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AREM模拟云参数与卫星观测的比较研究 总被引：1，自引：3，他引：1
数值模式模拟计算云量与卫星观测云量的定义不同, 难以进行定量比较, 从而限制了对云模拟误差的检验和修正.作者介绍了可把数值模式输出云参数转换成ISCCP卫星反演云参数的云模拟器, 并将其试用于AREM区域模式中, 定量分析了模拟云参数和ISCCP反演云参数的差异.结果表明, AREM模式可以再现中国东部冬季云的基本分布特征, 但与观测相比, 四川地区云量模拟偏大20%, 华东地区则偏小20%左右, 云量中心的云顶高度比ISCCP反演值偏低一个高度段, 云光学厚度偏大一个厚度段.模拟与观测云参数的定量比较, 为评估和改进模式性能提供了依据. 相似文献
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利用武汉中心气象台研发的“武汉区域气象中心天气轨道业务产品检验与评估平台”,对武汉区域气象中心在业务中使用的T213、AREM、日本数值预报模式和德国数值预报模式在2007年主汛期的降水预报进行了分级降水检验以及时空分布演变综合评估。结果表明,日本数值预报模式的综合预报性能最好,AREM次好,各模式均存在对强降水预报漏报率偏大的问题;AREM模式对降水带分布和中心强度的预报与实况最接近,表现出对降水带分布较强的预报能力,其它模式对强降水中心位置及强度的预报均有一定偏差;四种数值模式对区域强降水过程的发展趋势具有较强的预报能力,但降水量预报与实况有一定的差距。 相似文献
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η中尺度暴雨预报模式在湖北的汛期试验分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
在2002年主汛期，将武汉暴雨研究所从中科院引进的宇如聪等设计的两个版本的η坐标有限区域数值预报模式REM、AREM进行了每天两个时次的数值预报试验，并对它们降水预报的TS评分进行了比较。结果表明，改进后的REM模式(AREM)预报水平有明显提高。 相似文献
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区域数值模式对两次暴雨过程的降水模拟比较 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
分析了应用于西南地区的MM5、GRAEPS、AREM和成都区域业务运行数值模式(η)4个区域模式对2004年6月29~30日成都邻近地区和9月2~6日四川盆地东北部的暴雨降水过程进行了模拟。模拟结果表明,4个区域模式对这两次强降水过程有不同程度的反映。MM5、GRAPES和AREM显示了较好的预报能力,特别是MM5和AREM模式的预报在落区、强度和降水演变上与实况较一致。AREM模式预报的雨区清晰,但降水强度偏弱;MM5模式在预报出强降水的同时,出现较多的虚假降水,对持续时间长的降水过程预报较好,GRAPES预报的雨区较不稳定,但对持续时间短的过程有较好的反映;η模式降水预报偏小太多,对6月30日的过程在盆地的预报无明显反映。因此,有必要加大区域模式本地化工作,发展适合西南地区的数值模式,开展数值集合预报技术研究,整体提高成都区域中心数值预报水平。 相似文献
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利用AREM中尺度数值模式,对2005年7月8日四川盆地大暴雨天气过程进行了数值模拟,比较分析了AREM模式提供的不同降水方案、地表通量方案、地表辐射参数化方案对此次降水过程的模拟,以及对该过程中西南低涡活动特征的模拟。试验结果表明:各方案较好地反映了四川盆地西南部强降水,对其东北部的强降水模拟存在较大偏差;各方案模拟的涡度场和流场分布决定了降水区域分布;采用降水的显式云微物理过程和大尺度饱和凝结过程模拟的降水强度、低涡强度和低空急流有一定差异,后者模拟的偏强,与实况更接近;不同地表通量过程和地表辐射过程对降水、低涡和低空急流的模拟无明显差异。 相似文献
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雷达反演水汽在华南前汛期短时临近降水预报应用试验 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
为了改善数值预报模式短时临近降水预报能力,采用雷达水汽反演同化方案来提高模式初始水汽场质量。以华南精细预报模式对2013年5月进行了冷启动、热启动和热启动加雷达水汽同化等3个对比试验,并进一步详细分析2013年5月8—9日广东西南部到珠三角地区强降雨过程,探讨雷达反演水汽对短时临近降水预报的影响作用。分析结果显示3个试验结果反映精细模式冷启动不利于1~6 h的降水预报,模式热启动能较好预报前6 h的降水,但对随后预报效果不佳。在热启动的基础上,考虑同化雷达反演的水汽后,不仅较好模拟前6 h的降水,也可以预报出6~12 h的降雨带变化趋势。 相似文献
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业务实践表明,AREM模式对中国暴雨有较好的模拟能力。当前AREM模式中可供选择的边界层参数化方案比较单一,而不同边界层方案对暴雨的模拟差异较大,所以在AREM中引入一种新的边界层方案是提高其性能的一个重要方面。本文介绍了在AREM模式中引入Mellor-Yamada-Janjić(MYJ)边界层方案的关键技术与流程,并对MYJ方案的模拟能力进行了评估。模式对2008年四川暴雨的模拟结果表明,MYJ方案有助于改善模式预报的降雨落区位置。 相似文献
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2007年汛期AREM模式降水预报效果检验分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
过对2007年6～8月AREM模式降水预报做不同时效、不同区域的TS评分对比,比较AREM与T213、JAPAN三个模式降水预报TS评分,并对AREM模式2007年汛期主要降水过程预报效果进行检验分析,从而获得AREM模式2007年汛期降水预报效果和特点,结果表明:(1)从AREM模式不同时效降水预报TS评分对比可知,对长江中下游区域,AREM模式12～36 h预报效果好于0～24 h预报,24～48 h效果相对较差,对华南、华北、东北、西南东部区域的降水,AREM模式预报效果均随时效延长而减弱。(2)由AREM模式对不同区域降水预报TS评分的对比可知,AREM模式(各预报时效)对长江中下游地区各量级降水预报的TS评分均高于全国范围的TS评分,西南东部(各预报时效)小雨(以上)量级TS评分均为各区域最高,但中雨以上各量级TS评分均低于全国范围,其他区域无稳定的预报特性。(3)从AREM、T213、JAPAN对长江中下游地区12～36 h降水预报TS评分对比可知,三个模式小雨(以上)量级降水的TS评分基本相当,对该区域暴雨、大暴雨强降水中心的预报,AREM好于T213,JAPAN相对较差,随量级增加AREM预报优势表现更为明显。(4)对2007年汛期6次个例分析可知,AREM模式对长江中下游尤其是江淮流域的大范围强降水过程预报效果较好,对暴雨、大暴雨中心的预报较T213和JAPAN有明显的优势,但对小范围、局地强降水过程的预报效果不够理想。 相似文献
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Observed daily precipitation data from the National Meteorological Observatory in Hainan province and daily data from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP/NCAR) reanalysis-2 dataset from 1981 to 2014 are used to analyze the relationship between Hainan extreme heavy rainfall processes in autumn (referred to as EHRPs) and 10–30 d low-frequency circulation. Based on the key low-frequency signals and the NCEP Climate Forecast System Version 2 (CFSv2) model forecasting products, a dynamical-statistical method is established for the extended-range forecast of EHRPs. The results suggest that EHRPs have a close relationship with the 10–30 d low-frequency oscillation of 850 hPa zonal wind over Hainan Island and to its north, and that they basically occur during the trough phase of the low-frequency oscillation of zonal wind. The latitudinal propagation of the low-frequency wave train in the middle-high latitudes and the meridional propagation of the low-frequency wave train along the coast of East Asia contribute to the ‘north high (cold), south low (warm)’ pattern near Hainan Island, which results in the zonal wind over Hainan Island and to its north reaching its trough, consequently leading to EHRPs. Considering the link between low-frequency circulation and EHRPs, a low-frequency wave train index (LWTI) is defined and adopted to forecast EHRPs by using NCEP CFSv2 forecasting products. EHRPs are predicted to occur during peak phases of LWTI with value larger than 1 for three or more consecutive forecast days. Hindcast experiments for EHRPs in 2015–2016 indicate that EHRPs can be predicted 8–24 d in advance, with an average period of validity of 16.7 d. 相似文献
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Based on the measurements obtained at 64 national meteorological stations in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei (BTH) region between 1970 and 2013, the potential evapotranspiration (ET0) in this region was estimated using the Penman–Monteith equation and its sensitivity to maximum temperature (Tmax), minimum temperature (Tmin), wind speed (Vw), net radiation (Rn) and water vapor pressure (Pwv) was analyzed, respectively. The results are shown as follows. (1) The climatic elements in the BTH region underwent significant changes in the study period. Vw and Rn decreased significantly, whereas Tmin, Tmax and Pwv increased considerably. (2) In the BTH region, ET0 also exhibited a significant decreasing trend, and the sensitivity of ET0 to the climatic elements exhibited seasonal characteristics. Of all the climatic elements, ET0 was most sensitive to Pwv in the fall and winter and Rn in the spring and summer. On the annual scale, ET0 was most sensitive to Pwv, followed by Rn, Vw, Tmax and Tmin. In addition, the sensitivity coefficient of ET0 with respect to Pwv had a negative value for all the areas, indicating that increases in Pwv can prevent ET0 from increasing. (3) The sensitivity of ET0 to Tmin and Tmax was significantly lower than its sensitivity to other climatic elements. However, increases in temperature can lead to changes in Pwv and Rn. The temperature should be considered the key intrinsic climatic element that has caused the "evaporation paradox" phenomenon in the BTH region. 相似文献
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Storms that occur at the Bay of Bengal (BoB) are of a bimodal pattern, which is different from that of the other sea areas. By using the NCEP, SST and JTWC data, the causes of the bimodal pattern storm activity of the BoB are diagnosed and analyzed in this paper. The result shows that the seasonal variation of general atmosphere circulation in East Asia has a regulating and controlling impact on the BoB storm activity, and the “bimodal period” of the storm activity corresponds exactly to the seasonal conversion period of atmospheric circulation. The minor wind speed of shear spring and autumn contributed to the storm, which was a crucial factor for the generation and occurrence of the “bimodal pattern” storm activity in the BoB. The analysis on sea surface temperature (SST) shows that the SSTs of all the year around in the BoB area meet the conditions required for the generation of tropical cyclones (TCs). However, the SSTs in the central area of the bay are higher than that of the surrounding areas in spring and autumn, which facilitates the occurrence of a “two-peak” storm activity pattern. The genesis potential index (GPI) quantifies and reflects the environmental conditions for the generation of the BoB storms. For GPI, the intense low-level vortex disturbance in the troposphere and high-humidity atmosphere are the sufficient conditions for storms, while large maximum wind velocity of the ground vortex radius and small vertical wind shear are the necessary conditions of storms. 相似文献
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The spatial and temporal variations of daily maximum temperature(Tmax), daily minimum temperature(Tmin), daily maximum precipitation(Pmax) and daily maximum wind speed(WSmax) were examined in China using Mann-Kendall test and linear regression method. The results indicated that for China as a whole, Tmax, Tmin and Pmax had significant increasing trends at rates of 0.15℃ per decade, 0.45℃ per decade and 0.58 mm per decade,respectively, while WSmax had decreased significantly at 1.18 m·s~(-1) per decade during 1959—2014. In all regions of China, Tmin increased and WSmax decreased significantly. Spatially, Tmax increased significantly at most of the stations in South China(SC), northwestern North China(NC), northeastern Northeast China(NEC), eastern Northwest China(NWC) and eastern Southwest China(SWC), and the increasing trends were significant in NC, SC, NWC and SWC on the regional average. Tmin increased significantly at most of the stations in China, with notable increase in NEC, northern and southeastern NC and northwestern and eastern NWC. Pmax showed no significant trend at most of the stations in China, and on the regional average it decreased significantly in NC but increased in SC, NWC and the mid-lower Yangtze River valley(YR). WSmax decreased significantly at the vast majority of stations in China, with remarkable decrease in northern NC, northern and central YR, central and southern SC and in parts of central NEC and western NWC. With global climate change and rapidly economic development, China has become more vulnerable to climatic extremes and meteorological disasters, so more strategies of mitigation and/or adaptation of climatic extremes,such as environmentally-friendly and low-cost energy production systems and the enhancement of engineering defense measures are necessary for government and social publics. 相似文献
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《大气和海洋科学快报》2013,(1):67
正AIMS AND SCOPE Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters (AOSL) publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome.SUBMISSIONAll submitted 相似文献
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<正>With the support of specialized funds for national science institutions,the Guangzhou Institute of Tropical and Marine Meteorology,China Meteorological Administration set up in October 2008 an experiment base for marine meteorology and a number of observation systems for the coastal boundary layer,air-sea flux,marine environmental elements,and basic meteorological elements at Bohe town,Maoming city,Guangdong province,in the northern part of the South China Sea. 相似文献
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《大气和海洋科学快报》2014,7(6):F0003-F0003
AIMS AND SCOPE
Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
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《大气和海洋科学快报》2014,(5):F0003-F0003
AIMS AND SCOPE Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） pub- lishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmos- phere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
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《大气和海洋科学快报》2012,(3):273
正AIMS AND SCOPE Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters (AOSL) publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences 相似文献