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1.
By using the dataset of CMA-STI Tropical Cyclone Optimal Tracks, NCEP/NCAR reanalysis and intensive surface observations, a study is performed of the influences of a low-latitude monsoon surge on the longer persistence and increase in torrential rains from the landing tropical storm Bilis. Results suggest that the southwest monsoon was anomalously active after Bilis came ashore. The westerly winds in Bilis’s south side might give rise to the poleward movement of the SW monsoon, thus enlarging the pressure g... 相似文献
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运用2001年和2002年7个热带气旋 (TC) 登陆华南前后的38个日降水量、NCEP/NCAR再分析资料以及卫星云图, 经普查和分析将TC造成的降水区划分为纬向型、经向型、NE—SW向型3种; 对各型高、中、低层中的主要气象因子作了详细分析, 如高层流场、中层副热带高压、低层急流和切变线或辐合线、整层水汽通量散度以及季风云涌等, 在此基础上归纳概括出了这些降水型各自前24 h的大尺度环境场特征概略模型图, 并对其强降水形成机理尽可能地给出了解释, 为TC登陆前后的超短期降水预报提供某种参考方法。 相似文献
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Summary The meteorological structure of flood-producing weather systems affecting northern Madagascar is examined using ECMWF data. Daily rainfall in the austral summer is used to select 16 cases for a composite analysis of flood events in the period 1987–1992. Anomaly maps demonstrate a pair of convective vortices over SE Africa and the SW Indian Ocean which converge over northern Madagascar. Thermodynamic variables indicate an eastward shift of unstable moist conditions from SE Africa. A surge of monsoon northwesterlies and upper tropical easterlies are key features of flood producing systems over NW Madagascar.With 8 Figures 相似文献
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Interannual variability of both SW monsoon (June-September) and NE monsoon (October-December) rainfall over subdivisions of Coastal Andhra Pradesh, Rayalaseema and Tamil Nadu have been examined in relation to monthly zonal wind anomaly for 10 hPa, 30 hPa and 50 hPa at Balboa (9°N, 80°W) for the 29 year period (1958-1986). Correlations of zonal wind anomalies to SW monsoon rainfall (r = 0.57, significant at 1% level) is highest with the longer lead time (August of the previous year) at 10 hPa level suggesting some predictive value for Coastal Andhra Pradesh. The probabilities estimated from the contingency table reveal non-occurrence of flood during easterly wind anomalies and near non-occurrence of drought during westerly anomalies for August of the previous year at 10 hPa which provides information for forecasting of performance of SW monsoon over Coastal Andhra Pradesh. However, NE monsoon has a weak relationship with zonal wind anomalies of 10 hPa, 30 hPa and 50 hPa for Coastal Andhra Pradesh, Raya 相似文献
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华西秋雨起止与秋冬季节大气环流转换 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
根据1961—2010年平均的逐候NCEP/NCAR再分析资料、1979—2008年平均的逐候CMAP降水资料以及1961—2010年逐候平均的中国553个台站降水资料,讨论了华西秋雨起止日期与秋冬季大气环流转换特征的关系。结果表明,华西地区降水年变化表现为明显的夏、秋双峰特征,8月4—8日(第44候)为双峰间的低谷,10月8—12日(第57候)以后降水降至年平均以下。由此,将华西秋雨建立和结束日期分别确定为8月9—13日(第45候)和10月8—12日(第57候)。华西秋雨的建立对应于东亚夏季风开始向冬季风转变,其标志性环流调整特征是江南地区的西南风转为东南风。东亚经向海平面气压梯度在8月9—13日(第45候)由南高北低转为南低北高,造成850 hPa江南地区的西南风转为东南风,该东南风与来自孟加拉湾的热带西南季风交汇于华西地区,形成风向和水汽的辐合,使得华西地区的降水在夏峰之后再次增强,华西秋雨由此建立。华西秋雨的结束则对应于孟加拉湾热带西南季风结束和东亚冬季风完全建立,其标志性环流调整特征是孟加拉湾地区的西南风转为东北风。随着东亚纬向海平面气压梯度由北向南依次发生东高西低向东低西高的转变,东亚冬季风也逐步向南推进,9月8—12日(第51候)东北冬季风到达江南地区,10月8—12日(第57候)进一步推进到南海地区,此时来自孟加拉湾的热带西南季风消失,造成华西地区完全受大陆冷高压控制,东亚季风经圈环流也转为冬季型哈得来环流,东亚冬季风完全建立,华西秋雨也随之结束。因此,华西秋雨起止可能与东亚夏季风、南亚夏季风向冬季风的转变时间不同步有关,东亚季风与南亚季风的共同作用使得华西秋雨成为亚洲夏季风在中国大陆上的最后一个雨季。 相似文献
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850毫巴南海西北部西南季风潮及其与广东强降水的关系 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文对南海西北部西南季风潮的成因及其降水进行了初步分析,结果发现中印半岛西南风东传和副高西侧的西南风扰动是形成南海西北部西南季风潮的主要原因。它的出现与广东前汛期的强降水有密切关系。 相似文献
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夏季中国南方流域性致洪暴雨与季风涌的关系 总被引：28，自引：1，他引：28
中国淮河以南地区夏季最易受到洪水灾害的威胁，这种致洪暴雨一般出现在沿着河谷走向的静止锋上。在引发致洪暴雨的环流系统中，季风涌的作用非常重要，它提供了暴雨产生所必须的水汽。分析了1998、2003、2005及2006年中国南方流域性致洪暴雨和东亚季风涌，以及与赤道附近大气环流的30～60天振荡（称作Madden—Julian Oscillation，简称MJO）活动的关系。当来自赤道印度洋的MJO引起南海地区西风的加强；南海西风的加强，触发中国南部大陆出现季风涌；季风涌与来自北方的冷空气交绥，造成静止锋上的致洪暴雨。由此提出我国南方夏季流域性致洪暴雨中、短期预报的基本思路。 相似文献
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Summary The temperature and moisture data from TIROS operational vertical sounder (TOVS) are examined to obtain humidity parameters like, mid and upper tropospheric water vapour, and scale height of water vapour. Their usefulness in characterizing the onset of south-west (SW) monsoon over India is studied. The NOAA satellite data (finished product) with a resolution of 2.5° lat/lon are used to obtain these parameters during and prior to the SW monsoon season over selected regions during 1979 to 1985. The pentad averaged values in the western Indian Ocean showed an increase in scale height of water vapour and mid-tropospheric moisture (700–500 mb) over about 8 to 10 days prior to the onset over Kerala coast. The association of the moisture flux across the Indian Ocean and the rainfall over Kerala coast has also been examined. Results showed that the gradient of middle level moisture is stronger in the case of rainfall deficit years.With 13 Figures 相似文献
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Jaiswal Neeru Kishtawal C. M. Bhomia Swati 《Theoretical and Applied Climatology》2018,132(1-2):639-645
Theoretical and Applied Climatology - The southwest (SW) monsoon season (June, July, August and September) is the major period of rainfall over the Indian region. The present study focuses on the... 相似文献
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Guangdong suffered from the most serious precipitation of its corresponding time during the dragon-boat race of 2008 since 1951.The relationship between the strong dragon-boat precipitation in 2008 and atmospheric low-frequency oscillation was analyzed with the methods of wavelet analysis,correlation and Lanczos filter.Results showed that the daily rainfall exhibits a significant 7 to 12-day quasi-periodic oscillation(namely quasi-10-day oscillation) during the precipitation,the daily 500 hPa height over Guangdong exhibits a significant 8 to 13-day quasi-periodic oscillation,and the daily 850 hPa zonal wind averaged over the north of the South China Sea presents a significant quasi-12-day periodic oscillation.The Guangdong rainfall during the annually first rainy season is most closely correlated with monsoon over the north of South China Sea,and less closely with an upper-level trough at 500 hPa affecting Guangdong.Strong monsoon surges induced two heavy rainfall processes in 2008.The monsoon surges joined with a westward-propagating quasi-10-day oscillation that originated from the central Pacific and was enhanced in a strong convective region east of the Philippines and a northward-propagating monsoon that originated from the southern South China Sea was enhanced.With composite analysis of typical phases,the common evolution characteristics of atmospheric circulation of the two heavy rainfall processes were analyzed for different phases.These features can be used as reference for medium prediction of heavy rainfall processes in Guangdong. 相似文献
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The aim of this paper is to identify and delineate large signals of climatic variation in the Asian monsoon region and try to understand the nature of transformation from one climate regime to another.It is found that the summer monsoon over the Indian and western Pacific oceans stows distinct climatic regimes with changes occurring in the years around 1875, 1900, 1940 and 1960. The change of about 1900 is the largest one, which occurs in step with the variation of global oceanic climate pointed out by Fletcher, et al. (1982).The main characteristics of the transformation from one regime to another is an alternation of meridio-nality of monsoon current. The transformation occurs most strongly in the western Pacific convergence zone, where monsoon has strong interaction with the trade wind systems.The variability of monsoon rainfall over India and East China also exhibits some large signals which are synchronous with those of wind field over the ocean: the monsoon rainfall increases (decreases) during the “meridional monsoon period” (zonal monsoon period) over the ocean.It should be noted that the apparent decreasing of plum rains in East China since 1958 which is well known in China would be linked mainly with the sudden increasing of U-component of SW monsoon over the South China Sea.Finally a kind of seesaw between Indian monsoon and East China monsoon with somewhat time-lag is discussed. 相似文献
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利用我国西北地区1960—2003年131个测站降水和小型蒸发皿蒸发量资料, 综合考虑降水和蒸发这两个水分平衡最关键的分量构造了降水蒸发均一化干湿指数, 进而研究了西北地区干湿的时空演变特征。结果表明:一致性异常是西北地区近44年干湿特征的最主要空间分布模态; 西北地区干湿异常特征主要分为西风带气候区型, 高原气候区型和季风气候区型; 整个西北地区及其西风带气候区、高原气候区年干湿特征呈较为显著的变湿趋势, 大约在20世纪70年代中期均发生了由干向湿的突变, 而季风气候区表现为变干趋势, 并且在90年代前期发生了由湿向干的突变; 整个西北地区及各分区近44年来主要以年代际周期振荡为主。 相似文献
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朱乾根，胡江林ＥｆｆｅｃｔｓｏｎＡｓｉａｎＭｏｎｓｏｏｎｏｆＧｉｇａｎｔｉｃＱｉｎｇｈａｉ－ＸｉｚａｎｇＰｌａｔｅａｕａｎｄＷｅｓｔｅｒｎＰａｃｉｆｉｃＷａｒｍＰｏｏｌ￥ＺｈｕＱｉａｎｇｅｎａｎｄＨｕＪｉａｎｇｌｉｎ（ＮａｎｊｉｎｇＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅ... 相似文献
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南海夏季风爆发前后华南地区大气结构和能量收支的变化 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文计算、分析了1981年南海夏季风爆发前后华南地区平均的大气动力学和热力学结构,水汽和能量收支情况。分析表明,在季风爆发前后这些物理量场,特别是垂直运动场,都经历了一次明显的变化。南海夏季风的建立,是以副热带高压从南海东撒,越赤道气流北进为特征。它与以"爆发性涡旋"为开始,降水与西南气流同时开始的印度夏季风有所不同。另外,南海夏季风建立过程,主要变化发生在中、上层大气之中。这说明夏季风的建立,主要是大气环流季节性调整的结果,海陆差异需要有合适的大气环流配合才能产生明显的季风。对大气能量收支的分析表明,夏季风爆发前,华南地区主要是动能向总位能转换。所产生的总位能部分辐散到边界之外,部分消耗在对流层上层非绝热冷却过程之中,因而在对流层下部总位能才有稍明显的增长。夏季风爆发后,整个能量循环几乎相反。总位能大量转换为动能,以维持南海夏季风的增长。而整层大气中的非绝热加热以及总位能的辐合又补充了大气中总位能的损耗。潜热释放是夏季风爆发后大气的主要非绝热加热过程,它是南海夏季风维持,发展的主要能源。 相似文献
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长江中游区域性暴雨发展机理合成分析 总被引：8，自引：2，他引：8
利用高分辨TBB资料、逐6h NCEP/NCAP再分析资料和逐日降水资料及SCSMEX降水加密观测资料，通过对长江中游8次区域性暴雨的合成分析，研究发现：暴雨落区发生在急流出口区南侧与南亚高压脊线近极地一侧之间发散气流辐射加强的区域附近；且与东亚副热带地区季风涌相关联；高空非地转惯性平流风散度是高空总散度的主要贡献者，高空倾斜急流轴（NW－SE向）出口区水平风场的分布不均匀，导致其出口区的右侧产生较强的辐散场，由于对流风的作用，低层辐合会对高层辐散产生响应，从而诱发暴雨发生。高空急流轴倾斜以及急流出口区右侧强辐散场的出现要早于暴雨的发生。 相似文献
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Ｉ．ＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＥａｓｔＡｓｉａｉｓｓｉｔｕａｔｅｄｉｎｔｈｅｅａｓｔｅｒｎｐａｒｔｏｆｔｈｅＥｕｒａｓｉａｎｃｏｎｔｉｎｅｎｔｗｈｅｒｅｔｈｅｈｕｇｅＴｉｂｅｔａｎＰｌａｔｅａｕｅｘｉｓｔｓ．Ｆａｃｉｎｇｅａｓｔａｎｄｓｏｕｔｈｅａｓｔ... 相似文献
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J.M. Pathan 《大气科学进展》1994,11(1):111-120
ＤｉｕｒｎａｌＶａｒｉａｔｉｏｎｏｆＳｏｕｔｈｗｅｓｔＭｏｎｓｏｏｎＲａｉｎｆａｌｌａｔＩｎｄｉａｎＳｔａｔｉｏｎｓＪ．Ｍ．Ｐａｔｈａｎ（ＩｎｄｉａｎＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅｏｆＴｒｏｐｉｃａｌＭｅｔｅｏｒｏｌｏｇｙ，Ｐａｓｈａｎ，Ｐｕｎｅ－４１１００８，... 相似文献
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夏季对流层低层印缅槽活动初探 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本文对1974—1983年夏季印缅槽活动进行普查后指出,夏季印缅槽属于印度季风槽的一部分,它的活动受南海毗邻地区热带天气系统所制约。在南半球越赤道气流进入孟加拉湾和中南半岛所形成的西南季风潮过出后期,往往是印缅槽形成的良好时期。初夏印缅槽活动与华南前汛期的暴雨有较好的相关。 相似文献
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The Weather Research and Forecasting model with Chemistry (WRF-Chem) is utilized to examine the radiative effects of black carbon (BC) aerosols on the Indian monsoon, for the year 2010. Five ensemble simulations with different initial conditions (1st to 5th December, 2009) were performed and simulation results between 1st January, 2010 to 31st December, 2010 were used for analysis. Most of the BC which stays near the surface during the pre-monsoon season gets transported to higher altitudes with the northward migration of the Inter Tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) during the monsoon season. In both the seasons, strong negative SW anomalies are present at the surface along with positive anomalies in the atmosphere, which results in the surface cooling and lower tropospheric heating, respectively. During the pre-monsoon season, lower troposphere heating causes increased convection and enhanced meridional wind circulation, bringing moist air from Indian Ocean and Bay of Bengal to the North-East India, leading to increased rainfall there. However, during the monsoon season, along with cooling over the land regions, a warming over the Bay of Bengal is simulated. This differential heating results in an increased westerly moisture flux anomaly over central India, leading to increased rainfall over northern parts of India but decreased rainfall over southern parts. Decreased rainfall over southern India is also substantiated by the presence of increased evaporation over Bay of Bengal and decrease over land regions. 相似文献