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1.
能量频散对台风结构和移动的作用 总被引：10，自引：10，他引：10
本文用双Ｆｏｕｒｉｅｒ展开的解析方法和β平面准地转正压模式数值试验的方法，研究了台风涡旋能量频散及其对台风路径的影响问题。解析与数值试验的结果一致地表明，由于能量频散，在台风中心以东方向形成了一个低－高－低值系统的波列。三组数值试验的结果表明，波列中的高值系统对台风的结构和移行具有明显的影响。 相似文献
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Typhoon Maggie (1999) interacted with another tropical depression system and moved along a
west-southwest track that is somewhat abnormal during its pre-landing stage. Two numerical experiments are
carried out in this paper to study the effect of the interaction on the track of typhoon Maggie using the mesoscale
numerical weather prediction model system with a tropical cyclone bogusing scheme developed by Center for
Coastal and Atmospheric Research, the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology. Results show that the
cyclone system interacting with Maggie is the main factor for the abnormal track of Maggie. 相似文献
3.
台风移速突变的数值研究 总被引：5，自引：2，他引：5
用准地转正压模式，在无环境气流的情况下，实施了８组时间积分大于５个模式日的试验。在模式大气台风移动的过程中，清楚地显示了移速突然变化的现象。台风移速突然变化与前期台风环流的非对称结构之间存在着密切的联系。最后分析了台风环流非规则结构对路径的影响。 相似文献
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本文应用有限区域数值预报模式，并根据不同的积云参数化方案对１９９４年第６号台风登陆后低压的移动规律及其对应降水分布进行了数值模拟试验，结果表明积云对流参数化对于台风移动及其降水分布影响极大，是作出台风暴雨预报的关键过程。 相似文献
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A new tropical limited-area numerical model system developed in recent years is described in detail,which includes model formulation, physical processes and data initialization. Results of the application in numerical forecast from 1993 to 1995 are presented. In the forecast of typhoon, the new system shows a distinct improvement over a previous one. 相似文献
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A nonlinear steady-state baroclinic primitive-equation numerical model of atmospheric forced stationarywaves is used to investigate the tropics-extratropics interactions.Newtonian cooling,Rayleigh friction andbiharmonic horizontal diffusion are included in the model.The Eliassen-Palm (EP) cross-section and three-dimensional wave activity flux,which was derived by Plumb (1985) for linear quasi-geostrophic stationarywaves on a zonal flow,are used as diagnostics for the vertical and horizontal propagation of the waves.Results of the numerical experiments and diagnostics analyses suggest that the extratropical influenceon the tropical large-scale motion is important.The mid-latitude orographic forcing,especially of the Qing-hai-Xizang Plateau,and the extratropical thermal forcing make substantial contribution to the main-tenance of the cyclonic circulation over the eastern tropical and subtropical Pacific as well as the inversecirculation over the western Pacific in the upper troposphere.In addition,the longitudinal variation ofdiabatic heating in tropics has a significant influence on the wintertime stationary waves at higher latitudes. 相似文献
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0216号台风降水及其影响降水机制的数值模拟试验 总被引：63，自引：8，他引：55
文中用MM5模式对 0 2 16号台风 (森拉克 )降水进行了数值模拟 ,取得了较好的效果。模拟得到的台风降水中心强度和位置以及降水的分布与实况基本相符。文中还对影响热带气旋降水的机制进行数值模拟试验。结果表明 :冷空气入侵热带气旋外围可以大幅度增加热带气旋外围及倒槽的降水 ,但入侵到热带气旋中心附近的冷空气使热带气旋强度减弱 ,造成中心附近降水明显减少 ,但其外围与倒槽的降水明显加大 ;地形作用使迎风坡及降水中心增加雨量 ,背风坡雨量减少 ,从而使降水分布更不对称、更不均匀 ;大陆及其近海的湿度场对热带气旋降水有较大的影响。 相似文献
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Climatic c haracteristics of tropical stratospheric methane have been well researched using various satellite data, and numerical simulations have furtherly conducted using chemical climatic models, while the impact of tropica1 stratospheric methane oxidation on tropical distribution of water vapor is not paid enough attention in general circulation models. Parameterization of methane oxidation is taken into account to deal with the chemical moisturizing action due to the methane oxidation in this paper. Numerical simulation and analysis of the influence of stratospheric methane on the prediction of tropical stratospheric moisture and temperature fields using general circulation model is conducted using heavy storm cases including a heavy rain in South China and a typhoon caused tropical storm. The results show obvious impact of methane oxidation on the forecasting precipitation. It is demonstrated that the stratospheric water vapor in the tropic is significantly remedied by introducing of parameterization of methane oxidation. And prediction of stratospheric temperature is accordingly modified, especially in the lower stratosphere within 30°N. The verification of monthly mean of forecast anomaly correlation(ACC) and root mean square(RMS)errors over the tropics indicated that the impact of stratospheric methane is neutral as to the forecast of geopotential height, and positive to the forecast of temperature and winds over the tropics. 相似文献
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使用一个动力海洋与统计大气耦合的热带太平洋模式,对２０ 世纪９０ 年代的厄尔尼诺事件进行了数值模拟和预报。结果表明,模式能较好地再现３ 次暖事件的发展和演化过程,也能模拟１９９５／１９９６ 年的冷海温过程。预报试验的结果指出,２０ 世纪 ９０ 年代发生的厄尔尼诺事件具有其特殊性,很难在发展阶段作出准确预报,而一旦形成后,模式仍可对这类事件的成熟位相阶段作出大致提前 ６ 个月的有效预报。文中还用该模式对 １９９７ 年的热带太平洋海表温度作了预报试验,预测 １９９７ 年年底可能发生一次新的厄尔尼诺事件。关键词：２０ 世纪９０ 年代厄尔尼诺,简单海气耦合模式,预报试验。 相似文献
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用一个准地转正压模式，实施了５组时间积分，并研究了不同尺度涡流旋相互作用对台风结构和移动的影响。结果表明，这种相互作用可以激发出台风非对称结构的非规则变化，进而引起路径的蛇行摆动以及台风移速突变等异常现象，较小尺度涡旋位于台风环流的不同方位时，这种相互作用对台风结构和移动的影响可以很不相同。 相似文献
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不同尺度涡旋相互作用对台风的结构和移动的影响 总被引：7，自引：3，他引：7
根据大气运动原始方程组导出一个支配台风中心移动的基本方程，方程中包括了非绝热加热，温度场分布，地形与摩擦等各中能影响台风移动的强迫因子。对非绝热加热与水平温度分布的使用所作分析表明，非轴对称的非绝热引导作用可使台风加速、减速或转向运动；温度场上的准区对台风有吸收作用。 相似文献
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In the context of a model of tropical cyclone intensity based on an improved meso-scale atmospheric model, numerical simulation is performed of the track and intensity variation of tropical cyclones(TC) arising from sea surface temperature(SST) variation over a specified sea region. Evidence suggests that the model is capable of modeling quite welt the track and intensity of TC:SST variation leads to an abrupt change in the cyclone intensity:the response of the cyclone to the abrupt SST change lasts 8-12 h. 相似文献
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Based on composite analysis and numerical simulations using a regional climate model （RegCM3）, this paper analyzed the impact of the LHF anomaly in the tropical western Pacific on the precipitation over the south of China in June. The results are as follows. （1） Correlation analysis shows that the SC precipitation in June is negatively correlated with the LHF of the tropical western Pacific in May and June, especially in May. The SC precipitation in June appears to negatively correlate with low-level relative vorticity in the abnormal area of LHF in the tropical western Pacific. （2） The LHF anomaly in the tropical western Pacific is a vital factor affecting the flood and drought of SC in June. A conceptual model goes like this： When the LHF in the tropical western Pacific is abnormally increased （decreased）, an anomalous cyclone （anticyclone） circulation is formed at the low-level troposphere to its northwest. As a result, an anomalous northeast （southwest） air flow affects the south of China, being disadvantageous （advantageous） to the transportation of water vapor to the region. Meanwhile, there is an anomalous anticyclone （cyclone） at the low-level troposphere and an anomalous cyclone （anticyclone） circulation at the high-level troposphere in the region, which is advantageous for downdraft （updraft） there. Therefore a virtual circulation forms updraft （downdraft） in the anomalous area of LHF and downdraft （updraft） in the south of China, which finally leads to the drought （flood） in the region. 相似文献
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PREDICTION AND VERIFICATION OF THE 1997-1999 EL NINOAND LA NINA BY USING AN INTERMEDIATE OCEAN-ATMOSPHERE COUPLED MODEL* 
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下载免费PDF全文 The numerical simulations,hindcasts and verifications of the tropical Pacific sea surface temperature anomaly(SSTA) have been conducted by using a dynamical tropical Pacific ocean-atmosphere coupled model named NCCo.The results showed that the model had performed reasonable simulations of the major El Nino episodes in the history,and the model forecast skill in 1990s had been significantly improved.NCCo model has been used to predict the tropical Pacific SSTA since January 1997.The comparisons between predictions and observations indicated that the occurrence,evolution and ending of the 1997-1998 El Nino episode have been predicted fairly well by using this model.Also,the La Nina episode that began in the autumn of 1998 and the developing tendency of the tropical Pacific SSTA during the year 1999 have been predictedsuccessfully.The forecast skills of NCCo model during the 1997-1999 El Nino and La Nina events are above 0.5 at 0-14 lead months. 相似文献
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海温变化与副热带高压季节活动的数值模拟 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
本文采用二维纬向平均模式,通过数值试验来研究海温的变化对副热带高压(以下简称副高)季节活动的影响。结果表明,副高对西太平洋中纬度海温的响应存在3—5个月的滞后。所以,当3月至5月西太平洋中纬度海域为感热正距平时,相应地当年7月至9月副高减弱并南移。反之,则北移增强。 相似文献
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热带气旋大风圈的预报 总被引：7，自引：1，他引：7
导出了热带气旋范围内中心气压与风场，环境气压扬之间的关系式，该关系式与热带气旋中心强度预报方法结合，用数值解的方法可以预报热带气旋中各级风圈半径。也可以结合热带气旋中心的路径预报，作沿海局地各时次的风力预报，业务试用表明，本方法具有较好的使用价值。 相似文献
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NUMERICAL EXPERIMENT OF THE INFLUENCES OF HEAT AND WIND STRESS ON THE EQUATORIAL OCEAN CIRCULATION 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 A time-dependent linear model on the equatorial beta plane is developed in this paper.Its verticalstructure consists of two active layers with equal density and temperature above the thermocline and aquasi-stationary layer with constant density below the thermocline.The results of nurnericat experiments show that the direct influence of heat on the equatorial ocean ismuch smaller than that of wind stress.Nevertheless,through the tropical ocean-atmosphere interaction,the change of wind stress resulting from the thermal forcing may set a determinant effect on the equilibriumand anomalous development of the ocean-almosphere circulation. 相似文献
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在本研究第Ｉ部分工作的基础上，本文建立了一个二层非线性动力学谱模式，并对它实施了一组数值试验，进而从数值试验角度探讨了季内低频域中的环流、热带对流以及低频波流之间的相互作用特征。模式大气结果进一步证实了我们在本研究第三部分中提出的结论：热带地区低频热力作用对于热带内外地区环流间的相互影响起重要的衔接作用。 相似文献