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利用WRF模式和Jones电线积冰模型对发生在2010年2月10—11日湖北地区的电线覆冰舞动事故的天气过程进行分析,并对灾害性天气的可预报性进行初步探讨。结果表明:Jones电线积冰模型基于观测降水数据计算积冰厚度在1.3~5.4mm,与观测量级相同。由于WRF模式对此次天气过程的降水量模拟偏大而高估了电线积冰厚度。WRF模式模拟的10m风速风向与观测的一致性较好,模拟本次过程的风速为5~10m·s-1,风向为偏北风,而湖北地区输电线路以东西走向为主,较容易发生舞动事故。 相似文献
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利用河北省1980-2009年20个气象站的电线积冰观测资料,分析了河北省电线积冰的时空分布特征和不同方位电线积冰的特征。结果表明：河北省电线积冰平原多于山区;年际变化较大,呈减少的趋势;季节变化十分明显,1月份电线积冰日数最多;东西方向和南北方向的电线积冰在最大重量上有一定差别。利用常规观测资料、1°×1°间隔6h的NCEP资料和2010年1月1910日黄骅气象站逐时风向风速资料,对一次引起线路舞动的电线积冰天气过程进行了分析。结果表明：这次电线积冰是在地面冷空气与500hPa、700hPa低槽共同影响下由雨凇形成的。20日受冷空气影响,黄骅地面气温快速降至0℃附近,而850hPa温度由零上逐渐转为零下,在对流层低层有逆温层,气温的垂直结构有利于形成雨凇;发生舞动的线路走向与风向夹角较大;舞动发生在较大风速出现之后。 相似文献
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利用河北省1980-2009年20个气象站的电线积冰观测资料,分析了河北省电线积冰的时空分布特征和不同方位电线积冰的特征。结果表明：河北省电线积冰平原多于山区;年际变化较大,呈减少的趋势;季节变化十分明显,1月份电线积冰日数最多;东西方向和南北方向的电线积冰在最大重量上有一定差别。利用常规观测资料、1°×1°间隔6h的NCEP资料和2010年1月19-20日黄骅气象站逐时风向风速资料,对一次引起线路舞动的电线积冰天气过程进行了分析。结果表明：这次电线积冰是在地面冷空气与500hPa、700hPa低槽共同影响下由雨凇形成的。20日受冷空气影响,黄骅地面气温快速降至0 ℃附近,而850 hPa温度由零上逐渐转为零下,在对流层低层有逆温层,气温的垂直结构有利于形成雨凇;发生舞动的线路走向与风向夹角较大;舞动发生在较大风速出现之后。 相似文献
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湖南电线覆冰厚度估算模型研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
基于湖南省97个地面气象观测站（其中28个站有电线积冰观测业务）自建站至2008年的日气象观测资料,雪峰山、东山峰高山站的部分电线积冰观测资料,NCEP/NCAR再分析资料及地理信息资料,开展了气象要素、温度垂直结构、地理信息等环境因子对电线覆冰厚度的影响分析;利用逐步回归方法建立了电线覆冰厚度与环境因子的回归模型;在对回归模型进行统计检验的基础上,开展了自建模型与其他两种相关模型的比对分析。检验及比对结果表明,自建模型具有可用性。 相似文献
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利用2009~2013年冬季华中电网电线覆冰在线观测系统对湖北省500 k V高压输电线路积冰状况进行实时观测获取的资料,结合MICAPS常规气象资料、探空数据及NCEP再分析资料,对湖北形成积冰的天气形势、积冰持续时间以及形成积冰的逆温层结进行研究。结果表明:积冰的高空环流形势主要是小槽发展型、横槽型和低槽东移型3类,分别占43.8%、31.2%、25%;电线积冰主要发生在每年的1月、2月、11月、12月,月平均积冰时数分别为65、42、11、9;积冰可分为降水型积冰和云雾型积冰,降水型积冰过程中,900~700 h Pa高度间存在由北至南风向切变,冷暖空气交汇形成愈加深厚的逆温对降水积冰维持与发展起到重要的作用。 相似文献
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利用WRF中尺度数值模式并耦合Jones积冰厚度模型,对河南省2010年2月8—11日的冻雨过程进行了大气环流分析以及电线积冰厚度的模拟。研究结果显示:(1)在河南大部和安徽北部,冷暖气团在此交汇且出现强逆温层,满足了冻雨产生的天气条件:(2)模拟的降水场和10 m高度风向风速均与观测相当,但模拟降水中心强度略大:(3)模拟电线积冰在地面温度低于0℃时出现并快速增长。在积冰增长及维持阶段,垂直方向温度与水合物的模拟结果显示高低空配置与积冰厚度的变化趋势相吻合。积冰首先出现在伏牛山以北地区,随时间推移,积冰向伏牛山外围的东南部扩展。模拟的范围和积冰厚度演变大体上与观测值吻合,证明该模式可用于河南地区的积冰预测。(4)部分地区仍存在积冰厚度模拟值偏大的现象,其原因可能来自地形模拟精度较粗、模拟风速偏大、风向与电线夹角理想化以及Jones积冰模型阈值范围较小等因素,这表明耦合了Jones积冰厚度的WRF模式虽然有一定的模拟能力,但仍需要进一步改进。 相似文献
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用江西境内85个国家气象站近30年雨凇、雾凇观测记录分析了江西省积冰日的年际、年代际变化及分布特点。结果表明江西地区的积冰天气事件近30年来总体呈现发生频次减少,强度增强的特征;高山气象站的积冰事件的发生频率显著高于平原、丘陵气象站。积冰高发区主要分布在西、北山区及中部环鄱阳湖及抚河流域以南。另外,充分考虑2011年前后气象部门观测导线线径的变化,利用建站至今16个观冰站电线积冰数据对全省范围的最大电线积冰最大标准厚度进行了推算,结果更符合电力行业对电线积冰工程气象数据的需求。结果表明,除赣北山区外,全省大部分地区2 m高度电线积冰最大标准冰厚度小于20 mm,“轻冰区”范围较多。应重点关注高海拔山区的电线积冰的致灾状况并加以预防。针对该区域架空输电线路电线积冰设计的实际需要,采用极值I型概率分布函数结合高山站-庐山站的观测数据进行了推算,20 m高度百年一遇的最大标准冰厚达到71.1 mm,在计算不同走向的导线设计冰厚时迎风向与非迎风向的比例系数推荐设定为1.2,该结果可为现阶段江西“重冰区”电力工程项目规划设计中预防冰灾提供有力支持,为有效节省项目建设成本和科学预防气象灾害之间寻求平衡点提供气象保障。 相似文献
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Observed daily precipitation data from the National Meteorological Observatory in Hainan province and daily data from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP/NCAR) reanalysis-2 dataset from 1981 to 2014 are used to analyze the relationship between Hainan extreme heavy rainfall processes in autumn (referred to as EHRPs) and 10–30 d low-frequency circulation. Based on the key low-frequency signals and the NCEP Climate Forecast System Version 2 (CFSv2) model forecasting products, a dynamical-statistical method is established for the extended-range forecast of EHRPs. The results suggest that EHRPs have a close relationship with the 10–30 d low-frequency oscillation of 850 hPa zonal wind over Hainan Island and to its north, and that they basically occur during the trough phase of the low-frequency oscillation of zonal wind. The latitudinal propagation of the low-frequency wave train in the middle-high latitudes and the meridional propagation of the low-frequency wave train along the coast of East Asia contribute to the ‘north high (cold), south low (warm)’ pattern near Hainan Island, which results in the zonal wind over Hainan Island and to its north reaching its trough, consequently leading to EHRPs. Considering the link between low-frequency circulation and EHRPs, a low-frequency wave train index (LWTI) is defined and adopted to forecast EHRPs by using NCEP CFSv2 forecasting products. EHRPs are predicted to occur during peak phases of LWTI with value larger than 1 for three or more consecutive forecast days. Hindcast experiments for EHRPs in 2015–2016 indicate that EHRPs can be predicted 8–24 d in advance, with an average period of validity of 16.7 d. 相似文献
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Based on the measurements obtained at 64 national meteorological stations in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei (BTH) region between 1970 and 2013, the potential evapotranspiration (ET0) in this region was estimated using the Penman–Monteith equation and its sensitivity to maximum temperature (Tmax), minimum temperature (Tmin), wind speed (Vw), net radiation (Rn) and water vapor pressure (Pwv) was analyzed, respectively. The results are shown as follows. (1) The climatic elements in the BTH region underwent significant changes in the study period. Vw and Rn decreased significantly, whereas Tmin, Tmax and Pwv increased considerably. (2) In the BTH region, ET0 also exhibited a significant decreasing trend, and the sensitivity of ET0 to the climatic elements exhibited seasonal characteristics. Of all the climatic elements, ET0 was most sensitive to Pwv in the fall and winter and Rn in the spring and summer. On the annual scale, ET0 was most sensitive to Pwv, followed by Rn, Vw, Tmax and Tmin. In addition, the sensitivity coefficient of ET0 with respect to Pwv had a negative value for all the areas, indicating that increases in Pwv can prevent ET0 from increasing. (3) The sensitivity of ET0 to Tmin and Tmax was significantly lower than its sensitivity to other climatic elements. However, increases in temperature can lead to changes in Pwv and Rn. The temperature should be considered the key intrinsic climatic element that has caused the "evaporation paradox" phenomenon in the BTH region. 相似文献
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Storms that occur at the Bay of Bengal (BoB) are of a bimodal pattern, which is different from that of the other sea areas. By using the NCEP, SST and JTWC data, the causes of the bimodal pattern storm activity of the BoB are diagnosed and analyzed in this paper. The result shows that the seasonal variation of general atmosphere circulation in East Asia has a regulating and controlling impact on the BoB storm activity, and the “bimodal period” of the storm activity corresponds exactly to the seasonal conversion period of atmospheric circulation. The minor wind speed of shear spring and autumn contributed to the storm, which was a crucial factor for the generation and occurrence of the “bimodal pattern” storm activity in the BoB. The analysis on sea surface temperature (SST) shows that the SSTs of all the year around in the BoB area meet the conditions required for the generation of tropical cyclones (TCs). However, the SSTs in the central area of the bay are higher than that of the surrounding areas in spring and autumn, which facilitates the occurrence of a “two-peak” storm activity pattern. The genesis potential index (GPI) quantifies and reflects the environmental conditions for the generation of the BoB storms. For GPI, the intense low-level vortex disturbance in the troposphere and high-humidity atmosphere are the sufficient conditions for storms, while large maximum wind velocity of the ground vortex radius and small vertical wind shear are the necessary conditions of storms. 相似文献
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The spatial and temporal variations of daily maximum temperature(Tmax), daily minimum temperature(Tmin), daily maximum precipitation(Pmax) and daily maximum wind speed(WSmax) were examined in China using Mann-Kendall test and linear regression method. The results indicated that for China as a whole, Tmax, Tmin and Pmax had significant increasing trends at rates of 0.15℃ per decade, 0.45℃ per decade and 0.58 mm per decade,respectively, while WSmax had decreased significantly at 1.18 m·s~(-1) per decade during 1959—2014. In all regions of China, Tmin increased and WSmax decreased significantly. Spatially, Tmax increased significantly at most of the stations in South China(SC), northwestern North China(NC), northeastern Northeast China(NEC), eastern Northwest China(NWC) and eastern Southwest China(SWC), and the increasing trends were significant in NC, SC, NWC and SWC on the regional average. Tmin increased significantly at most of the stations in China, with notable increase in NEC, northern and southeastern NC and northwestern and eastern NWC. Pmax showed no significant trend at most of the stations in China, and on the regional average it decreased significantly in NC but increased in SC, NWC and the mid-lower Yangtze River valley(YR). WSmax decreased significantly at the vast majority of stations in China, with remarkable decrease in northern NC, northern and central YR, central and southern SC and in parts of central NEC and western NWC. With global climate change and rapidly economic development, China has become more vulnerable to climatic extremes and meteorological disasters, so more strategies of mitigation and/or adaptation of climatic extremes,such as environmentally-friendly and low-cost energy production systems and the enhancement of engineering defense measures are necessary for government and social publics. 相似文献
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《大气和海洋科学快报》2013,(1):67
正AIMS AND SCOPE Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters (AOSL) publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome.SUBMISSIONAll submitted 相似文献
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<正>With the support of specialized funds for national science institutions,the Guangzhou Institute of Tropical and Marine Meteorology,China Meteorological Administration set up in October 2008 an experiment base for marine meteorology and a number of observation systems for the coastal boundary layer,air-sea flux,marine environmental elements,and basic meteorological elements at Bohe town,Maoming city,Guangdong province,in the northern part of the South China Sea. 相似文献
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《大气和海洋科学快报》2014,7(6):F0003-F0003
AIMS AND SCOPE
Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
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《大气和海洋科学快报》2014,(5):F0003-F0003
AIMS AND SCOPE Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） pub- lishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmos- phere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
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《大气和海洋科学快报》2012,(3):273
正AIMS AND SCOPE Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters (AOSL) publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences 相似文献