3.5, 4.1, 4.5, 5.6, and 7.7. There are insufficient data from the Kachchh region to adequately judge the relation for the
magnitude range 5.7 ≤ Mw ≤ 7.7. But, our ground-motion prediction model shows a reasonable correlation with the PGA data of the 29 March, 1999 Chamoli
main shock (Mw 6.5), validating our ground-motion attenuation model for an Mw6.5 event. However, our ground-motion prediction shows no correlation with the PGA data of the 10 December, 1967 Koyna main
shock (Mw 6.3). Our ground-motion predictions show more scatter in estimated residual for the distance range (0–30 km), which could
be due to the amplification/noise at near stations situated in the Kachchh sedimentary basin. We also noticed smaller residuals
for the distance range (30–300 km), which could be due to less amplification/noise at sites distant from the Kachchh basin.
However, the observed less residuals for the longer distance range (100–300 km) are less reliable due to the lack of available
PGA values in the same distance range. 相似文献