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近50a青海西宁气温变化特征 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
利用西宁市1961～2010年年平均温度、平均最高最低温度、极端最高最低温度,研究西宁气温变化的气候特征。结果表明,近50 a来西宁市4季和全年的平均气温都呈上升趋势,近些年来略有回落,其中冬季增温最明显。西宁市最高最低气温变化在线性增温趋势的稳定性、倾向率和突变现象均有明显的非对称性特征:各季节的平均最高气温的线性趋势均稳定,平均最低气温在冬季和夏季线性增温趋势稳定,最高气温的倾向率在各个季节或年平均上比最低气温的倾向率大得多,冷季的线性倾向率明显大于暖季;极端最高气温线性趋势呈上升态势,极端最低则为弱的下降趋势;极端最低和年平均最低气温突变发生较早,在1963年附近,极端最高和年平均最高气温突变时间大体一致发生在1990年代。 相似文献
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《气象研究与应用》2015,(2)
利用黄石市气象台1954年1月1日至2013年12月31日共60a的地面观测资料,选取逐日的平均气温、最高气温和最低气温做为研究对象,采用气候趋势分析、相关分析、Mann-Kendall突变检验分析和小波分析等方法对黄石市极值气温变化特征进行分析,结果表明:(1)1954-2013黄石市年平均气温、平均最高气温和平均最低气温呈波动上升的趋势,其中年平均气温和平均最低气温上升趋势显著,对于近60a黄石市年平均气温的升高,年平均最低气温的贡献是主要的;(2)近60a黄石市极端最高气温和极端最低气温均呈波动上升的趋势,其中极端最低气温上升趋势显著,1984-2013年极端最低气温的升高是造成近60年极端最低气温显著升高的主要原因;(3)近60a黄石市年最大日较差呈波动下降的趋势,但不显著,平均最低气温的上升速度明显大于平均最高气温的上升速度,极端最低气温的上升速度明显大于极端最高气温的上升速度,这造成了气温日较差的不断减小;(4)近60a黄石市气温(年平均气温、年最高\最低气温、极端最高\最低气温)的显著升高,与最高气温出现在20℃以上的天数增加和出现在20℃以下的天数减少有关,与最低气温出现在10℃以上的天数增加和出现在10℃以下的天数减少有关,其中T0℃的高温日数和低温日数的显著减少以及20≤T30℃的低温日数的显著增加贡献最大。 相似文献
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利用咸阳市12个国家气象观测站1960—2019年冬季(12月至翌年2月)平均气温、平均最高气温、平均最低气温等资料,采用一元线性趋势、累积距平、Mann Kendall趋势和检验等分析方法,对咸阳市近60年的冬季气温变化特征进行分析。结果表明：近60年来咸阳市冬季平均气温、平均最高最低气温、极端最高最低气温和年均气温存在明显的上升趋势,其线性趋势率分别为0348、0371、0331、0257、0297、0232 ℃/10 a;冬季气温增温趋势与年均气温趋势具有一致性,线性趋势率大于年气温,尤其是冬季最低气温的线性趋势率最大;冬季各月以2月线性趋势率最大,为050 ℃/10 a,表明2月气温的升高对冬季变暖贡献较大;冬季平均、平均最低最高、极端最低最高气温的突变时间分别在1985、1985、1995、1970和2000年,冬季气温突变比年气温突变发生早,以极端最低气温发生突变最早;冬季以20世纪90年代中后期为界,由冷冬为主转为暖冬为主,咸阳冬季气温与西北地区冬季气温变化趋势具有一致性。空间分布上,咸阳冬季平均气温呈北低南高分布,而线性趋势率大致呈北高南低分布,最大为淳化,最小为武功,北部五县比南部七县气温突变发生时间早,线性增温速率大,气温变化波动较大。 相似文献
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1 荔枝种植的气候环境分析 钦州市地处南亚热带季风海洋性气候区,年平均气温为22℃,极端最低气温仅1955年出现过-1.8℃,其余年份极端最低气温均在0℃以上,荔枝的安全越冬不成问题,冬季干凉少雨,夏季高温湿热,对荔枝的正常生长发育较为适宜,但在高产、稳产、优质的生产上,与邻县灵山相比,仍存在着一定的不利因素,其主要表现在: 相似文献
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该文采用龙胜站1960年12月—2010年2月的逐日平均气温和最低气温资料,用一元线性回归方法对龙胜50a来年平均气温、冬季平均气温、冬季平均最低气温、冬季极端最低气温、冬季寒冷日数与冬季冷积温进行了统计分析。结果表明：50a来龙胜年平均气温、冬季平均气温、冬季平均最低气温和冬季极端最低气温都呈明显上升趋势,其中冬季极端最低气温的上升最为显著;冬季寒冷日数与冬季冷积温都呈明显下降趋势。年平均气温和冬季平均气温的年代际变化特征基本一致,20世纪90年代开始都呈明显上升趋势;冬季平均最低气温和冬季极端最低气温自20世纪60年代开始始终维持上升的年代际变化趋势;冬季寒冷日数和冬季冷积温自20世纪80年代开始始终维持下降的年代际变化趋势。特别是20世纪90年代以来,龙胜年平均气温、冬季平均气温、冬季平均最低气温和冬季极端最低气温的年代平均值都高于多年平均值,而冬季寒冷日数与冷积温的年代平均值都低于多年平均值,龙胜处于相对暖期。 相似文献
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通过一元线性回归、滑动平均等方法,对锦屏县1961-2008年近48 a来的平均气温、平均最高气温及平均最低气温变化进行分析。结果发现,近48 a来,锦屏县的年平均气温呈上升趋势(0.132℃/10 a),特别是90年代增温明显,且冬季变暖趋势大于夏季。年平均最高气温与年平均最低气温也呈上升趋势,但最高气温的增速(0.075℃/10 a)慢于最低气温的增速(0.204℃/10 a)。 相似文献
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河北省极值气温变化特征 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
利用河北省60个气象观测站资料,对全省近50年极值气温变化特征进行了分析,结果表明:极端最高气温线性变化趋势不明显,但年代际变化特征突出,而极端最低气温线性升高趋势明显。低于-30℃的极端寒冷日呈线性减少趋势,而高于40℃的极端炎热日线性变化趋势不明显,但年代际变化特征突出,20世纪90年代后期以来呈多发的特点。最低气温出现偏冷段(-10℃)的天数呈线性减少趋势,出现在偏暖段(20～30℃)的天数呈线性增加趋势,在其他界限气温的天数变化趋势不明显。最高气温出现在偏冷段(-30～0℃)的天数呈明显减少趋势,在其他界限气温的天数变化趋势不明显。河北省无霜期、无冰冻期均呈明显延长趋势,平均每10年分别延长4.5天、4.6天。年平均最高气温、最低气温和平均气温都呈显著的线性升高趋势,平均每10年分别升高0.21℃、0.45℃、0.30℃,低温升温速率明显大于高温升温速率。日较差呈逐年减小趋势,平均每10年减小0.25℃。空间上最低气温表现为全省明显升高,而最高气温升温主要集中在中北部和东部沿海地区,南部升温不明显,日较差大部分地区为逐渐减小趋势。 相似文献
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The spatial and temporal variations of daily maximum temperature(Tmax), daily minimum temperature(Tmin), daily maximum precipitation(Pmax) and daily maximum wind speed(WSmax) were examined in China using Mann-Kendall test and linear regression method. The results indicated that for China as a whole, Tmax, Tmin and Pmax had significant increasing trends at rates of 0.15℃ per decade, 0.45℃ per decade and 0.58 mm per decade,respectively, while WSmax had decreased significantly at 1.18 m·s~(-1) per decade during 1959—2014. In all regions of China, Tmin increased and WSmax decreased significantly. Spatially, Tmax increased significantly at most of the stations in South China(SC), northwestern North China(NC), northeastern Northeast China(NEC), eastern Northwest China(NWC) and eastern Southwest China(SWC), and the increasing trends were significant in NC, SC, NWC and SWC on the regional average. Tmin increased significantly at most of the stations in China, with notable increase in NEC, northern and southeastern NC and northwestern and eastern NWC. Pmax showed no significant trend at most of the stations in China, and on the regional average it decreased significantly in NC but increased in SC, NWC and the mid-lower Yangtze River valley(YR). WSmax decreased significantly at the vast majority of stations in China, with remarkable decrease in northern NC, northern and central YR, central and southern SC and in parts of central NEC and western NWC. With global climate change and rapidly economic development, China has become more vulnerable to climatic extremes and meteorological disasters, so more strategies of mitigation and/or adaptation of climatic extremes,such as environmentally-friendly and low-cost energy production systems and the enhancement of engineering defense measures are necessary for government and social publics. 相似文献
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Observed daily precipitation data from the National Meteorological Observatory in Hainan province and daily data from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP/NCAR) reanalysis-2 dataset from 1981 to 2014 are used to analyze the relationship between Hainan extreme heavy rainfall processes in autumn (referred to as EHRPs) and 10–30 d low-frequency circulation. Based on the key low-frequency signals and the NCEP Climate Forecast System Version 2 (CFSv2) model forecasting products, a dynamical-statistical method is established for the extended-range forecast of EHRPs. The results suggest that EHRPs have a close relationship with the 10–30 d low-frequency oscillation of 850 hPa zonal wind over Hainan Island and to its north, and that they basically occur during the trough phase of the low-frequency oscillation of zonal wind. The latitudinal propagation of the low-frequency wave train in the middle-high latitudes and the meridional propagation of the low-frequency wave train along the coast of East Asia contribute to the ‘north high (cold), south low (warm)’ pattern near Hainan Island, which results in the zonal wind over Hainan Island and to its north reaching its trough, consequently leading to EHRPs. Considering the link between low-frequency circulation and EHRPs, a low-frequency wave train index (LWTI) is defined and adopted to forecast EHRPs by using NCEP CFSv2 forecasting products. EHRPs are predicted to occur during peak phases of LWTI with value larger than 1 for three or more consecutive forecast days. Hindcast experiments for EHRPs in 2015–2016 indicate that EHRPs can be predicted 8–24 d in advance, with an average period of validity of 16.7 d. 相似文献
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Based on the measurements obtained at 64 national meteorological stations in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei (BTH) region between 1970 and 2013, the potential evapotranspiration (ET0) in this region was estimated using the Penman–Monteith equation and its sensitivity to maximum temperature (Tmax), minimum temperature (Tmin), wind speed (Vw), net radiation (Rn) and water vapor pressure (Pwv) was analyzed, respectively. The results are shown as follows. (1) The climatic elements in the BTH region underwent significant changes in the study period. Vw and Rn decreased significantly, whereas Tmin, Tmax and Pwv increased considerably. (2) In the BTH region, ET0 also exhibited a significant decreasing trend, and the sensitivity of ET0 to the climatic elements exhibited seasonal characteristics. Of all the climatic elements, ET0 was most sensitive to Pwv in the fall and winter and Rn in the spring and summer. On the annual scale, ET0 was most sensitive to Pwv, followed by Rn, Vw, Tmax and Tmin. In addition, the sensitivity coefficient of ET0 with respect to Pwv had a negative value for all the areas, indicating that increases in Pwv can prevent ET0 from increasing. (3) The sensitivity of ET0 to Tmin and Tmax was significantly lower than its sensitivity to other climatic elements. However, increases in temperature can lead to changes in Pwv and Rn. The temperature should be considered the key intrinsic climatic element that has caused the "evaporation paradox" phenomenon in the BTH region. 相似文献
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Storms that occur at the Bay of Bengal (BoB) are of a bimodal pattern, which is different from that of the other sea areas. By using the NCEP, SST and JTWC data, the causes of the bimodal pattern storm activity of the BoB are diagnosed and analyzed in this paper. The result shows that the seasonal variation of general atmosphere circulation in East Asia has a regulating and controlling impact on the BoB storm activity, and the “bimodal period” of the storm activity corresponds exactly to the seasonal conversion period of atmospheric circulation. The minor wind speed of shear spring and autumn contributed to the storm, which was a crucial factor for the generation and occurrence of the “bimodal pattern” storm activity in the BoB. The analysis on sea surface temperature (SST) shows that the SSTs of all the year around in the BoB area meet the conditions required for the generation of tropical cyclones (TCs). However, the SSTs in the central area of the bay are higher than that of the surrounding areas in spring and autumn, which facilitates the occurrence of a “two-peak” storm activity pattern. The genesis potential index (GPI) quantifies and reflects the environmental conditions for the generation of the BoB storms. For GPI, the intense low-level vortex disturbance in the troposphere and high-humidity atmosphere are the sufficient conditions for storms, while large maximum wind velocity of the ground vortex radius and small vertical wind shear are the necessary conditions of storms. 相似文献
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Yuepeng PAN Mengna GU Yuexin HE Dianming WU Chunyan LIU Linlin SONG Shili TIAN Xuemei Lü Yang SUN Tao SONG Wendell W. WALTERS Xuejun LIU Nicholas A. MARTIN Qianqian ZHANG Yunting FANG Valerio FERRACCI Yuesi WANG 《大气科学进展》2020,37(9):933-938
正While China’s Air Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan on particulate matter since 2013 has reduced sulfate significantly, aerosol ammonium nitrate remains high in East China. As the high nitrate abundances are strongly linked with ammonia, reducing ammonia emissions is becoming increasingly important to improve the air quality of China. Although satellite data provide evidence of substantial increases in atmospheric ammonia concentrations over major agricultural regions, long-term surface observation of ammonia concentrations are sparse. In addition, there is still no consensus on 相似文献
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《大气和海洋科学快报》2013,(1):67
正AIMS AND SCOPE Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters (AOSL) publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome.SUBMISSIONAll submitted 相似文献
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<正>With the support of specialized funds for national science institutions,the Guangzhou Institute of Tropical and Marine Meteorology,China Meteorological Administration set up in October 2008 an experiment base for marine meteorology and a number of observation systems for the coastal boundary layer,air-sea flux,marine environmental elements,and basic meteorological elements at Bohe town,Maoming city,Guangdong province,in the northern part of the South China Sea. 相似文献
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《大气和海洋科学快报》2014,7(6):F0003-F0003
AIMS AND SCOPE
Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
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《大气和海洋科学快报》2014,(5):F0003-F0003
AIMS AND SCOPE Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） pub- lishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmos- phere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献