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1.
澜沧-耿马地震的震源机制研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
本文利用中国数字化地震台网（CDSN）记录的2°-40°范围内的长周期P波垂直分量波形资料,通过理论地震图拟合的方法,研究了1988年云南澜沧-耿马地震主震及两个余震的震源机制.结果表明,主震由三个震源机制不尽相同的子事件组成.第一个子事件的震源机制为:走向N30°W,倾角88°,错动角185°,地震矩为0.55×1020Nm.第二个子事件的震源机制为:走向N33°W,倾角90°,错动角209°,地震矩0.24×1020Nm,延迟时间为25s.第三个子事件的震源机制为:走向N65°W,倾角82°,错动角172°,地震矩为0.14×1020Nm,延迟时间为70s.这种在空间上相距甚小而在时间上有分离、子事件的震源机制相差较为显著的复杂震源过程,与现场综合考察所见的地表裂缝分布一致,可以解释为单一裂缝的X型共轭剪切破裂,两个余震震源机制均为:走向N10°W,倾角86°,错动角185°,地震矩分别为0.54×1018Nm和4.29×1018Nm. 相似文献
2.
研究了2001年2月四川省雅江县发生的MS5.0前震、MS6.0主震及序列地震的震源机制、波谱参数及应力降的变化过程与震区地震活动．根据雅江地震的震源机制解，并结合余震空间分布图象分析，选雅江5.0级的节面Ⅰ为推测的地震断层，走向NNE；选雅江6.0级地震的节面Ⅱ为推测的地震断层，走向WNW，分析前震与主震的断层面走向是斜交的．雅江6.0级地震发生前震区应力降水平有所增加，这一现象与震区地震活动的增加是一致的．雅江地震序列的衰减起伏过程, 前、余震波谱变化, 以及震源力学错动机制等均呈现复杂特征． 相似文献
3.
运用反演理论探讨了由“零频”资料反演大地震震源模式的基本原理和方法,并用大地测量资料反演了1976年唐山7.8级地震的位错模式。得到的结果表明唐山地震的发震构造是一个总体走向为北东49°的右旋-正断层,断层面倾向南东,倾角76°。这个地震的断层长84公里,宽34公里,走向滑动错距459厘米,倾向滑动错距50厘米,地震矩4.3×1027达因-厘米,应力降29巴,应变降4.3×10-5,释放的能量3.7×1023尔格。由形变资料反演的平均错距和地震矩远大于由地震波资料定出的平均错距（270厘米）和地震矩(1.8×1027达因-厘米),它表明在地震区的地壳内震前可能已经发生了无震滑动--断层蠕动。无震滑动的规模比主震还要大一些,它的矩估计约为2.5×1027达因-厘米。唐山地震前虽然没有前震,但是却有规模这么大的“震前蠕动”,这可能是唐山地震与其他许多有前震的地震（如海城地震）的根本区别,它的许多与别的地震不同的前兆可能与此有关。 相似文献
4.
1974年5月11日,在云南省昭通地区发生了7.1级地震。震中区位于金沙江下游南岸的山地中。 本文中,作者分析了震区大地测量资料,根据破裂与应变的关系,确立这次地震震源破裂属于逆冲型。依据烈度衰减和余震分布特征建立了矩形滑动断层模式参数,并应用曼辛哈（Mansinha）和斯迈利（smylie）给出的倾斜、有限滑动断层位移场的精确解析表达式,求得平均倾向滑距。结果是:断层走向N6°W,倾向N84°E,倾角60°,断面长20公里,宽30公里;断面顶部距地表深度2.5公里;平均倾向滑距2.8米,地震矩5.4×1026达因·厘米;应力降51巴;释放的应变能下限1.2×1023尔格。 作者还扼要地讨论了P波节面解和这次地震发生的构造条件,并解释了一些宏观地震现象。 相似文献
5.
2013年4月20日发生了四川芦山MS7.0地震,主震中位于青藏地块与华南地块结合部的龙门山断裂带南端.本研究用双差定位法对芦山地震主震及余震序列进行重新定位,得到主震位置为(30.29°N,102.97°E,17.82 km)及4100多次余震重新定位结果.利用GSN/IRIS台网和国家台网及四川省区域台网的波形数据对主震及部分余震进行了震源机制解反演.结果表明,主震为一次逆冲地震,根据余震序列分布确定发震断层面走向为200°,震源机制解断层倾角为45°.基于震源断层面解和断层滑动方向,采用力轴张量计算法得到了研究区域的平均主压应力方向约为N112°E. 相似文献
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根据近场小孔径观测台网记录的余震序列资料，研究了2000年1月15日云南姚安MS6.4地震序列的地震物理过程. 用地震标定律关系估算主震的地震矩M0=1.58×1018N·m，矩震级MW=6.0，平均位错=0.63m，断层长度L=16.6km，断层宽度W=5.6km. 余震序列的高精度定位结果和能量分布走向，很好地证实了主震的断层破裂走向为N50°W，震区马尾菁断裂为主震发震构造，断层错动性质以右旋走滑为主. 用横波记录资料及波谱分析方法估算出余震的震源参数: 地震矩范围为1010～1016N·m，震源破裂半径a为80～500m，地震应力降范围为0.01～9.5MPa. 较大应力降(Δσ>1.0MPa)沿主断层线性排列，大应力降(Δσ>2.0MPa)与ML≥3.0级地震相关. 余震能量释放和高应力降的地震多发生在6.0～11km的深度范围，说明在这一深度范围内最大程度地集中了地壳中的应力. 相似文献
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2016年4月15日16时25分（UTC），日本熊本县发生MW7.1强烈地震，给当地人员、建筑及经济造成严重灾难和巨大损失.日本地震观测网F-net给出的震源机制解显示此次地震的震源位置为130.7630°E，32.7545°N，深度12.45 km，节面Ⅰ：走向N131°E、倾角53°、滑动角-7°；节面Ⅱ：走向N226°E、倾角84°、滑动角-142°.与此同时，余震的震中分布及其震源机制结果显示主震的震源机制在破裂过程中有可能发生了变化，单一的震源机制不足以充分解释观测数据.本文依据GNSS和InSAR地表形变反演结果为约束，并结合活动构造资料为参考，构建了震源机制变化的有限断层模型，采用水平层状介质模型，利用日本强震观测台网K-NET和KiK-net的近场加速度观测记录，通过多时间窗线性波形反演方法反演了此次地震的震源破裂过程.研究结果显示，这是一次沿Futagawa-Hinagu断层带发生的右旋走滑破裂事件，发震断层分为南北两段，其中北段走向N235°E、倾角60°，南段走向N205°E、倾角72°，断层深度范围和余震深度分布基本一致，断层面上滑动主要集中于断层北段，最大滑动量约7.9 m，整个断层的破裂过程持续约18 s，释放地震矩5.47×1019 N·m（MW7.1）. 相似文献
8.
宁洱地震序列的震源机制解分析 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
利用云南数字地震台网资料得到宁洱地震序列的主震、5.1级强余震和52个余震震源机制解.分析表明,该地震序列的发震断裂呈NW走向,倾角陡立.在接近水平的近南北向压应力作用下,断裂具有右旋走滑的错动性质.主震、强余震和众多的余震都发生在同一发震断裂上.大量的余震震源机制解结果与主震一致,是地震序列的主要破裂类型,但还存在与主要类型不一致的倾向滑动类型,这可能与余震破裂起始点的微构造控制作用有关,但是它们呈水平向的应力轴与主震的主应力轴一致.NW向断层作右旋走向错动,滑动断层推挤的象限都是逆冲类型的余震,而拉张的象限都是正断层类型的地震.宁洱地震序列的震源机制和周围4次5级以上地震的震源机制相同,表明震源区应力场和区域应力场完全一致,宁洱地震的孕育和发生受区域应力场的控制. 相似文献
9.
基于中国国家和四川区域数字地震台网记录,采用HypoDD方法精确定位了四川芦山ML2.0级以上地震序列的震源位置,采用CAP方法反演了36次ML4.0级以上地震的最佳双力偶震源机制解,并利用小震分布和区域应力场拟合了可能存在的发震断层面参数,从而综合分析了芦山地震序列的震源深度、震源机制和震源破裂面特征,探讨可能的发震构造.结果显示,7.0级主震的震源位置为30.30°N、102.97°E,初始破裂深度为15 km左右,震源矩心深度为14 km左右,最佳双力偶震源机制解的两组节面分别为走向209°/倾角46°/滑动角94°和走向23°/倾角44°/滑动角86°,可视为纯逆冲型地震破裂,绝大多数ML4.0级以上余震的震源机制也表现出与主震类似的逆冲破裂特征.ML2.0级以上余震序列发生在主震两侧,集中分布的长轴为30 km左右,震源深度主要集中在5～27 km,ML3.5级以上较大余震则集中分布在9～25 km的深度上,并揭示出发震断层倾向北西的特征.利用小震分布和区域应力场拟合得到发震断层参数为走向207°/倾角50°/滑动角92°,绝大多数余震发生在断层面附近10 km左右的区域.综合地震序列分布特征、主震震源深度和已有破裂过程研究结果,可以推测主震破裂过程自初始点沿断层的两侧扩展破裂,南侧破裂比北侧稍长,滑动量主要集中在初始破裂点附近,可能没有破裂到地表.综合本文研究成果、地震烈度分布和现有的科学考察结果,初步推测发震构造为龙门山山前断裂,也不排除主震震中东侧还存在一条未知的基底断裂发震的可能性. 相似文献
10.
2012年6月30日新疆维吾尔自治区新源-和静县交界发生MS6.6地震,该地震是2010年青海玉树7.1级地震和2013年4月20日四川芦山7.0级地震之间中国大陆发生的最大的地震.本文基于新疆数字地震台网记录的此次地震序列震相资料,分别用绝对和相对定位方法联合对其进行重新定位,重新定位后余震展布为NW向,主震位置为43.429°N,84.755°E,深度为21.8 km.基于新疆地震台网记录6.6级地震波形数据,本文用CAP方法反演了震源机制解和震源深度.结果显示：MS6.6地震震源机制解：节面Ⅰ走向39°,倾角46°,滑动角12°,节面Ⅱ走向301°,倾角81°,滑动角135°;震源深度为21 km,与利用地震震相到时确定的主震震源深度基本一致.主震震源机制解的节面Ⅱ与伊犁盆地北缘断裂走向和倾角基本一致,综合精确定位余震展布和伊犁盆地北缘断裂性质分析认为,新源-和静MS6.6地震发震构造是伊犁盆地北缘断裂,震源深度为21 km左右,是一个高角的内陆倾滑地震. 相似文献
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针对2008年8月30日在四川攀枝花-会理发生的Ms6.1地震序列,本研究基于四川和云南两省数字地震台网的宽频带波形记录,采用CAP方法反演了该序列主震及ML≥4.0余震的震源机制解.结果显示:主震震源机制解的两个主应力轴仰角小于10°,其中,主压力轴方位为140°;节面之一走向185°、西倾83°、滑动角5°,显示左旋走滑略兼逆冲分量的断层作用性质.结合余震、烈度分布以及震区的活动构造,判定该节面代表了主震的发震断层面,相应的发震断层应是穿越震区的近南北向红格断裂(南段).本研究还获得主震震源机制解的最佳拟合误差深度为10 km,与该事件的定位结果相一致.该序列中6次ML≥4.0余震也具有与主震类似的震源机制解.分析初步表明:空间上,2008年攀枝花-会理Ms6.1地震序列的震源机制解与研究区内更早地震的震源机制解具有良好的协调性,反映了该序列是在川滇地块SE-SSE向水平运动的背景下、沿近S-N向红格断裂发生左旋走滑略兼逆冲运动的结果. 相似文献
12.
MECHANISM OF THE 2015 PISHAN,XINJIANG, MS6.5 MAINSHOCK AND RELOCATION OF ITS AFTERSHOCK SEQUENCES 
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下载免费PDF全文 Using the digital broadband seismic data recorded by Xinjiang network stations, we obtained focal mechanism of the July 3 Pishan, Xinjiang, MS6.5 earthquake with generalized Cut and Paste(gCAP)inversion method. The strike, dip and rake of first nodal plane are 97°, 27°, 51°, and the second nodal plane are 318°, 70°, 107°. The centroid depth and moment magnitude are calculated to be 12km and 6.4. Combining with the distribution of aftershocks, we conclude that the first nodal plane is the seismogenic fault, and the main shock presents a thrust earthquake at low angle. We relocated 1014 earthquakes using the double-difference algorithm, and finally obtained 937 relocated events. Our results show that the earthquake sequences clearly demonstrate a unilateral extension about 50km nearly in NWW direction, and are mainly located above 25km depth, especially the small earthquakes are predominately located at the shallow parts. Furthermore, the focal depth profile shows a southwestward dipping fault plane at the main shock position, suggesting listric thrust faulting, which is consistent with the dip of the mainshock rupture plane. The spatial distribution of aftershocks represents that the Tarim block was thrust under the West Kunlun orogenic belt. In addition, the dip angle of the fault plane gradually increases along the NWW direction, possibly suggesting a gradual increase of strike-slip component during the NWW rupturing process. From above, we conclude that the Pishan MS6.5 earthquake is the result of Tibet plateau pushing onto the Tarim block from south to north, which further confirms that the continuous collision of India plate and Eurasia plate has strong influence on the seismic activity in and around the Tibet plateau. 相似文献
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Introduction An MS=6.0 earthquake occurred on February 23, 2001 in Yajiang county, Sichuan Province. The earthquake is located on the east of the southeast segment of the Litang-Dewu fault with strike of NW. Before the event, on February 14, an MS=5.0 earthquake took place nearly in the same place. In 1948 an MS=7.3 earthquake occurred on the northwestern segment of the Litang fault. The length of the surface rupture belt caused by the earthquake is 70 km, which extended from Litang to… 相似文献
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由 P 波初动符号资料在 DJS-6机上计算了主震及17个较大余震的断层面解,并按照有限移动源模式测定了主震及三个最大余震的震源参数.主震是发生在一个近似直立的右旋走滑断层上,走向 N30°E,破裂方式为不对称的双侧破裂,以2.7公里/秒的平均速度向北东传播70公里,向南西传播45公里.测定的主震震源参数例如平均位错136厘米,地震矩1.24×1027达因·厘米,应力降12巴等.大多数ML>5.0的余震是发生在主破裂面附近及主破裂面两端的扩展分支上,该扩展分支位于膨胀符号区并与主破裂偏离80°左右.较大余震的多数亦集中在这两个扩展分支上.本文试图从理论上分析这种断裂扩展的力学特征.对于脆性材料的复合变形情形,破裂不再沿原来平面扩展,而是与原来平面偏离一个角度的另一面内扩展.并提出一个力学模型,计算了断层扩展角,计算结果与观测事实比较吻合.根据以上结果,本文讨论了唐山地震特点及发生的力学条件,认为唐山地震不同于发生在大断层上能用粘滑机制解释的那类地震,它和海城地震类似的是,除水平应力场作用外,还可能有地下物质的变迁,由于这种变迁使局部地壳受到垂直力.它和海城地震不同的是,它发生在一个比较均匀的脆性介质内,因而能够积累能量发生大震而没有前震. 相似文献
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In this paper changes in focal mechanisms) parameters of wave spectra, and stress drops for the Ms=5.0 forcshock and Ms=6.0 mainshock in February 2001 in Yajiang County, Sichuan, and seismicity in cpiccntral region are studied. Comparison of focal mechanisms for the Yajiang earthquakes with distribution patterns of aftcrshocks, the nodal plane Ⅰ, striking in the direction of NEN, of the Yajiang M=5.0 event is chosen as the faulting plane, the nodal plane Ⅱ, striking in the direction of WNW, of the M=6.0 event as the faulting plane. The strikes of the two faulting planes are nearly perpendicular to each other. The level of stress drops in the cpicentral region before the occurrence of the M=6.0 earthquake increases, which is consistent with increase of seismicity in the epicentral region. The rate decay of the Yajiang earthquake sequence, changes in wave spectra for foreshocks and aftershocks,and focal mechanisms are complex. 相似文献
16.
In this paper changes in focal mechanisms, parameters of wave spectra, and stress drops for the M S=5.0 foreshock and M S=6.0 mainshock in February 2001 in Yajiang County, Sichuan, and seismicity in epicentral region are studied. Comparison of focal mechanisms for the Yajiang earthquakes with distribution patterns of aftershocks, the nodal plane I, striking in the direction of NEN, of the Yajiang M=5.0 event is chosen as the faulting plane; the nodal plane II, striking in the direction of WNW, of the M=6.0 event as the faulting plane. The strikes of the two faulting planes are nearly perpendicular to each other. The level of stress drops in the epicentral region before the occurrence of the M=6.0 earthquake increases, which is consistent with increase of seismicity in the epicentral region. The rate decay of the Yajiang earthquake sequence, changes in wave spectra for foreshocks and aftershocks, and focal mechanisms are complex. 相似文献
17.
Based on the digital waveforms of Xinjiang Seismic Network, the Hutubi MS6.2 earthquake sequence (ML ≥ 1.0) was relocated precisely by HypoDD.The best double-couple focal mechanisms of the main shock and aftershocks of ML ≥ 4.0 were determined by the CAP method. We analyzed the characteristics of spatial distribution, focal mechanisms and the seismogenic structure of earthquake sequence. The results show that the main shock is located at 43.775 9°N, 86.363 4°E; the depth of the initial rupture and centriod is about 15.388km and 17km. The earthquake sequence extends unilaterally along NWW direction with an extension length of about 15km and a depth ranging 5~15km. The characteristics of the depth profiles show that the seismogenic fault plane dips northward and the faulting is dominated by thrusting. The nodal planes parameters of the best double-couple focal mechanisms are:strike 292°, dip 62° and rake 80° for nodal plane I, and strike 132°, dip 30° and rake 108° for nodal plane Ⅱ, indicating that the main shock is of thrust faulting. The dip of nodal planeⅠis consistent with the dip of the depth profile, which is inferred to be the fault plane of seismogenic fault of this earthquake. According to the comprehensive analysis of the relocation results, the focal mechanism and geological structure in the source region, it is preliminarily inferred that the seismogenic structure of the Hutubi MS6.2 earthquake may be a backthrust on the deeper concealed thrust slope at the south of Qigu anticline. The earthquake is a "folding" earthquake taking place under the stress field of Tianshan expanding towards the Junggar Basin. 相似文献
18.
A strong earthquake with magnitude MS6.2 hit Hutubi, Xinjiang at 13:15:03 on December 8th, 2016(Beijing Time). In order to better understand its mechanism, we performed centroid moment tensor inversion using the broadband waveform data recorded at stations from the Xinjiang regional seismic network by employing gCAP method. The best double couple solution of the MS6.2 mainshock on December 8th, 2016 estimated from local and near-regional waveforms is strike:271°, dip:64ånd rake:90° for nodal plane I, and strike:91°, dip:26ånd rake:90°for nodal plane Ⅱ; the centroid depth is about 21km and the moment magnitude(MW)is 5.9. ISO, CLVD and DC, the full moment tensor, of the earthquake accounted for 0.049%, 0.156% and 99.795%, respectively. The share of non-double couple component is merely 0.205%. This indicates that the earthquake is of double-couple fault mode, a typical tectonic earthquake featuring a thrust-type earthquake of squeezing property.The double difference(HypoDD)technique provided good opportunities for a comparative study of spatio-temporal properties and evolution of the aftershock sequences, and the earthquake relocation was done using HypoDD method. 486 aftershocks are relocated accurately and 327 events are obtained, whose residual of the RMS is 0.19, and the standard deviations along the direction of longitude, latitude and depth are 0.57km, 0.6km and 1.07km respectively. The result reveals that the aftershocks sequence is mainly distributed along the southern marginal fault of the Junggar Basin, extending about 35km to the NWW direction as a whole; the focal depths are above 20km for most of earthquakes, while the main shock and the biggest aftershock are deeper than others. The depth profile shows a relatively steep dip angle of the seismogenic fault plane, and the aftershocks dipping northward. Based on the spatial and temporal distribution features of the aftershocks, it is considered that the seismogenic fault plane may be the nodal plane I and the dip angle is about 271°. The structure of the Hutubi earthquake area is extremely complicated. The existing geological structure research results show that the combination zone between the northern Tianshan and the Junggar Basin presents typical intracontinental active tectonic features. There are numerous thrust fold structures, which are characterized by anticlines and reverse faults parallel to the mountains formed during the multi-stage Cenozoic period. The structural deformation shows the deformation characteristics of longitudinal zoning, lateral segmentation and vertical stratification. The ground geological survey and the tectonic interpretation of the seismic data show that the recoil faults are developed near the source area of the Hutubi earthquake, and the recoil faults related to the anticline are all blind thrust faults. The deep reflection seismic profile shows that there are several listric reverse faults dipping southward near the study area, corresponding to the active hidden reverse faults; At the leading edge of the nappe, there are complex fault and fold structures, which, in this area, are the compressional triangular zone, tilted structure and northward bedding backthrust formation. Integrating with geological survey and seismic deep soundings, the seismogenic fault of the MS6.2 earthquake is classified as a typical blind reverse fault with the opposite direction close to the southern marginal fault of the Junggar Basin, which is caused by the fact that the main fault is reversed by a strong push to the front during the process of thrust slip. Moreover, the Manas earthquake in 1906 also occurred near the southern marginal fault in Junggar, and the seismogenic mechanism was a blind fault. This suggests that there are some hidden thrust fault systems in the piedmont area of the northern Tianshan Mountains. These faults are controlled by active faults in the deep and contain multiple sets of active faults. 相似文献
19.
我们研究了1975年2月4日海城地震(M=7.3)前震的定位及其辐射图象.用六个区域台的到时,相对于一次参考地震,将前震及主震进行了定位.这组前震开始相互很接近,然后随时间及其分布有一定的延伸.最大前震前,前震均位于直径约两公里的小体积内,而在最大前震后,其活动则向北西和南东方向扩展,形成六公里长的在北西方向上伸展的分布带.初动及 P 波 S 波振幅比表明,在前震系列中有两种不同的断裂机制.我们推测这两种辐射图象可能和前震处于分布带的不同部位有关.可能主震震源不处于前震震源所决定的断层上,而是位于这组前震南面6公里、且较这组前震浅几公里处.我们认为,在垂直于主震破裂面及前震分布带走向的方向上,前震和主震相距这么大的距离,可能是由于主震时产生滑动的断层是以雁行排列的.分析了在前震期间断层上滑动所引起的应力变化,认为由前震引起的主震断层上剪应力的增加是很小的.因之由前震直接触发主震的可能性不大. 相似文献