共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Yu Higuchi Yutaka Yanagimoto Kazuyoshi Hoshi Sadao Unou Fumio Akiba Kunishige Tonoike Keita Koda 《Island Arc》2007,16(3):374-393
Abstract To clarify the regional distribution and characteristics of the sedimentary deposits in the northern part of the Philippine Sea, multichannel seismic reflection surveys of 26 864 km in total length were performed. The seismic reflection data were interpreted and correlated with available Deep Sea Drilling Project/Ocean Drilling Program (DSDP/ODP) data and a general stratigraphic framework of the area was established. The sedimentary deposits in this area were divided into five layers; Units I, II, III, IV and V in ascending order. Their approximate geological ages are the Early Eocene, Middle to Late Eocene, Oligocene, Miocene and Pliocene‐Pleistocene, respectively. Seismic records were classified into three seismic facies, Facies A, B and C, on the basis of their characteristics. They were judged to represent pelagic and hemipelagic sediments of non‐volcanic origin, fine pyroclastic sediments and coarse pyroclastic or volcanic sediments, respectively, by comparing them with lithological data in the DSDP/ODP holes. From the thickness and facies distributions of these sediments, a sedimentary history in the area was reconstructed as follows. The oldest sediments in the study area, Unit I, interfinger with some parts of the Daito Ridge (acoustic basement) in the Minami Daito Basin. The geological age of the unit is estimated by microfossils in the sediment and supports the idea that this part of the Daito Ridge is composed of the Early Eocene oceanic basalt. Later, a fair amount of sediments were deposited in the Minami Daito Basin in the Middle to Late Eocene age. A large volume of volcanic materials was supplied from the Paleo‐Kyushu‐Palau Ridge in the Kita Daito Basin in the Eocene and Oligocene ages. The eastern part of the Shikoku and Parece Vela basins is characterized by volcanic sediments supplied from the Nishi Shichito and West Mariana Ridges in the Miocene age. However, pelagic and hemipelagic sediments prevail in the northern part of the Shikoku Basin in the Miocene or later. In short, the area of principal sedimentation has generally shifted from west to east through geological time, reflecting the evolution of the island arc systems with the same trend in the northern Philippine Sea. 相似文献
2.
报道了米仓山-汉南穹窿一带磷灰石裂变径迹分析结果,以制约该区白垩纪以来的剥蚀-演化历史.露头样品磷灰石裂变径迹年龄分布显示从汉南穹窿南部的核部地区向南至四川盆地北部裂变径迹的年龄逐渐变新,这与米仓山地区逆冲断裂以背驮式扩展的构造样式从汉南穹窿向南经米仓山褶皱-逆冲带发育到四川盆地北缘的构造模式相吻合.热模拟的结果显示米仓山-汉南穹窿经历了两期快速的剥蚀,其分别发生在白垩纪（约90 Ma之前）和15 Ma以来.研究区白垩纪的快速剥蚀反映了秦岭-大别造山带白垩纪的区域性剥蚀事件,这可能是对临区诸多构造事件（如西伯利亚-蒙古-中朝板块的碰撞,拉萨-羌塘-思茅-印支块体的碰撞,太平洋板块向欧亚板块的俯冲及其相关的岩浆活动）远场效应的响应;约15 Ma以来的快速剥蚀是对青藏高原隆升向东北方向传递的响应. 相似文献
3.
WeiLin Zhu XiNong Xie ZhenFeng Wang DaoJun Zhang ChengLi Zhang LiCheng Cao Lei Shao 《中国科学:地球科学(英文版)》2017,60(12):2214-2222
The study of basement geochronology provides crucial insights into the tectonic evolution of oceans. However, early studies on the basement of the Xisha Uplift were constrained by limited geophysical and seismic data; Xiyong1 was the only commercial borehole drilled during the 1970 s because of the huge thickness of overlying Cenozoic strata on the continental margin. Utilizing two newly-acquired basement samples from borehole XK1, we present petrological analysis and zircon uranium(U)-lead(Pb) isotope dating data in this paper that enhance our understanding of the formation and tectonic features of the Xisha Uplift basement. Results indicate that this basement is composed of Late Jurassic amphibole plagiogneisses that have an average zircon 206 Pb/238 U age of 152.9±1.7 Ma. However, the youngest age of these rocks, 137±1 Ma, also suggests that metamorphism termination within the Xisha basement occurred by the Early Cretaceous. These metamorphic rocks have adamellites underneath them which were formed by magmatic intrusions during the late stage of the Early Cretaceous(107.8±3.6 Ma). Thus, in contrast to the Precambrian age(bulk rubidium(Rb)-strontium(Sr) analysis, 627 Ma) suggested by previous work on the nearby Xiyong1 borehole, zircons from XK1 are likely the product of Late Mesozoic igneous activity. Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous regional metamorphism and granitic intrusions are not confined to Xisha; rocks have also been documented from areas including the Pearl River Mouth Basin and the Nansha Islands(Spratly Islands) and thus are likely closely related to large-scale and long-lasting subduction of the paleo-Pacific plate underneath the continental margins of East Asia, perhaps the result of closure of the Meso-Tethys in the South China Sea(SCS). Controversies remain as to whether, or not, the SCS region developed initially on a uniform Precambrian-aged metamorphic crystalline basement. It is clear, however, that by this time both Mesozoic compressive subduction and Cenozoic rifting and extension had significantly modified the original basement of the SCS region. 相似文献
4.
Texture and tectonic attribute of Cenozoic basin basement in the northern South China Sea 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
SUN XiaoMeng ZHANG XuQing ZHANG GongCheng LU BaoLiang YUE JunPei ZHANG Bin 《中国科学:地球科学(英文版)》2014,57(6):1199-1211
Based on the drilling data,the geological characteristics of the coast in South China,and the interpretation of the long seismic profiles covering the Pearl River Mouth Basin and southeastern Hainan Basin,the basin basement in the northern South China Sea is divided into four structural layers,namely,Pre-Sinian crystalline basement,Sinian-lower Paleozoic,upper Paleozoic,and Mesozoic structural layers.This paper discusses the distribution range and law and reveals the tectonic attribute of each structural layer.The Pre-Sinian crystalline basement is distributed in the northern South China Sea,which is linked to the Pre-Sinian crystalline basement of the Cathaysian Block and together they constitute a larger-scale continental block—the Cathaysian-northern South China Sea continental block.The Sinian-lower Paleozoic structural layer is distributed in the northern South China Sea,which is the natural extension of the Caledonian fold belt in South China to the sea area.The sediments are derived from southern East China Sea-Taiwan,Zhongsha-Xisha islands and Yunkai ancient uplifts,and some small basement uplifts.The Caledonian fold belt in the northern South China Sea is linked with that in South China and they constitute the wider fold belt.The upper Paleozoic structural layer is unevenly distributed in the northern South China.In the basement of Beibu Gulf Basin and southwestern Taiwan Basin,the structural layer is composed of the stable epicontinental sea deposit.The distribution areas in the Pearl River Mouth Basin and the southeastern Hainan Basin belong to ancient uplifts in the late Paleozoic,lacking the upper Paleozoic structural layers.The stratigraphic distribution and sedimentary environment in Middle-Late Jurassic to Cretaceous are characteristic of differentiation in the east and the west.The marine,paralic deposit is well developed in the basin basement of southwestern Taiwan but the volcanic activity is not obvious.The marine and paralic facies deposit is distributed in the eastern Pearl River Mouth Basin basement and the volcanic activity is stronger.The continental facies volcano-sediment in the Early Cretaceous is distributed in the basement of the western Pearl River Mouth Basin and Southeastern Hainan Basin.The Upper Cretaceous red continental facies clastic rocks are distributed in the Beibu Gulf Basin and Yinggehai Basin.The NE direction granitic volcanic-intrusive complex,volcano-sedimentary basin,fold and fault in Mesozoic basement have the similar temporal and spatial distribution,geological feature,and tectonic attribute with the coastal land in South China,and they belong to the same magma-deposition-tectonic system,which demonstrates that the late Mesozoic structural layer was formed in the background of active continental margin.Based on the analysis of basement structure and the study on tectonic attribute,the paleogeographic map of the basin basement in different periods in the northern South China Sea is compiled. 相似文献
5.
重-磁-震联合反演是获取地壳结构的重要方法.此次研究,我们主要基于全球最新的水深、重磁异常、沉积物厚度等数据,结合实测地震数据和前人研究成果,分析了中国海-西太平洋地区的莫霍面展布特征,并利用重磁震联合反演方法获得了跨越中国海-西太平洋典型剖面的地壳结构和异常体分布,揭示了陆壳到洋壳的典型变化规律.结果表明,从浙江地区到马里亚纳俯冲带,地壳结构大致呈现由厚到薄、由老到新、由复杂到简单的特征.浙江地区（扬子块体和华夏块体）地壳结构复杂,三层结构明显,地壳内断裂带发育,并伴有广泛的岩浆侵入;东海地区莫霍面起伏剧烈,地壳厚度变化较大,冲绳海槽地壳明显减薄,是其过渡壳性质的体现;西菲律宾海盆、九州-帕劳海脊、帕里西维拉海盆、马里亚纳俯冲带等构造单元地壳结构相对简单,二层结构明显.其中,西菲律宾海盆和帕里西维拉海盆地壳内部磁异常变化较为剧烈,海盆扩张过程中形成的磁异常体分布广泛,地壳厚度（5~8 km）明显小于陆壳;九州-帕劳海脊地壳厚度可达~20 km,缺失中地壳,表现为岛弧地壳结构;同源的西马里亚纳岛弧和东马里亚纳火山弧地壳结构相似,浅层磁异常体分布广泛,西马里亚纳岛弧地壳厚度（~17 km）略小于东马里亚纳火山弧（~20 km）,体现了裂离的不对称性;马里亚纳海槽具有正常的洋壳结构（~7 km）,但扩张中心未发生明显破裂.对比各构造单元地壳结构的异同点,我们进一步认识到,陆壳与洋壳之间不是孤立的,陆壳可能会演化出洋壳的结构或组分,板块的演化总是处于动态循环过程中.此研究加深了我们对中国海-西太平洋深部构造特征的整体理解,促进了我们对大陆边缘演化与板块相互作用的认识,深化了我国管辖海域及邻近地区的基础地质调查. 相似文献
6.
Abstract The pre-Oligocene structure of southwest Mexico, south of the trans-Mexico volcanic axis, is investigated from Taxco (Guerrero state, abbreviation: Gro) to the Pacific coast. Three volcano-sedimentary units are recognized; from east to west the calc-alkaline Teloloapan, tholeiitic Arcelia and calc-alkaline Zihuatanejo suites. Structural and stratigraphic data show that the Teloloapan volcanic arc, active during ?Late Jurassic and early Cretaceous, was built upon continental basement. The Teloloapan lavas are overlain by the Albian–Cenomanian Morelos platform carbonates and followed by the Upper Cretaceous Mexcala flysch. In contrast, the Arcelia pillow lavas are associated with sandstones and cherts of Albian-?Cenomanian age. The Zihuatanejo arc was also installed upon continental basement and its magmatic activity was in part coeval with Arcelia magmatism. Unlike the almost undeformed Zihuatanejo volcanic rocks, all the other volcanic units are involved in east-vergent thrusting and recumbent folding associated with ductile tectonics, as well as the Late Cretaceous Mexcala flysch overlying the Morelos platform carbonates. Contrasting with previous views, the present results do not support a major mid-Cretaceous thrusting event in the study area. The new geodynamic interpretation proposed here considers that the Arcelia rocks were formed in a marginal basin situated east of the Zihuatanejo arc. Closure of this basin in Paleocene times is responsible for the east vergent thrust tectonics in SW Mexico. 相似文献
7.
Abstract Multichannel seismic reflection profiling in the Ulleung back-arc Basin reveals that the acoustic basement largely comprises volcanic materials. The volcanics are interlayered with sediment sequences, forming an anomalously thick layer. The volcanic activities resulted in a zonation of the acoustic basement, trending northeast-southwest. In the southeastern part, the acoustic basement is deep and obscure, whereas in the northwestern part it is shallow and forms mounds and seamounts. The volcanic activities were probably initiated in the Early Miocene ( ca 20Ma). The volcanism was time-transgressive northward, associated with the possible southward drift of the Japanese islands. 相似文献
8.
渤海湾盆地是华北最大的新生代裂谷盆地,具有最完整的新生代地层记录,是研究盆地演化的理想区域.本文基于二维多期拉张模型,对渤海湾盆地内9条地震解释剖面进行新生代构造-热演化模拟,以揭示盆地拉张强度及热演化的时空差异性,为探讨盆地演化的地球动力学机制提供依据.研究结果表明:渤海湾盆地各坳陷新生代期间的总拉张系数为1.28～2.39,渤中坳陷和辽东湾坳陷的总拉张系数最大,而辽河坳陷和临清坳陷的拉张系数最小.盆地基底热流在古近纪中、晚期达到峰值71～100mW·m-2,之后逐渐降低至现今.盆地西部热流峰期出现的时间早于东部.由盆地拉张系数和基底热流的研究结果得出,渤海湾盆地新生代的拉张有着自西向东,自南向北的迁移,与沉积、沉降中心的迁移方向一致.太平洋板片新生代期间的幕式向东后撤可能是造成渤海湾盆地幕式拉张及拉张中心向东迁移的主要动力学机制. 相似文献
9.
Seven piston cores, 7–16 m long, taken between the Kuril Islands and Emperor Seamounts, have been dated using radiolarian and diatom extinction levels and correlated using volcanic ash layers. The average rate of deposition in the cores decreases from 6 cm/1000 years near the Kuril Trench to about 3.5 cm/1000 years near the seamounts. Dispersed volcanic ash is the main constituent of the cores and it comprises up to 80% of the sediments. The percentage of the ash in the sediments decreases eastward from the Kuril Islands as the rates of deposition decrease.The total thickness of the sediments in the same latitudinal belt also decreases eastward. The thickness of the sediment inferred from seismic data near the Kuril trench is about 600 m and rates of deposition are approximately 6 cm/1000 years in the Pleistocene cores. Sediment thickness near the seamounts is about 300 m, and rates of deposition are approximately 3 cm/1000 years in the Pleistocene cores. Extrapolated rates of deposition in these cores suggest that the age of the base of the sediment to the east of the Kurils is only about 10 m.y.The anomalously young age for the base of the sediments obtained by extrapolation of an assumed constant rate of deposition can be explained by Deep Sea Drilling Project data from the northwest Pacific. The sediment thickness at DSDP site 192 east of Kamchatka includes sediments from all the Cenozoic epochs except the Paleocene. Rates of deposition of sediment younger than Middle Miocene are an order of magnitude higher than those prior to this time. At DSDP sites east of Japan, either Late Miocene sediments lie directly on the basement, or sediments older than Late Miocene are very thin. Post-Middle Miocene sediments are composed primarily of glass shards. Thus, about 90% of the total thickness of sediments in the northwest Pacific is composed of sediments younger than Middle Miocene with volcanic ash as the main constituent. The volcanic ash results from the present phase of explosive volcanic activity which began in the Late Miocene in the northwest Pacific volcanic arcs. 相似文献
10.
Thermal histories of Cretaceous sedimentary basins in the Korean peninsula have been assessed to understand the response of the East Asian continental margin to subduction of the Paleo‐Pacific (Izanagi) Plate. The Izanagi Plate subducted obliquely beneath the East Asian continent during the Early Cretaceous and orthogonally in the Late Cretaceous. First, the Jinan Basin, a pull‐apart basin, was studied by illite crystallinity and apatite fission‐track analyses. Analytical results indicate that Jinan Basin sediment was heated to a maximum temperature of approximately 287°C by burial. The sediment experienced two cooling episodes during ca 95–80 Ma and after ca 30 Ma, with a quiescent period between them. A similar cooling pattern is recognized in the Gyeongsang Basin, the largest Cretaceous basin in Korea. The Jinan and Gyeongsang Basins were cooled mainly by exhumation between ca 95 and 80 Ma, but the former was exhumed slightly earlier than the latter by transpressional force due to the subduction direction change of the Izanagi Plate. Comparison of thermal history of Korean Cretaceous basins with those of granitoids in northeastern China and the accretionary complexes in southwestern Japan reveals that the Upper Cretaceous regional exhumation of the East Asian continental margin including the Korean peninsula during ca 95–80 Ma was facilitated by the subduction of the Izanagi–Pacific ridge, which migrated northeastwards with time, resulting in the end of regional exhumation at ca 80 Ma in this region. 相似文献
11.
本文收集了首都圈地区40个测点的石油地震叠加速度资料,经常规处理后得到各测点下方速度随深度变化的曲线;对9条人工地震测深剖面的解释结果进行数字化处理获得各剖面下方离散的速度数据;应用上述资料和专业地质建模软件构建了首都圈地区(115.50°E-117.60°E,38.40°N-40.75°N)范围内上地壳高精度三维P波速度模型.结果表明:华北盆地为隆坳相间区,从东至西依次是黄骅坳陷、沧县隆起和冀中坳陷,上地壳速度结构十分复杂;结晶基底的埋深变化剧烈,冀中坳陷下最深处可达10 km,沿构造走向整体呈西南深、东北浅的趋势,沧县隆起下埋深约2～4 km,黄骅坳陷下最深处则达9 km,剧烈的基底起伏反映出盆地内部不同次级构造单元的差异沉降和中、新生代以来强烈的拉张构造运动.太行山、燕山隆起下的基底埋深较盆地区浅,体现出隆起区新生代以来的抬升构造运动.本文首次将石油地震叠加速度资料用于首都圈地壳速度模型的构建,与以往用人工地震测深资料得到的模型相比,本文结果对华北盆地复杂的上地壳结构刻画得更为细致. 相似文献
12.
V. K. Illarionov A. N. Boyko G. B. Udintsev 《Izvestiya Physics of the Solid Earth》2016,52(3):382-398
This study is based on the geological and geophysical data obtained in the Bay of Bengal and adjacent part of the Mid-Indian Ocean Basin by different Russian scientific and industrial institutions in the 1980s and 1990s. The results of the more recent foreign investigations are also involved. The analysis of the collected data provided a new insight into the geological structure and evolution of the region indicating that a large dry-land area—the Bengal elevation—existed in the Cretaceous at the location of the present-day Bay of Bengal. During the Cretaceous, the geological evolution of this area was controlled by epicontinental sedimentation and active volcanism. In the Late Cretaceous, progressive submersion with the inception of the Central Basin took place in the region. The subsidence of the basement was accompanied by active differentiated tectonic movements in the southern part of the Bay of Bengal. As a result, the basement experienced fragmentation into blocks with the formation of horst and graben structures. The horst relics eventually submerged to the current depths in the Late Miocene–Pliocene. The maximal amplitude of basement submersion within the bay is more than 11 km. 相似文献
13.
A. A. Sidorov A. V. Volkov A. D. Chekhov N. E. Savva V. Yu. Alekseev K. V. Uyutnov 《Journal of Volcanology and Seismology》2011,5(6):386-398
According to the concepts of accretionary tectonics, the region of interest was a dynamically evolving active continental
margin during Mesozoic/Cenozoic time; this is reflected in the generation of nine volcano-plutonic belts that successively
evolved from northwest to southeast. Most of these evolved in parallel with the present-day location of the Kuril-Kamchatka
deep-sea trench: the Late Jurassic/Early Cretaceous Uda-Murgali belt (UMVB) the Uyandina-Yasachnaya (UYVB), the Oloi belt
(OVB), the Late Cretaceous/Paleogene Okhotsk-Chukchi belt (OChVB), the Late Cretaceous/Paleogene East-Sikhote-Alin’ belt (ESVB),
the Eocene/Oligocene Koryak-West-Kamchatka belt (KWKVB), the Oligocene/Quaternary Central Kamchatka belt (CKVB), and the Pliocene/Quaternary
East Kamchatka belt (EKVB). The successively younger age of the volcanic belts since the Early Cretaceous is in correspondence
with the displacement of the volcanic arc-trench system toward the Pacific Ocean. Apart from the above-mentioned volcanogenic
belts, the Omolon craton terrane also contains the pre-accretionary Devonian Kedon marginal volcanogenic belt (KVB). All the
volcanogenic belts and the surrounding perivolcanic zones of tectono-magmatic activation (TMA) form the world-largest metallogenic
province with a polychronous volcanogenic-plutonogenic metallization of various compositions. 相似文献
14.
LI Wei DONG YunPeng GUO AnLin LIU XiaoMing LIU YiQun ZHA XianFeng ZHANG KuaiLe 《中国科学:地球科学(英文版)》2013,56(10):1639-1653
The Qinling Orogenic Belt is divided commonly by the Fengxian-Taibai strike-slip shear zone and the Huicheng Basin into the East and West Qinling mountains,which show significant geological differences after the Indosinian orogeny.The Fengxian-Taibai fault zone and the Meso-Cenozoic Huicheng Basin,situated at the boundary of the East and West Qinling,provide a natural laboratory for tectonic analysis and sedimentological study of intracontinental tectonic evolution of the Qinling Orogenic Belt.In order to explain the dynamic development of the Huicheng Basin and elucidate its post-orogenic tectonic evolution at the junction of the East and West Qinling,we studied the geometry and kinematics of fault zones between the blocks of West Qinling,as well as the sedimentary fill history of the Huicheng Basin.First,we found that after the collisional orogeny in the Late Triassic,post-orogenic extensional collapse occurred in the Early and Middle Jurassic within the Qinling Orogenic Belt,resulting in a series of rift basins.Second,in the Late Jurassic and Early Cretaceous,a NE-SW compressive stress field caused large-scale sinistral strike-slip faults in the Qinling Orogenic Belt,causing intracontinental escape tectonics at the junction of the East and West Qinling,including eastward finite escape of the East Qinling micro-plate and southwest lateral escape of the Bikou Terrane.Meanwhile,the strike-slip-related Early Cretaceous sedimentary basin was formed with a right-order echelon arrangement in sinistral shear zones along the southern margin of the Huicheng fault.Overall during the Mesozoic,the Huicheng Basin and surrounding areas experienced four tectonic evolutionary stages,including extensional rift basin development in the Early and Middle Jurassic,intense compressive uplift in the Late Jurassic,formation of a strike-slip extensional basin in the Early Cretaceous,and compressive uplift in the Late Cretaceous. 相似文献
15.
针对性选取东南沿海露头剖面18条,采集245件南海盆地基底可能出现的岩性样品,测定其密度和磁化率,建立各种岩性的密度-磁化率交会图版,以此约束过井地震剖面和重磁异常的地质解释,总结出南海北部盆地基底火山岩、侵入岩、变质岩和沉积岩4大类11亚类岩性的地震-重磁响应特征.应用重磁震-岩性解释模型逐一对南海盆地北部主干剖面进行地质-地球物理综合解释,从而实现了盆地基底岩性的平面填图.这种从盆缘剖面到盆地内部、从岩石物性测量到地质-地球物理综合解释的方法,在资料获取难度大、地质条件复杂的南海盆地基底地质研究中,业已证明是行之有效的,相信在其他盆地研究中也会有借鉴意义. 相似文献
16.
基于中国地震科学探测台阵在鄂尔多斯及周边地区布设的461个地震台为期2年的地震观测资料,采用背景噪声层析成像方法,研究获得了鄂尔多斯及周边地区5—46 s周期、分辨率高达0.3°×0.3°的瑞雷面波相速度分布图像。与基于程函方程的地震面波成像结果对比看出,噪声层析成像在较短周期具有明显的优势（5—16 s）,可以获得更高分辨率的成像结果。短周期（5—10 s）的相速度分布揭示,河套盆地、太原盆地和运城盆地等均表现为显著的低速异常,表明这些盆地的新生代沉积较厚,临汾盆地为弱低速异常,推测其沉积层相对较薄;鄂尔多斯地块内部浅层速度较低,与该地区中生代具有较厚的沉积相一致;大同火山区为高速异常,可能是由该地区分布的新生代玄武岩引起的。鄂尔多斯内部中上地壳存在明显的北东向高速异常带,推测很可能与鄂尔多斯地块的基底拼合有关。中长周期（20—44 s）的相速度成像结果显示,鄂尔多斯地块表现为明显的高速异常,该异常在灵石隆起和临汾盆地一带可向东延伸至太行山造山带,推测这一地区在华北克拉通破坏过程中属于破坏较轻的地区,保留了部分高速的岩石圈根。大同火山区及河套盆地地区具有明显的低速异常,随着周期的增加低速异常逐渐集中分布在大同火山区附近,推测河套盆地深部热作用可能源自其东部大同火山区附近的深部地幔。 相似文献
17.
对华南地区有代表性的几条宽角地震剖面进行了研究,利用初动到时资料拟合剖面地带地壳上部详细的速度分布,结合其他地球物理资料与地质资料对地壳基底和沉积盖层的构造进行了综合解释. 结果表明,浙-闽-粤东部地区在地壳基底上分布一系列中生代火山岩断陷盆地,火山岩盖层厚度变化为1000-4000m. 浙西-皖南以及湘-赣地区地壳基底起伏较大,盖层主要为古生界,并发育许多受基底形态与边界断裂控制的小型中生代白垩纪盆地. 华南西部的楚雄盆地为一构造复杂的深坳陷,其中侏罗-白垩系的厚度超过10km,并被分割为东部斜坡和西部坳陷两个单元,而西部坳陷又被一中央隆起分割为东、西两个更次级的凹陷. 区内一些主要的断裂构造在速度等值线图上均有明显的反映,如东部的江绍断裂、莲花山断裂和吴川-四会断裂以及西部的程海断裂和绿汁江断裂都是重要的构造分界,此外众多的基底断裂多是盆地与隆起的边界. 相似文献
18.
黄河断裂是银川盆地内展布最长、切割最深的一条深大断裂,也是银川盆地的东边界。由于其北段呈隐伏状,因此,该段的活动性和滑动速率长期未知,影响了对盆地演化和地震危险性的认识。文中选择具有石油地震勘探基础的陶乐镇为研究场点,以人工浅层地震勘探结果为依据,在黄河断裂北段布设了一排钻孔联合剖面,并对标志层进行年代测试,获得了断裂的活动时代和滑动速率。结果表明,黄河断裂北段在晚更新世末期或全新世有过活动,在（28.16±0.12）ka BP 以来的累积位移为0.96m,晚第四纪以来的平均滑动速率为0.04mm/a,该值明显低于南段灵武断层（0.24mm/a）;尽管向下切割了莫霍面,黄河断裂晚第四纪活动强度和发震能力均要低于切割相对浅的贺兰山东麓断裂;黄河断裂可能在新生代之前已经强烈活动并深切莫霍面,新生代以来,银川盆地的构造活动迁移分解到以贺兰山东麓断裂为主的多条断裂之上,地壳双层伸展模型可解释银川盆地现今深浅部构造活动间的联系。 相似文献
19.
Toshihiro Ike Gregory F. Moore Shin'ichi Kuramoto Jin-Oh Park Yoshiyuki Kaneda Asahiko Taira 《Island Arc》2008,17(3):358-375
Abstract When seamounts and other topographic highs on an oceanic plate are subducted, they cause significant deformation of the overriding plate and may act as asperities deeper in the seismogenic zone. Kashinosaki Knoll (KK) is an isolated basement high of volcanic origin on the subducting Philippine Sea Plate that will soon be subducted at the eastern Nankai Trough. Seismic reflection imaging reveals a thick accumulation of sediments (∼1200 m) over and around the knoll. The lower portion of the sedimentary section has a package of high-amplitude, continuous reflections, interpreted as turbidites, that lap onto steep basement slopes but are parallel to the gentler basement slopes. Total sediment thickness on the western and northern slopes is approximately 40–50% more than on the summit and southeastern slopes of KK. These characteristics imply that the basal sedimentary section northwest of KK was deposited by infrequent high-energy turbidity currents, whereas the area southeast of KK was dominated by hemipelagic sedimentation over asymmetric basement relief. From the sediment structure and magnetic anomalies, we estimate that the knoll likely formed near the spreading center of the Shikoku Basin in the early Miocene. Its origin differs from that of nearby Zenisu Ridge, which is a piece of the Shikoku Basin crust uplifted along a thrust fault related to the collision of the Izu–Bonin arc and Honshu. KK has been carried into the margin of the Nankai Trough, and its high topography is deflecting Quaternary trench turbidites to the south. When KK collides with the accretionary prism in about 1 My, the associated variations in sediment type and thickness around the knoll will likely result in complex local variations in prism deformation. 相似文献