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1.
大气气溶胶光学厚度遥感研究概况 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
大气气溶胶是影响气候变化的重要因子之一,利用遥感手段不仅可以获得气溶胶的分布信息,也可以得到相关的气溶胶光学特性参数。本文阐述了国内外气溶胶遥感的发展动态,介绍了气溶胶遥感的基本情况及气溶胶光学厚度反演的几种方法,提出了存在的问题并对今后的研究进行了展望。 相似文献
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该文提出了一种简单快速反演气溶胶光学厚度的方法,该算法对地表反照率的处理与MODIS V5.2算法相同,但气溶胶谱分布假定为Junge谱,设置了新的气溶胶参数。应用2006年9月6日—2008年6月10日太湖MODIS观测资料和2008年5月20日—2009年7月6日香河MODIS观测资料进行反演,并将反演结果与AERONET (AErosol RObotic NETwork) 站点资料进行对比,以检验算法的适用性和精度。对比结果显示:该算法在太湖的反演结果与AERONET太湖站反演结果对比的标准偏差为0.429,而MODIS卫星AOD产品与AERONET太湖站反演结果对比的标准偏差为0.693;相应在香河的两种反演结果与地面观测对比的标准偏差分别为0.493和0.542。该算法的反演误差小于MODIS现行算法,反演结果合理,具有较好的适用性,说明这种方法在这两个区域具有更高的反演精度。 相似文献
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CE318太阳光度计观测资料应用前景及其解读 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
2002年中国气象局在沙尘暴各观测站点安装了CE318太阳光度计,用于探测大气气溶胶。为了使研究人员了解CE318太阳光度计工作原理、数据存储格式及解读方法,使这批观测数据很好地发挥作用,该文介绍了气溶胶气候效应的研究现状,分析了应用太阳光度计这种地基手段探测气溶胶的优势以及探测数据的应用前景。同时,针对光度计原始观测资料直接应用的瓶颈问题———资料解读方案进行了讨论,包括定标、气溶胶光学厚度的计算、光度计数据质量控制方法等。结合新疆塔中站光度计观测资料,列举了采用Langley法进行定标和计算气溶胶光学厚度的步骤。 相似文献
4.
大气气溶胶的卫星遥感及其在气候和环境研究中的应用 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
卫星遥感可以获得全球范围的大气气溶胶光学特性,目前国内外已有多颗卫星观测能够提供气溶胶特性的资料。本文综述性介绍国内外卫星遥感气溶胶特性方面的研究进展和成果,并讨论了卫星遥感资料在气候和环境研究领域中的应用。主要内容包括:极轨/静止卫星平台搭载的被动遥感传感器及其反演气溶胶特性的方法;星载激光雷达获取气溶胶光学特性的方法;国内外正在研发的新一代卫星主、被动气溶胶遥感探测器;卫星气溶胶产品在气溶胶辐射强迫、气候效应、大尺度污染输送、区域空气质量监测等研究中的应用。 相似文献
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气溶胶粒子大小分布是地球环境科学研究中最重要的方向之一.由数学物理模型来估计气溶胶的粒子分布是一个不适定的反问题,反演的目的就是用适定的问题来代替不适定问题,并获得原问题解的近似.本文研究气溶胶粒子分布的约束优化反演方法.首先探讨了问题的病态性,接着基于对待反演参数施加先验约束给出了正则化模型.在正则化的具体实现上,研... 相似文献
7.
Aerosol optical properties over Beijing and Xianghe under several typical weather conditions
(clear sky, light haze, heavy pollution and dust storm) are derived from POLDER (POLarization and
Directionality of the Earths Reflectances)/PARASOL (Polarization and Anisotropy of Reflectances for
Atmospheric Sciences coupled with Observations from a Lidar) multi-directional, multi-spectral polarized
signals using a more reliable retrieval algorithm as proposed in this paper. The results are compared with
those of the operational retrieval algorithm of POLDER/PARASOL group and the ground-based AERONET (AErosol
RObotic NETwork)/PHOTONS (PHOtometrie pour le Traitement Operational de Normalisation Satellitaire)
measurements. It is shown that the aerosol optical parameters derived from the improved algorithm agree well
with AERONET/PHOTONS measurement. The retrieval accuracies of aerosol optical thickness (AOT) and effective
radius are 0.06 and 0.05 mu m respectively, which are close to or better than the required accuracies (0.04
for AOT and 0.1 mu m for effective radius) for estimating aerosol direct forcing. 相似文献
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Simulationsof Aerosol Optical Properties to Top of Atmospheric Reflected Sunlight in the Near Infrared CO2 Weak Absorption Band 
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下载免费PDF全文 Over the Asian continent,high aerosol loading is critical to ensure the high accuracy of CO2 retrieval in the near infrared absorption band.Simulations were performed to explore the effect of light path modification by aerosol son the atmospheric CO2 near infrared band(6140-6270 cm-1).The Vector LInearized Discrete Ordinate Radiative Transfer（VLIDORT） model and the Line-By-Line Radiative Transfer Model（LBLRTM） were used for forward calculations.The U.S.standard atmosphere was used for atmospheric profiles.The results indicate that the aerosols caused similar effects to increases in CO2 in the planetary boundary layer and became more significant with aerosol layer rising while aerosol optical depth was 0.1.This effect will cause an over estimation of the CO2 mixing ratio in the retrieval process and an under estimation in the aerosol layer.The results also indicate that the effect of urban and industrial aerosols is smaller than that of non-absorbing and dust aerosols because of the nearly constant absorption properties in the near infrared band. 相似文献
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藏北高原五道梁地区的气溶胶特征 总被引：5，自引：3，他引：2
通过对藏北高原五道梁地区的大气气溶胶光学厚度分析发现,该地区气溶胶光学厚度有明显的日变化及季节变化特征,气溶胶光学厚度增大时月平均气温与年平均气温减小。 相似文献
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利用建立的球面分层大气散射模式，研究了Ｂｒｅｗｅｒ仪器工作波长进行Ｕｍｋｅｈｒ短法反演所包含的信息量，给出Ｂｒｅｗｅｒ仪器探测大气臭氧垂直廓线的方法。同时，用气溶胶光学厚度计算得到气溶胶订正系数，建立了Ｕｍｋｅｈｒ反演的程序，用此程序对ＴａｂｌｅＭｏｕｎｔａｉｎ资料进行气溶胶修正，得到了较好的结果。对北京测站１９９１年１─３月资料进行由气溶胶造成的臭氧反演廓线的误差计算，结果表明，用常规反演方法得到的各层臭氧含量的误差与平流层气溶胶光学厚度有一近似线性的关系；进行气溶胶修正后，与国外的臭氧反演廓线的误差修正工作￣［１］比较，结果较一致。研究提出的气溶胶订正反演方法为更好地对平流层臭氧变化趋势进行研究提供了可能性和可靠的基础。 相似文献
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陆地上空标量辐射对地表反射率和大气气溶胶散射都具有很强的敏感性,而偏振反射只对大气气溶胶敏感,对地表不敏感。根据这个原理并结合POLDER(POLarization and Directionality of Earth Reflectance)资料的特点,作者提出综合利用标量辐射和偏振反射信息来实现陆地上空大气气溶胶和地表反照率的同时反演。首先,利用多角度偏振辐射观测提取大气气溶胶光学参数,再利用标量辐射测量对偏振反演结果作进一步筛选和订正,同时获得地表反射率。数值模拟试验结果证明,仅利用偏振信息只能获取大气气溶胶信息,而且其结果误差较大,特别是对于散射作用较强的短波长通道如670 nm误差更大,但经过标量辐射订正后的结果得到明显改善,气溶胶光学厚度和地表反射率与真实值之间相关系数都达到0.99以上。为提高查找表的计算效率,提出并建立了反演方案所需要的半参数化数值表,利用内插方法寻求气溶胶光学厚度和地表反射率的数值解的反演方法。 相似文献
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Assuming spheroidal and spherical particle shapes for mineral dust aerosols, the effect of particle shape on dust aerosol optical depth retrievals, and subsequently on instantaneous shortwave direct radiative forcing (SWDRF) at the top of the atmosphere (TOA), is assessed based on Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data for a case study. Specifically, a simplified aerosol retrieval algorithm based on the principle of the Deep Blue aerosol retrieval method is employed to retrieve dust aerosol optical depths, and the Fu-Liou radiative transfer model is used to derive the instantaneous SWDRF of dust at the TOA for cloud-free conditions. Without considering the effect of particle shape on dust aerosol optical depth retrievals, the effect of particle shape on the scattering properties of dust aerosols (e.g., extinction efficiency, single scattering albedo and asymmetry factor) is negligible, which can lead to a relative difference of at most 5% for the SWDRF at the TOA. However, the effect of particle shape on the SWDRF cannot be neglected provided that the effect of particle shape on dust aerosol optical depth retrievals is also taken into account for SWDRF calculations. The corresponding results in an instantaneous case study show that the relative differences of the SWDRF at the TOA between spheroids and spheres depend critically on the scattering angles at which dust aerosol optical depths are retrieved, and can be up to 40% for low dust-loading conditions. 相似文献
14.
Joonsuk Lee Won Jun Choi Deok Rae Kim Seung-Yeon Kim Chang-Keun Song Jun Suk Hong Youdeog Hong Sukjo Lee 《Asia-Pacific Journal of Atmospheric Sciences》2013,49(3):271-278
Surface erythemal UV radiation is mainly affected by total column ozone, aerosols, clouds, and solar zenith angle. The effect of ozone on the surface UV radiation has been explored many times in the previous studies due to the decrease of ozone layer. In this study, we calculated the effect of aerosols on the surface UV radiation as well as that of ozone using data acquired from Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI). First, ozone, aerosol optical depth (AOD), and surface erythemal UVB radiation measured from satellite are compared with those from ground measurements. The results showed that the comparison for ozone was good with r 2 of 0.92. For aerosol, there was difference between satellite measurements and surface measurements due to the insufficient information on aerosol in the retrieval algorithm. The r 2 for surface erythemal UV radiation was high (～0.94) but satellite measurements showed about 30% larger values than surface measurements on average by not considering the effect of absorbing aerosols in the retrieval process from satellite measurements. Radiative amplification factor (RAF) is used to access the effect of ozone and aerosol quantitatively. RAF for ozone was 0.97～1.49 with solar zenith angle. To evaluate the effect of aerosol on the surface UV radiation, only clear-sky pixel data were used and solar zenith angle and total column amount of ozone were fixed. Also, RAF for aerosol was assessed according to the single scattering albedo (SSA) of aerosols. The results showed that RAF for aerosol with smaller SSA (< 0.90) was larger than that for with larger SSA (> 0.90). The RAF for aerosol was 0.09～0.22 for the given conditions which was relatively small compared to that for ozone. However, considering the fact that aerosol optical depth can change largely in time and space while the total column amount of ozone does not change very much, it needs to include the effect of aerosol to predict the variations of surface UV radiation more correctly. 相似文献
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Aerosol retrieval algorithms for the MODerate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) have been developed to estimate aerosol and microphysical properties of the atmosphere, which help to address aerosol climatic issues at global scale. However, higher spatial resolution aerosol products for urban areas have not been well-researched mainly due to the difficulty of differentiating aerosols from bright surfaces in urban areas. Here, an aerosol retrieval algorithm using the MODIS 500-m resolution bands is described, to retrieve aerosol properties over Hong Kong and the Pearl River Delta region. The rationale of our technique is to first estimate the aerosol reflectances by decomposing the top-of-atmosphere reflectances from surface reflectances and Rayleigh path reflectances. For the determination of surface reflectances, a Minimum Reflectance Technique (MRT) is used, and MRT images are computed for different seasons. For conversion of aerosol reflectance to aerosol optical thickness (AOT), comprehensive Look Up Tables specific to the local region are constructed, which consider aerosol properties and sun-viewing geometry in the radiative transfer calculations. Four local aerosol types, namely coastal urban, polluted urban, dust, and heavy pollution, were derived using cluster analysis on 3 years of AERONET measurements in Hong Kong. The resulting 500 m AOT images were found to be highly correlated with ground measurements from the AERONET (r2 = 0.767) and Microtops II sunphotometers (r2 = 0.760) in Hong Kong. This study further demonstrates the application of the fine resolution AOT images for monitoring inter-urban and intra-urban aerosol distributions and the influence of trans-boundary flows. These applications include characterization of spatial patterns of AOT within the city, and detection of regional biomass burning sources. 相似文献
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用MODIS反演北京城市地区地表反照率精度以及算法改进 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1
MODIS(MODerate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer)地表反照率的精度在乡村地区已经得到了检验,但是至今没有在城市地区的有关研究。地表反照率的精度在很大程度上取决于大气订正的精度,作者利用2002年以来的北京AERONET(国际气溶胶检测网络)站点Cimel气溶胶观测资料对反射率进行大气订正,通过对比来评价MODIS地表反照率算法中大气订正的精度。结果发现,MODIS大气订正在蓝光波段具有明显的过度订正现象,MODIS大气订正后地表反射率平均偏低0.03。MODIS地表反照率在冬季有约75%的缺测,这是因为冬季严重的空气污染使得MODIS云检测得到晴空观测较少。MODIS使用三参数双向反射率函数（BRDF）要求16天以内至少有3次以上的晴空观测（MODIS算法中要求7次）。通过分析MODIS反演得到的三参数,发现虽然它们的绝对值具有明显的季节变化,但是它们的比值是十分稳定的,这样使BRDF函数降低到只需要一个参数,有效降低了对晴空观测次数的要求,这一思想可以应用到热带等晴空日数较少的地区。 相似文献
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用空间匹配的MODIS云产品客观确定AIRS云检测 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
中分辨率成像光谱仪MODIS有可见光及近红外通道,云检测能力超过大气红外探测器AIRS,在我们的算法中,AIRS云检测由落在每个AIRS视场中的精确空间匹配的1 kmMODIS云检测产品客观确定。实况资料测试说明该AIRS云检测算法简单易行且精度较高,目前正在业务使用。 相似文献
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《Atmospheric Research》2005,73(1-2):37-43
To account for surface reflection is a major and most complex issue of any satellite aerosol retrieval algorithm. The surface contribution to the satellite signal is usually calculated assuming Lambertian reflection. Then the problem is reduced to the calculation of total atmospheric transmittance and spherical albedo. Usually, these parameters are stored in so-called look-up tables (LUTs), which can be quite large. The main aim of this paper is the parameterization of these look-up tables in terms of simple approximate equations, which can be subsequently used in aerosol remote sensing techniques over reflecting land surfaces. 相似文献
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The relationship between the radiance ratio (radiance at wavelength 450 nm to 650 nm) and aerosol optical depth (AOD) is analyzed in this paper by numerical simulation and a "LUT" (look-up table) approach is then presented for the retrieval of AOD from the radiance ratio. In this LUT approach, the AOD retrieval error depends mainly on the assumption of aerosol types. From the preliminary simulation, a typical error of 15%–20% in AOD obtained from the radiance ratio is estimated, due to neglecting changes in... 相似文献