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1.
利用NCEP/NCAR(美国国家环境预报中心/国家大气研究中心)再分析资料,对南海强夏季风年和弱夏季风年进行合成分析,结果表明,无论是在夏季风爆发前的1月份或是夏季风盛行的7月份,强弱夏季风年的平均经圈环流和平均纬圈环流都有明显差异。在强夏季风年,1月份的哈特莱环流、7月份的瓦克环流和季风经圈环流都比弱夏季风年同期的明显。强夏季风年的西太平洋副热带高压比弱夏季风年明显偏弱。利用OLR资料分析强夏季风年(1981年)和弱夏季风年(1983)4～9月份赤道东印度洋和南海对流活动的季节内振荡,发现在南海强夏季风年,季节内振荡的次数偏少而强度偏强,在弱夏季风年,季节内振荡的次数偏多而强度偏弱。相比之下,在南海强夏季风年,赤道东印度洋的季节内振荡比南海的更具典型性。 相似文献
2.
本文利用1980—1983年7月ECMWF资料，分析了夏季热带地区经向环流的结构及它们的区域和年际差异。指出夏季热带经向环流具有双圈结构。在季风区，对流层下部为季风环流，在非季风区，为Hadley环流；对流层上部存在一独立的环流圈，季风区的中心偏北半球，非季风区的中心偏南半球；热带经向环流的双圈结构在一般年份均存在，但在异常年份（1983年），强大的垂直运动将对流层上、下部两个相对独立的环流圈紧密连接起来，成为整层统一的大范围季风环流。 相似文献
3.
季风指数及其年际变化I·环流强度指数 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
季风环流可以分解为经向环流和纬向环流。使用NCEP和ECMWF再分析资料,计算亚洲季风区的经向动量环流和纬向动量环流强度的季节内和年际变化,结果表明:对于南亚夏季风和东南亚-西太平洋夏季风,其各自的经向环流和纬向环流的季节内变化和年际变化存在着相当的联系,尤其东南亚-西太平洋夏季风。但南亚夏季风的经向环流和纬向环流的年际变化在不同月份有着不同的关系。对于东亚夏季风,经向环流和纬向环流变化之间的相关在季节内尺度上是线性独立的,而在年际尺度上存在一定的联系。作者指出:这种大尺度上的联系是通过科里奥利力发生作用,并且受热源调节的。同时局地的对流和辐射相互作用则在某种程度上削弱这种联系,导致在不同月份相关程度有所不同。从各季风系统的经向环流之间或纬向环流之间的线性相关看,南亚夏季风,东亚夏季风和东南亚-西太平洋夏季风是相互独立的系统。计算表明,Webster-Yang和Wang-Fan分别提出的南亚夏季风指数在描述纬向环流年际变化上较好,而在经向上勉强令人满意。Wang-Fan提出的描述东南亚-西太平洋夏季风指数,则较好地表示了该区域的经向和纬向环流的年际变化。Goswami提出的季风Hadley环流指数,以及郭其蕴、施能等提出的东亚夏季风指数则较好地描述了相应区域的经向环流圈年际变化,却无法描述相应的纬向环流圈的年际变化。通过计算还表明,NCEP再分析资料和ECMWF再分析资料在1968年以前的南亚季风区和东亚季风区存在着较大的差异。用NCEP再分析资料计算东亚季风区和南亚季风区经向动量环流圈的变率在20世纪60年代较ECMWF的偏大。用NCEP再分析资料计算施能等定义的东亚季风区指数,也较使用ECMWF再分析资料、UCAR的DS010.1及CRU的北半球海平面气压资料计算的偏大。 相似文献
4.
1961～1997年110～140。E垂直经圈环流的年际变化特征及其与海温变化的关系 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
用NCEP/NCAR再分析资料，分析了196l～1997各年1月和7月的大气垂直经圈环流的变化特征，特别分析了110～140°E平均的垂直经圈环流和其中的东亚季风环流。计算了各年的经圈环流与多年平均垂直经圈环流之相似系数、差异系数和相对强度。文中除讨论了它们的年际和10年际变化外，还讨论了东亚季风环流强弱变化与ENSO循环的关系。结果表明:(1)垂直经圈环流除有年变化外，存在着较明显的年际和年代际变化。1月的全球平均经圈环流1966～1974年较弱，1976～1987年较强；7月的全球垂直经圈环流则是1963～1974年较强，1986～1995年则相对较弱。(2)110～140°E的平均经圈环流主要特点是:1月东亚季风环流圈代替了北半球的Ferrel环流圈，7月东亚季风环流圈代替了北半球的Hadley环流圈，而且其10年际变化也比较明显。(3)东亚季风环流强弱的变化与ENSO循环有一定的关系。 相似文献
5.
Interannual variability of the Indian summer monsoon rainfall has two dominant periodicities, one on the quasi-biennial (2–3 year) time scale corresponding to tropospheric biennial oscillation (TBO) and the other on low frequency (3–7 year) corresponding to El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO). In the present study, the spatial and temporal patterns of various atmospheric and oceanic parameters associated with the Indian summer monsoon on the above two periodicities were investigated using NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data sets for the period 1950–2005. Influences of Indian and Pacific Ocean SSTs on the monsoon season rainfall are different for both of the time scales. Seasonal evolution and movement of SST and Walker circulation are also different. SST and velocity potential anomalies are southeast propagating on the TBO scale, while they are stationary on the ENSO scale. Latent heat flux and relative humidity anomalies over the Indian Ocean and local Hadley circulation between the Indian monsoon region and adjacent oceans have interannual variability only on the TBO time scale. Local processes over the Indian Ocean determine the Indian Ocean SST in biennial periodicity, while the effect of equatorial east Pacific SST is significant in the ENSO periodicity. TBO scale variability is dependent on the local factors of the Indian Ocean and the Indian summer monsoon, while the ENSO scale processes are remotely controlled by the Pacific Ocean. 相似文献
6.
Fluctuations of Tropical Easterly Jet during contrasting monsoons over India: A GCM study 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Summary The fluctuations of intensity of the Tropical Easterly Jet (TEJ) and its association with the Indian summer monsoon rainfall
have been examined using the diagnostics from NCEP/NCAR (National Centre for Environmental Prediction/National Centre for
Atmospheric Research) reanalyses project for the period 1986 to 1994. The intensity of TEJ is found to be well correlated
with India summer monsoon rainfall. The TEJ is weaker/stronger during the El Ni?o/La Ni?a year of 1987/1988 and is associated
with deficient (excess) summer monsoon rainfall over India.
A numerical study was carried out for the same period using the Centre for Ocean-Land-Atmosphere studies General Circulation
Model (COLA GCM, T30L18) with observed Sea-Surface Temperature (SST). The GCM simulates the TEJ with reasonable accuracy.
The strong interannual variability of TEJ during the El Ni?o/La Ni?a years of 1987/1988 are well simulated in the GCM. Like
observations, the intensity of the TEJ is positively correlated with the summer monsoon rainfall over India in the model simulation.
The intensity of Tibetan anticyclone and diabatic heating over the Tibetan Plateau diminished during the El Ni?o-year of 1987.
The divergence centre in the upper troposphere associated with Asian monsoon becomes weaker and shifts eastward during the
weak monsoon season of 1987. However, the opposite happens for the strong monsoon season of 1988. Also the middle and upper
tropospheric meridional temperature gradient between the Tibetan High and Indian Ocean region decreased (increased) during
the weak(strong) monsoon season of 1987 (1988).
Received May 27, 1999/Revised March 20, 2000 相似文献
7.
Interannual variability in the onset of the summer monsoon over the Eastern Bay of Bengal 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Summary Climatological characteristics associated with summer monsoon onset over the eastern Bay of Bengal (BOB) are examined in terms
of the westerly-easterly boundary surface (WEB). The vertical tilt of the WEB depends on the horizontal meridional temperature
gradient (MTG) near the WEB, under the constraint of the thermal wind balance. The switch in the WEB tilt firstly occurs between
90 and 100°E during the first pentad of May. At this time the 850 hPa ridgeline splits over the BOB and heavy rainfall commences
over the eastern BOB, indicating the onset of the BOB summer monsoon (BOBSM). The area-averaged MTG (200–500 hPa) is proposed
as an index to define the BOBSM onset. A comparison of the onset determined by the MTG, 850 hPa zonal wind, and outgoing longwave
radiation (OLR) shows that the MTG index is the most effective in characterizing the interannual variability of the BOBSM
onset.
Strong precursor signals are found prior to an anomalous BOBSM onset. Composite results show that early (late) BOBSM onset
follows excessive (deficient) rainfall over the western Pacific and anomalous lower tropospheric cyclonic circulation which
extends zonally from the northern Indian Ocean into the western Pacific, and strong (weak) equatorial westerly anomalies in
the preceding winter and spring. Prior to an early (late) BOBSM onset, significant positive (negative) thickness anomalies
exist around the Tibetan Plateau, accompanied by anomalous upper tropospheric anticyclonic (cyclonic) circulation. The interannual
variations of the BOBSM onset are significantly correlated with anomalous sea surface temperature related to ENSO. These occurs
through changes in the Walker circulation and local Hadley circulation, leading to middle and upper tropospheric temperature
anomalies over the Asian sector. The strong precursor signals around the Tibetan Plateau may be partly caused by local snow
cover anomalies, and an early (late) BOBSM onset is preceded by less (more) snow accumulation over the Tibetan Plateau during
the preceding winter. 相似文献
8.
Recent gridded and historical data are used in order to assess the relationships between interannual variability of the Indian summer monsoon (ISM) and sea surface temperature (SST) anomaly patterns over the Indian and Pacific oceans. Interannual variability of ISM rainfall and dynamical indices for the traditional summer monsoon season (June–September) are strongly influenced by rainfall and circulation anomalies observed during August and September, or the late Indian summer monsoon (LISM). Anomalous monsoons are linked to well-defined LISM rainfall and large-scale circulation anomalies. The east-west Walker and local Hadley circulations fluctuate during the LISM of anomalous ISM years. LISM circulation is weakened and shifted eastward during weak ISM years. Therefore, we focus on the predictability of the LISM. Strong (weak) (L)ISMs are preceded by significant positive (negative) SST anomalies in the southeastern subtropical Indian Ocean, off Australia, during boreal winter. These SST anomalies are mainly linked to south Indian Ocean dipole events, studied by Besera and Yamagata (2001) and to the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phenomenon. These SST anomalies are highly persistent and affect the northwestward translation of the Mascarene High from austral to boreal summer. The southeastward (northwestward) shift of this subtropical high associated with cold (warm) SST anomalies off Australia causes a weakening (strengthening) of the whole monsoon circulation through a modulation of the local Hadley cell during the LISM. Furthermore, it is suggested that the Mascarene High interacts with the underlying SST anomalies through a positive dynamical feedback mechanism, maintaining its anomalous position during the LISM. Our results also explain why a strong ISM is preceded by a transition in boreal spring from an El Niño to a La Niña state in the Pacific and vice versa. An El Niño event and the associated warm SST anomalies over the southeastern Indian Ocean during boreal winter may play a key role in the development of a strong ISM by strengthening the local Hadley circulation during the LISM. On the other hand, a developing La Niña event in boreal spring and summer may also enhance the east–west Walker circulation and the monsoon as demonstrated in many previous studies. 相似文献
9.
Ｔｈｅ Ｅａｓｔ Ａｓｉａｎ Ｍｏｎｓｏｏｎ Ｓｉｍｕｌａｔｉｏｎ ｗｉｔｈ ＩＡＰ ＡＧＣＭｓ－Ａ Ｃｏｍｐｏｓｉｔｅ ＳｔｕｄｙＷａｎｇＨｕｉｊｕｎａｎｄＢｉＸｕｎｑｉａｎｇ（ＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅｏｆＡｔｍｏｓｐｈｅｒｉｃＰｈｙｓｉｃｓ（ＩＡＰ），... 相似文献
10.
Two numerical simulations of forced local Hadley circulation are carried out based on a linear diagnostic equation to provide
an insight into the mechanisms of monsoon evolution in different monsoon regions. One simulation is for the zonal mean Hadley
circulation over East Asia (from 95°E to 122.5°E), another over India (from 70°E to 85°E).
With the NCEP/ NCAR re-analysis data re—processed by Chinese Academy of Science in Beijing, the former simulation displays
a dominant anti—Hadley circulation pattern over East Asia at 1200 UTC May 1, 1994. The simulated circulation pattern is consistent
well enough with the circulation pattern plotted directly from the data for lack of the radiation information at each level.
Although the simulation over India is not as good as that over East Asia, a dominant Hadley circulation pattern is obvious
as data show. Further analysis shows that the defective simulation over India is due to the presence of statically unstable
condition at some grid points in the lower troposphere. This circumstance slightly violates the hydrodynamic stability criterion
required by the elliptic diagnostic equation for the forced circulation.
Since the simulations are reliable enough compared with the given data, the linear equation facilitates a systematic assessment
of relative importance of each internally forcing process. The assessment shows that among the internal processes, the horizontal
temperature advections account obviously for the Hadley (anti—Hadley) circulation over India (East Asia) at 1200 UTC May 1,
1994 in addition to the process associated with the latent heat releasing. The calculation of latent heat energy is a little
bit unreliable due to the unclear cloud physics in the convection processes and the less accurate humidity data. These preliminary
results are consistent with the results of previous studies which show that the feature of the seasonal warming in the upper
troposphere and the corresponding processes are part of key processes closely related to the evolution of the summer monsoon
over East Asia and India.
This work was supported by the “ National key programme of China for developing basic science” G 1998040900 part 1, NSFC 49675264
and NSFC 49875021. 相似文献
11.
This paper proposes an index of land-sea thermal difference(ILSTD)that describes its zonal and meridional strength responsible for East Asian monsoon circulation to study its relation to the East Asian monsoon circulation and the summer rainfall over China on an interannual basis.Results are as follows:(1)ILSTD can be used to measure the strength of East Asian summer monsoon in such a way that the strong(weak)ILSTD years are associated with strong(weak)summer monsoon circulation.(2)The index also reflects well summer rainfall anomaly over the eastern part of China.In the strong index years,rain belt is mainly located over the northern China,and serious drought emerges in the Jianghuai valleys and mid-lower reaches of the Changjiang River,along with increase of rainfall in North and South China,but in the weak years it is contrary.(3)Besides,the index has obvious QBO and quasi 4-year oscillations,but the periods and amplitudes have significant changes on an interdecadal basis. 相似文献
12.
INTERANNUAL VARIATION OF INDEX OF EAST ASIAN LAND-SEA THERMAL DIFFERENCE AND ITS RELATION TO MONSOON CIRCULATION AND RAINFALL OVER CHINA 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
This paper proposes an index of land-sea thermal difference(ILSTD)that describes its zonal andmeridional strength responsible for East Asian monsoon circulation to study its relation to the EastAsian monsoon circulation and the summer rainfall over China on an interannual basis.Results are asfollows:(1)ILSTD can be used to measure the strength of East Asian summer monsoon in such away that the strong(weak)ILSTD years are associated with strong(weak)summer monsooncirculation.(2)The index also reflects well summer rainfall anomaly over the eastern part of China.In the strong index years,rain belt is mainly located over the northern China,and serious droughtemerges in the Jianghuai valleys and mid-lower reaches of the Changjiang River,along with increaseof rainfall in North and South China,but in the weak years it is contrary.(3)Besides,the index hasobvious QBO and quasi 4-year oscillations,but the periods and amplitudes have significant changes onan interdecadal basis. 相似文献
13.
The role of spring Wyrtki jets in modulating the equatorial Indian Ocean and the regional climate is an unexplored problem. The source of interannual variability in the spring Wyrtki jets is explored in this study. The relationship between intraseasonal and interannual variability from 1958 to 2008 and its relation with Indian Summer Monsoon is further addressed. Analysis reveals that the interannual variability in spring Wyrtki jets is controlled significantly by their intraseasonal variations. These are mostly defined by a single intraseasonal event of duration 20 days or more which either strengthens or weakens the seasonal mean jet depending on its phase. The strong spring jets are driven by such intraseasonal westerly wind bursts lasting for 20-days or more, whereas the weak jets are driven by weaker intraseasonal westerlies. During the years of strong jets, the conventional westward phase propagation of Wyrtki jets is absent and instead there is an eastward phase propagation indicating the possible role of Madden Julian Oscillation (MJO) in strengthening the spring Wyrtki jets. These strong intraseasonal westerly wind bursts with eastward phase propagation during strong years are observed mainly in late spring and have implications on June precipitation over the Indian and adjoining land mass. Anomalously strong eastward jets accumulate warm water in the eastern equatorial Indian Ocean (EIO), leading to anomalous positive upper ocean heat content and supporting more local convection in the east. This induces subsidence over the Indian landmass and alters monsoon rainfall by modulating monsoon Hadley circulation. In case of weak current years such warm anomalies are absent over the eastern EIO. Variations in the jet strength are found to have strong impact on sea level anomalies, heat content, salinity and sea surface temperature over the equatorial and north Indian Ocean making it a potentially important player in the north Indian Ocean climate variability. 相似文献
14.
The mass stream function of zonal mean meridional circulation is calculated in terms of
NCEP/NCAR monthly meridional wind speed and vertical velocity, and the climatic and anomalous features of zonal mean SST and meridional circulation are investigated. Results show that (1) a joint ascending branch of Northern and Southern Hadley circulation is on the side of the summer hemisphere near the equator ,being well consistent with the extremum of [SST ],and a strong descending by the winter-hemispheric side.(2)El Nino-related [SST] in low latitudes is an important outer-forcing source for anomaly meridional circulation, which is affected by seasonal variation of basic airflow and [SST ], and interannual and interdecadal changes of [SST] . 相似文献
15.
TBO的原因－异常东亚冬季风与ENSO循环的相互作用 总被引：21，自引：3，他引：21
基于对 ＮＣＥＰ／ ＮＣＡＲ再分析资料以及其他资料（ＯＬＲ，降水和气温等）的分析研究，结果表明东亚和西北太平洋地区的对流层环流和气候变化都有明显的准两年振荡（ＴＢＯ）特征。同时，异常东亚冬季风可以影响次年夏季的大气环流和气候变化，特别是在东亚地区；而异常东亚冬季风和ＥＮＳＯ循环间又有明显相互作用：持续的强（弱）东亚冬季风通过海─气相互作用可以激发 Ｅｌ Ｎｉ ｏ（Ｌａ Ｎｉ ａ）， Ｅｌ Ｎｉ ｏ（Ｌａ Ｎｉ ａ）反过来又可通过遥相关或遥响应而导致东亚冬季风偏弱（强）。强或弱的冬季风和ＥＮＳＯ循环是相互衔接在一起的，因此可以认为异常东亚冬季风与ＥＮＳＯ循环的相互作用是ＴＢＯ对流层准两年振荡）的基本原因。 相似文献
16.
Using National Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Centre for Atmospheric Research(NCEP/NCAR) reanalysis data and monthly Hadley Center sea surface temperature(SST) data,and selecting a representative East Asian winter monsoon(EAWM) index,this study investigated the relationship between EAWM and East Asian summer monsoon(EASM) using statistical analyses and numerical simulations.Some possible mechanisms regarding this relationship were also explored.Results indicate a close relationship between EAWM and EASM:a strong EAWM led to a strong EASM in the following summer,and a weak EAWM led to a weak EASM in the following summer.Anomalous EAWM has persistent impacts on the variation of SST in the tropical Indian Ocean and the South China Sea,and on the equatorial atmospheric thermal anomalies at both lower and upper levels.Through these impacts,the EAWM influences the land-sea thermal contrast in summer and the low-level atmospheric divergence and convergence over the Indo-Pacific region.It further affects the meridional monsoon circulation and other features of the EASM.Numerical simulations support the results of diagnostic analysis.The study provides useful information for predicting the EASM by analyzing the variations of preceding EAWM and tropical SST. 相似文献
17.
Summary The summer monsoon rainfall over Orissa, a state of eastern India, shows characteristic intraseasonal and interannual variability,
due to interaction of basic westerly flow with orography and the synoptic scale monsoon disturbances including low-pressure
systems and cyclonic circulations extending upto mid-tropospheric level (LPSC). These systems normally develop over the north
Bay of Bengal and move west-northwestwards along the monsoon trough. The essence of this study is to find out the main features
of the intraseasonal variability of daily monsoon rainfall over Orissa in relation to synoptic systems like LPSC and its implication
on the interannual variation of rainfall. For this purpose, the actual and mean daily rainfall data of 31 uniformly distributed
stations, six homogeneous regions and Orissa as a whole during monsoon season (June–September) over a period of 20 years (1980–1999)
are subjected to auto-correlation and power spectrum analyses. The actual and average daily scores of significant EOFs and
actual daily occurrence along with daily probability of occurrence of the LPSC influencing rainfall over Orissa during the
same period are also subjected to auto-correlation and power spectrum analyses.
The intraseasonal variation of monsoon rainfall over Orissa and different homogeneous regions is dominated by the synoptic
mode (3–9 days) of variation due to the similar mode of variation in the occurrence of LPSC influencing the rainfall. The
seasonal rainfall and hence the interannual variation depends on the intraseasonal variation of rainfall modulated with the
synoptic mode of variation in the occurrence of the LPSC. The occurrence of LPSC over the northwest (NW) Bay/NW and adjoining
northeast (NE) Bay and its subsequent movement and persistence over Orissa and east Madhya Pradesh & Chhattisgarh in synoptic
mode (3–6 days) alongwith absence of similar mode in the occurrence of the LPSC over NE Bay, Gangetic West Bengal (GWB) in
the north and west central (WC) Bay to the south leads to excess rainfall over different homogeneous regions and Orissa as
a whole. The reverse is the case in deficient years over Orissa and all homogeneous regions except southwest Orissa. The occurrence
of the LPSC over GWB in synoptic mode (about 5 days) alongwith absence of synoptic mode in the occurrence of the LPSC over
NW Bay leads to deficient rainfall year over southwest Orissa.
Correspondence: U. C. Mohanty, Centre for Atmospheric Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi Hauz Khas, New Delhi
110016, India 相似文献
18.
利用1948—2005年NCEP/NCAR再分析资料, 定义了一个可以反映中高纬度间冬季风强弱差异的冬季风经向变化指数 (WMMCI), 该指数与东亚冬季风指数有较好的对应关系。强 (弱) 冬季风年后期嘉兴梅雨偏多 (少) 为主, 年际、年代际关系对应为正相关, 并对后期降水有持续影响, WMMCI指数持续增强 (减弱) 2年并处于强 (弱) 冬季风年时, 后期嘉兴梅雨持续偏多 (少), 嘉兴梅雨降水升高或降低的变化趋势滞后于该指数变化。对500 hPa高度场距平合成分析表明:强 (弱) 冬季风年北正 (负) 南负 (正) 的距平分布使中高纬度经向 (纬向) 环流发展, 有利 (不利) 于冷空气南下影响, 并对后期大气环流产生持续影响, 从而有利 (不利) 于降水。冬季风经向异常对嘉兴后期降水持续影响的一个可能解释是, 持续增强 (减弱) 的强 (弱) 冬季风使赤道太平洋地区盛行风向发生改变, 使赤道太平洋海温变化出现异常, 触发El Ni?o (La Ni?a) 事件, 从而对后期大气环流造成持续影响。 相似文献
19.
西北太平洋夏季风对中国长江流域夏季降水的影响 总被引：11，自引：5，他引：6
利用1979～2005年NCEP/NCAR的环流场再分析资料和降水资料, 通过对季风期降水、 大气环流、 水汽输送及低频振荡等方面的分析, 分别从时间和空间上分析了西北太平洋夏季风与中国长江流域夏季降水的联系。结果表明:(1) 西北太平洋夏季风与中国长江流域夏季降水存在显著的负相关关系, 在西北太平洋夏季风强盛时, 副热带高压异常偏北, 其西侧的偏南气流异常偏弱, 使得我国长江流域形成低层异常环流及水汽输送的辐散区, 从而造成长江流域夏季降水偏少; 而在西北太平洋夏季风减弱的年份, 西太平洋副高异常偏南偏西, 在长江流域以南地区形成异常偏强的偏南风水汽输送, 使得长江流域成为南、 北距平风的汇合区, 其上空对流活动异常活跃, 非常有利于长江流域的降水。 (2) 东亚局地Hadley垂直环流在强、 弱季风年也显著不同, 在强季风年里, Hadley局地环流异常偏弱, 长江流域上空出现的下沉运动距平, 使得该地区降水减弱, 而弱季风年则正好相反。 (3) 西北太平洋夏季风存在显著的气候平均的大气季节内振荡 (CISO), 在西北太平洋夏季风减弱时期, 长江流域降水同时受到源自热带西北太平洋西传CISO和源自热带印度洋东传CISO的共同影响, 可能造成了某种锁相关系, 从而造成降水偏多; 而在强季风年里长江流域只受由西太平洋西传的CISO的影响, 不容易激发降水。 相似文献
20.
中国南海夏季风强、弱年多尺度相互作用能量学特征 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
中国南海夏季风为东亚季风的主要系统之一,其具有多重尺度特征,除季节平均环流场外,低频（季节内振荡）和高频（天气尺度）扰动也十分活跃,各尺度系统存在明显的年际变化。该研究使用ERA-Interim和NCEP/NCAR两套再分析资料,从季风平均动能（MKE）诊断的角度出发,探讨了1979-2010年中国南海夏季风环流年际变化的能量来源及其和扰动场的相互作用过程。结果表明:中国南海夏季风对流活跃年份,中国南海南部（12°N以南）及中南半岛一带为季风平均动能显著增强区,此与南亚季风区西风急流的增强并向东延伸有关;中国南海北部（12°N以北）及西太平洋为气旋性环流盘踞,季风槽加深。中国南海南部季风平均动能增强的能量源自于扰动动量通量与平均环流的相互作用,强季风年,平均环流失去较少的动能给扰动场（亦即平均环流保留较多的动能）。通过进一步探讨高频（<10 d）及低频（10-90 d）扰动场与平均环流不同分量的（散度、涡度、风垂直切变）相互作用过程,发现季风平均动能的增长主要来自于<10 d扰动与季风平均散度和涡度的相互作用。中国南海北部季风槽区季风平均动能的维持来自于大气热源和平均上升运动的相互作用,但同时有较多的季风平均动能向扰动动能转换,有利于扰动的成长。因此,强季风年,中国南海北部热带气旋生成数目增多,夏季北传的季节内振荡也增强,导致中国南部沿海及华南地区出现较多的灾害天气。 相似文献