共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 203 毫秒
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在经典的水文地质学专著中,有这样两句话:“地下水动态是地下水均衡的外部表现;地下水均衡是导致动态变化的内在原因”。也就是说,水位变化反映着含水层内水量的均衡。属于正均衡,水位上升;属于负均衡,水位下降。这一观点,在很长时期内成为研究地下水动态的基本指导思想。无疑:这在研究浅层地下水资源评价中是正确的。尽管在邢台地震后广大地震工作者观测到一些与含水层水量变化毫不相干的水位动态,但由于理论准备不足,对那些动态的意义和价值认识不够,未引起足够的重视和深入的研究。全国第二代地震地下水观测网的建设和大量观测资料的取得,为研究地下水动态提供了新鲜的思路与途径,推动着地震地下水工作的飞速发展。在1981年国家地震局组织的地下水影响因素研究组的研究成果《地震地下水动态及其影响因素》专著中首 相似文献
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本文介绍了中国地震地下水动态观测井网的概貌。文中论述了该网观测井的分布、井孔结构、观测层与地下水特征、观测项目与仪器以及地下水位动态类型,分析了井网的地震监测与预报效能。 相似文献
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本文研究了河北平山温泉的水文地质条件和由此而引起的水位与水温、水氡的变化特征及其相互关系。阐述了地下水动力条件(主要表现在水位方面)及其它因素对水温特别是水氡变化的影响。指出,在某些温泉地区的地下水化学观测中,在搞清区域水文及地质条件的基础上,应将热水的动态规律以及与有关的冷水动态规律进行综合考虑,以利寻找二者之间的相互关系,为判别地震信息或者干扰提供依据。 相似文献
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多年来利用地下流体异常预报地震主要依靠的是单项观测资料，随着地震预测研究的深入和监测技术的发展，开展单井多项观测和提取综合前兆异常已是面临着的新任务。本文据张道口井的多年多项流体观测资料，提出了单井流体异常综合信息量的计算方法。 相似文献
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地下水动态趋势和短临异常 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
在无其他因素引起水量增、减条件下,地下水动态大于一年的趋势变化是地下水动态的异常变化。识别地下水动态异常变化的条件是调查观测井的水文地质环境、水动力条件及水量有无变化。在趋势异常发展背景下地下水动态趋势的转折与地震活动有关。列举了河间等三口井近年来的水位观测结果,表明短临异常在震前均有趋势变化背景,因此短临异常的判别要以趋势变化分析为基础。地下水动态趋势异常和短临异常随时间的分布是有序的,用序列异常方法分析异常与地震活动形势,研究序列异常发生、发展、演变的规律与地震活动的关系,对地震发生的时间和强度有较好的预报意义。 相似文献
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Zhang Suxin 《中国地震研究》2007,21(4):428-436
The overexploitation of underground water leads to the continuous drawdown of groundwater levels, change of water quality and dry-up in dynamic water level observation wells. Due to land subsidence, the well pipes uplift and the observation piping systems are damaged. These environmental geology problems can present serious difficulties for the identification of earthquake anomalies by groundwater level observation. Basied on hydrogeological theories and methods, the paper analyzes the relations of the water balance state of aquifers with stress-strain conditions and the water level regime, and then discusses preliminarily the theory and method for identifying well water level anomalies in a groundwater overdraft area. The result shows that we can accurately judge the nature of the anomaly according to the diffusion character of the drawdown funnel in the well area in combination with the aforementioned theory and method and multi-year variation patterns obtained from existing data. The results of the research are helpful for distinguishing the influence of single centralized water pumping from the long-term overdraft of water on the water level, correctly recognizing water level anomalies in the groundwater overdraft area and increasing the level of earthquake analysis and prediction. 相似文献
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本文介绍了鲁23井“动水位”观测情况。提出了一个分析有泄流的“动水位”的新方法,即把流量换算成水位,以等效静水位来表示“动水位”与流量。由于把“动水位”与流量用一个量来计算,从而为“动水位”观测定量的、统一的分析研究提供了新的方法。这对提高“动水位”井的监测预报地震能力起一定的作用。 本文还以鲁23井“动水位”观测资料为例,利用新方法进行处理的观测分析结果与理论研究结果是一致的。 相似文献
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On understanding and predicting groundwater response time 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Sophocleous M 《Ground water》2012,50(4):528-540
An aquifer system, when perturbed, has a tendency to evolve to a new equilibrium, a process that can take from just a few seconds to possibly millions of years. The time scale on which a system adjusts to a new equilibrium is often referred to as "response time" or "lag time." Because groundwater response time affects the physical and economic viability of various management options in a basin, natural resource managers are increasingly interested in incorporating it into policy. However, the processes of how groundwater responds to land-use change are not well understood, making it difficult to predict the timing of groundwater response to such change. The difficulty in estimating groundwater response time is further compounded because the data needed to quantify this process are not usually readily available. This article synthesizes disparate pieces of information on aquifer response times into a relatively brief but hopefully comprehensive review that the community of water professionals can use to better assess the impact of aquifer response time in future groundwater management investigations. A brief exposition on dimensional/scaling analysis is presented first, followed by an overview of aquifer response time for simplified aquifer systems. The aquifer response time is considered first from a water-quantity viewpoint and later expanded to incorporate groundwater age and water-quality aspects. Monitoring programs today, as well as water policies and regulations, should address this issue of aquifer response time so that more realistic management expectations can be reached. 相似文献
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地下水单井综合观测的"循环法"及其原理 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
主要介绍在地下水前兆观测中采用“循环法”实现静水位-水化学单吉综合观测技术方案,该方法通过设置一循环系统,在保持静水位状态观测的同时,位于井口处的循环回路上部可获取深部含水层水化学观测,从而为实现同时满足水位和水化学观测要求的单井综合观测提供了基础,还变该方法在水化学观测方面的工作原理给出了定量描述,推导了井孔观测系统的水化学平衡方程,为该方法的有效性给出了理论证明,同时还简要介绍了有关实验验证结果。 相似文献
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Charles Paradis Nathan Van Ee Kendyl Hoss Cullen Meurer Aaron Tigar Paul Reimus Raymond Johnson 《Ground water》2022,60(4):565-570
A simple algebraic equation is presented here to estimate the magnitude of groundwater velocity based on data from a single-well injection-drift test thereby eliminating the time-consuming and costly extraction phase. A volume of tracer-amended water was injected by forced-gradient into a single well followed by monitoring of the conservative solute tracers under natural-gradient conditions as their upgradient portions drifted back through the well. The breakthrough curve data from the single well during the drift phase was analyzed to determine the mean travel times of the tracers. The estimated mean upgradient travel distance back through the single well and the mean travel times of the tracers were used in a simple algebraic equation to estimate groundwater velocity. The groundwater velocity based on the single-well injection-drift test was estimated to be approximately 0.64 ft per day. Two transects of observation wells were used to monitor the natural-gradient tracer transport downgradient of the injection well. The one-dimensional, or dual-well, transport of the tracer from the injection well to the nearest downgradient observation well indicated that the groundwater velocity was 0.55 ft per day. The two-dimensional, or multi-well, transport of the center of mass of the tracers indicated that the groundwater velocity was 0.60 ft per day; the dual- and multi-well results were in excellent agreement with those from the single-well and validated the simple algebraic equation. The new single-well method presented here is relatively simple, rapid, and does not require an extraction phase. 相似文献
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Based on the well water level data in Majiagou Mine in Tangshan City since 2000, it is suggested that the water level rise from 2008-2014 is possibly associated with reduced infiltration caused by less precipitation, together with the effect of less groundwater exploitation. However, the water level rise from 1992-1998 cannot be interpreted properly if we extend the data source back to 1991. After comparing the data with long-term water level data of five wells with different hydro-geological units in Tangshan and Qinhuangdao, the study indicates that the long-term water level variation cannot be only attributed to the effect of less precipitation and the control of groundwater exploitation, but also with the influence of regional stress field change. With the support of regional geological and tectonic information, combined with the comprehensive analysis of CBM data obtained from the coal field, new understandings of the dynamic characteristics of annual variation are obtained. 相似文献
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地下水动态受水文因素影响较大,对地震和构造活动具有较灵敏的响应。判别并排除各种水文干扰,确认地下水在地震前的异常变化,对提高地震分析预报能力,具有重要作用。马家沟矿井水位动态观测层与地下水开采层为同一含水层,井水位于2010年出现破年变异常,加速持续上升,截至2015年,最大上升幅度约30 m。依据该井水文地质环境特征,根据唐山市区2001-2015年地下水位、降雨量、地下水开采量实测资料,建立合理多元回归模型和三维地下水流动模型,发现地下水开采量减少应为影响马家沟矿井水位动态的可能因素。文中采取的异常识别与分析方法,可为其他类似井孔的地下水动态异常识别及判定提供一定借鉴。 相似文献
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选取广西“十五”地震前兆网络项目地下水位数字化观测与模拟观测资料,利用固体潮形态、水震波、相关性、内在质量等方法进行了对比分析,结果表明：两种观测的动态变化基本一致;在仪器正常运行、无故障情况下,两者数据的相关性良好。综合分析认为数字化观测的信息量大,灵敏度高,跟踪速度等明显优于模拟观测。随着仪器稳定性能的提高,用数字化水位观测仪器取代模拟水位观测仪器是可行的。 相似文献