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1.
华北夏季降水的年代际变化   总被引:5,自引:1,他引:4       下载免费PDF全文
利用我国740个测站逐日降水资料和NCEP/NCAR逐日再分析资料,使用合成分析等方法,对华北夏季降水的年代际变化特征进行分析。结果表明:华北夏季降水的年代际变化与华北夏季雨带的年代际变化密不可分。在华北夏季降水偏多阶段,华北地区雨带降水量较大,华北雨带能够向西延伸,雨带位置大多数时间能够越过115°E,并且能够接近华北西部边界110°E,位置偏西;而在华北夏季降水偏少阶段,华北雨带降水量偏小,雨带虽然也能够越过115°E,但维持时间不长,且向西延伸并不明显,雨带位置很难接近华北西部边界110°E,位置偏东。华北雨带发生的年代际变化和东亚地区大气环流以及东亚夏季风的年代际变化有关。  相似文献   

2.
辽宁春播期第一场透雨的气候特征及其变化规律   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
利用1961-2007年4—5月辽宁14个站逐日降水资料,分析了春播期第一场透雨出现日期和透雨量的季节分布特征和年际年代际变化特征及透雨出现日期和透雨量与播种期降水量的关系。结果表明:自1961年以来,辽宁春播期透雨出现时间总体呈偏晚趋势,透雨量呈偏多趋势,但趋势均不显著;春播期透雨出现时间具有明显的年代际变化特点;透雨出现时间与透雨量呈不显著的正相关,与播种期降水量呈显著的负相关,即春播期透雨出现时间偏晚(早)的年份,透雨量偏大(小),播种期降水量偏少(多)。  相似文献   

3.
利用1958—2014年夏季NCEP/NCAR大气环流资料和中国486站降水观测资料,通过多种统计诊断方法,从与夏季中国东部3类不同雨型分布相联系的东亚高低层风场变化特征出发,依据与雨带变化密切联系的高层200 hPa纬向风定义了一个新的东亚副热带夏季风指数。分析表明,该指数不仅能反映夏季东亚大气环流的变化特征,兼顾北方冷空气活动和南方东亚夏季风环流变化,同时还能反映夏季中国东部降水南北差异的年际特征。强东亚副热带夏季风指数年,高层中纬度西风急流位置偏北,低层西太平洋副热带高压偏强偏北,有利于冷空气活动位置偏北和东亚东部西南暖湿气流向北推进,中国东部多以Ⅰ类雨型为主;弱东亚副热带夏季风指数年的环流变化刚好相反,中国东部多以Ⅲ类雨型为主。与现有东亚夏季风指数的对比分析表明,该指数在反映中国东部南北区域降水变化的差异方面有很大改进。  相似文献   

4.
刘柏鑫  李栋梁 《气象》2018,44(3):382-395
利用1980—2015年全国549个气象台站日平均总云量、逐日降水资料以及NCEP/DOE-2月平均和逐日再分析资料,分析了我国云量的分布和时空变化特征及其与副热带夏季风北边缘带的关系,两者随时间的进退过程和位置的年代际变化特征。研究表明:我国春季云量西北大于东北,夏季云量东北大于西北;云量的逐月变化主要表现为大值区范围的增减和纬向移动,夏季风推进初期季风区云量稳定,中后期年际波动较大;云量变化可分为:全区一致型、南北反相型和南北少(多)中间多(少)三种模态;云量大值区的逐候经向移动与副热带夏季风的进退在时间和空间上存在一致性,7—8月平均50%和65%云量线分别对应副热带夏季风北边缘带的北界和南界,且两者具有同步的进退过程和位置的年代际变化特征;20世纪80—90年代,边缘带气候趋于干旱,21世纪初以后边缘带气候趋于湿润。  相似文献   

5.
利用1961-2007年4-5月辽宁14个站的逐日降水资料,分析了春播期第一场透雨出现日期和透雨量的季节分布特征和年际年代际变化特征及透雨出现日期和透雨量与播种期降水量的关系。结果表明:自1961年以来辽宁春播期透雨出现时间总体呈现偏晚趋势,透雨量呈偏多趋势,但趋势均不显著;春播期透雨出现时间具有明显的年代际变化特点;透雨出现时间与透雨量呈不显著的正相关,与播种期降水量呈显著的负相关,即春播期透雨出现时间偏晚(早)的年份,透雨量偏大(小),播种期降水量偏少(多)。  相似文献   

6.
利用1951—2013年全国160个测站逐月降水资料、NCEP/NCAR月平均再分析资料和NOAA全球月平均海表温度等资料,分析了中国东部地区夏季降水的年代际转型及相关大气环流变化。研究结果表明,1970s中后期和1990s PDO两次位相转换给中国东部地区夏季降水带来显著的年代际变化,前者使得东亚夏季风进一步减弱,夏季雨带南退至长江中下游地区,后者使得东亚夏季风恢复增强,雨带北移至淮河流域。进一步研究发现,1990s PDO年代际突变导致东亚夏季大气环流场发生显著变化,贝加尔湖地区增暖导致向北的经向温度梯度增大以及副热带高压的东退北抬是导致1990s东部地区夏季降水年代际变化的可能原因。  相似文献   

7.
2006年东亚夏季风活动特征与我国东部雨带分布   总被引:4,自引:1,他引:3  
利用1979—2006年NCEP/NCAR大气月平均资料、OLR对流和CMAP降水日平均资料,从季节平均、月平均、季节内振荡不同时间尺度分析了2006年东亚夏季风活动特征及其与雨带分布之间的联系。结果表明,2006年东亚夏季风爆发时间正常,而夏季风推进过程存在异常:前沿在华南地区和华北地区维持时间偏长、在长江流域维持时间偏短,夏季风极端北界偏北,这种推进异常与南海夏季风强度偏强有关。南海夏季风强度偏强及推进过程异常导致东亚夏季(6—8月)降水为Ⅰ类雨带分布,即长江流域降水偏少,华南、黄淮流域-朝鲜半岛-日本中南部降水偏多。从月时间尺度看,2006夏季各月都具有南海地区夏季风强度偏强、前沿位置偏北和偏东的异常趋势;西太平洋副热带高压6月偏西偏南,7、8月偏北,在这种异常形势下,长江流域6、7、8各月降水都偏少,华南地区各月以偏多为主,黄淮流域7、8月降水偏多。从季节内振荡看,2006年大气季节内振荡(ISO)纬向传播与气候平均相比具有特殊性,长江流域纬度带西传波和静止波偏弱,华南地区纬度带东传波和静止波偏强,ISO这种异常与夏季长江流域降水偏少、华南降水偏多有关。  相似文献   

8.
近40年东亚夏季风及我国夏季大尺度天气气候异常   总被引:75,自引:21,他引:75  
施能  朱乾根  吴彬贵 《大气科学》1996,20(5):575-583
定义了一个反映东亚夏季大尺度季风强度的指数,计算了夏季逐月及季的东亚季风指数(1873~1989年)。用近40年资料研究了东亚夏季风与我国夏季大尺度天气的关系。指出,强夏季风时,我国夏季大范围高温。东亚夏季风与我国夏季降水的关系则表现在夏季雨带的南北位置上。强夏季风时,雨带偏北。夏季雨带位置偏南均与弱季风有关。长江中下游夏季的涝年与弱季风有关,而强夏季风时,长江中下游经常是旱年。最后,研究了强、弱夏季风年时的北半球500 hPa环流异常特征,结果表明,东亚夏季风强度是造成我国夏季气温、降水异常的主要原因。  相似文献   

9.
东亚夏季风边缘带的气候特征   总被引:19,自引:7,他引:19  
汤绪  钱维宏  梁萍 《高原气象》2006,25(3):375-381
利用近30年的NCEP再分析格点资料及中国站点降水资料,从降水、湿度、风场、水汽输送等角度研究了东亚夏季风边缘带的气候特征及其与华北、西北降水的关系。结果表明,降水场、比湿场、风场、水汽输送场所描述的东亚夏季风边缘带位置基本一致,大致沿西南—东北走向自西向东经过黄河上游—河套—华北北部—东北。夏季风边缘带附近的夏季降水年际变化较大,且夏季降水量与季风强度呈正相关。当夏季风影响到西北、华北北部时,西北、华北夏季降水偏多;反之则偏少。  相似文献   

10.
黄荣辉  孙凤英 《大气科学》1994,18(4):456-465
本文通过1978—1989年热带西太平洋暖池上空的OLR资料、500 hPa高度场和降水的逐旬资料分析了热带西太平洋暖池上空对流活动对东亚夏季风季节内变化的影响。分析结果表明:在菲律宾周围对流活动强的夏季,西太平洋副热带高压在初夏向北突跳明显,即6月突跳明显,并且往往有两次向北突跳,这使得东亚夏季风降水雨带向北突跳明显,因此,雨带不可能在江淮流域维持;相反,在菲律宾周围对流活动弱的夏季,西太平洋副热带高压在初夏向北突跳不明显,即6月突跳不明显,它长期在江南上空维持,这样,东亚夏季风降水雨带往往在长江中、下  相似文献   

11.
The correlation analysis has been used to study the relationship between spring soil moisture over China and East Asian summer monsoon (EASM). It is shown that EASM has a strong positive correlation with spring soil moisture over southwest China and the Great Bend region of the Yellow River. A standard soil moisture index (SMI) has been defined using the observed soil moisture of the two regions. The results show that SMI has a strong correlation with EASM. The years of strong (weak) SMI are associated with stronger (weaker) summer monsoon circulation. In the years of strong SMI, the west Pacific subtropical high is much northward in position and weaker in intensity; the westerlies zone is also more to the north. All of these make EASM circulation move northward and cause the rainfall belt to relocate to North China and Northeast China. SMI can reflect the variation of the summer rainfall anomaly over eastern China. In the years of strong SMI, the rainfall belt is mainly located over the northem part of China.However, during the weak years, the summer rainfall belt is largely located over the mid- and lower- reaches of the Yangtze River. Additionally, the SMI has obvious oscillations of quasi 4-6 years and quasi 2 years. Moreover, negative SMI predicts EASM better than positive SMI.  相似文献   

12.
The characteristics of moisture transport over the Asian summer monsoon region and its relationship with summer precipitation in China are examined by a variety of statistical methods using the NCEP/NC AR reanalysis data for 1948-2005.The results show that:1) The zonal-mean moisture transport in the Asian monsoon region is unique because of monsoon activities.The Asian summer monsoon region is a dominant moisture sink during summer.Both the Indian and East Asian monsoon areas have their convergence cente...  相似文献   

13.
1. Introduction As an important way to study the global climate change, because of its low resolution, GCM (general circulation model) shows obvious deficiency and uncer- tainty in capturing some regional features when used in the regional climate study, and the uncertainty is even serious in regional climate simulation over East Asia (Ding et al., 2000; Zhao and Luo, 1998; Qian et al., 1999). The high-resolution regional climate model (RegCM) developed in the 1980s can provide better simu…  相似文献   

14.
区域气候模式侧边界的处理对东亚夏季风降水模拟的影响   总被引:27,自引:3,他引:24  
在区域气候模式模拟中,侧边界的作用是引入大尺度强迫场。如何处理好侧边界,即大尺度强迫场和区域气候模式本身之间的关系问题,对于区域气候模式模拟和预报东亚夏季风降水具有重要意义。本文利用美国纽约州立大学Albany分校的区域气候模式(SUNYA-ReCM),设计了两种不同的侧边界处理方法,来探讨侧边界对东亚夏季风降水模拟的影响。驱动区域模式的大尺度强迫场来自欧洲中期天气预报中心(ECMWF)及热带海洋大气研究计划(TOGA)的分析资料场。试验结果表明:(1)当模式的区域较大时,采用较小的侧边界缓冲区会在缓冲区与模式内部的交界处产生不连续;扩大缓冲区并且考虑不同尺度强迫在垂直方向上的不同作用,可以避免这一缺陷。(2)更重要的是采用后一种方案,即减少了区域气候模式在模拟大尺度环流场方面所起的作用,使得模式更多地依赖侧边界来得到更真实的、对东亚夏季风降水起重大影响的一些气流,如副高、西南季风和南海季风,对东亚夏季风降水无论是在大小上还是在雨带位置的演变上都能进行更好的模拟。  相似文献   

15.
By using the ECMWF reanalysis daily data and daily precipitation data of 80 stations in Northeast China from 1961 to 2002, the impacts of moisture transport of East Asian summer monsoon on the summer precipitation anomaly in Northeast China, and the relationship between the variation of moisture budget and the establishment of East Asian summer monsoon in this region are studied. The results demonstrate that the moisture of summer precipitation in Northeast China mainly originates from subtropical, South China Sea, and South Asia monsoon areas. East China and its near coastal area are the convergent region of the monsoonal moisture currents and the transfer station for the currents continually moving northward. The monsoonal moisture transport, as an important link or bridge, connects the interaction between middle and low latitude systems. In summer half year, there is a moisture sink in Northeast China where the moisture influx is greater than outflux. The advance transport and accumulation of moisture are of special importance to pentad time scale summer precipitation. The onset, retreat, and intensity change of the monsoonal rainy season over Northeast China are mainly signified by the moisture input condition along the southern border of this area. The establishment of East Asian summer monsoon in this area ranges from about 10 July to 20 August and the onset in the west is earlier than that in the east. The latitude that the monsoon can reach is gradually northward from west to east, reaching 50°N within longitude 120°-135°E. In summer, the difference of air mass transport between summers with high and low rainfall mainly lies in whether more air masses originating from lower latitudes move northward through East China and its coastal areas, consequently transporting large amounts of hot and humid air into Northeast China.  相似文献   

16.
I.INTRODUCTIONEastAsiaissituatedintheeasternpartoftheEurasiancontinentwherethehugeTibetanPlateauexists.Facingeastandsoutheast...  相似文献   

17.
2008年梅雨异常大尺度环流成因分析   总被引:5,自引:1,他引:4       下载免费PDF全文
牛若芸  金荣花 《高原气象》2009,28(6):1326-1334
利用NCEP再分析资料对2008年江淮梅雨异常特征及其大尺度环流成因进行了分析研究。结果表明: (1)2008年入(出)梅显著偏早、 梅雨期长度略偏短, 梅雨分布呈南涝北旱、 东多西少, 梅雨量偏少、 强度偏弱。(2)该年入梅显著偏早是东亚大气环流由冬季型向夏季型转换提前所致, 副热带高空西风急流北跳、 500 hPa西风带环流调整、 西太平洋副热带高压季节性北跳、 夏季风北涌至江淮流域的时间均早于常年。(3)该年出梅显著偏早的主导因素是冷空气活动。(4)南涝北旱梅雨型是受南亚高压东段脊线位置接近常年、 副热带高压脊线处于适宜梅雨发生纬度带的南段、 低空西南急流和水汽输送带北缘位置以及高空强辐散和中低空强辐合区位置偏南的影响。(5)东多西少梅雨型是冷空气路径偏西所致。(6)梅雨期夏季风北涌至江淮流域活动次数偏少是梅雨量偏少的重要因素。  相似文献   

18.
1983年梅雨期前后亚洲季风区热源分布及其演变特征   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1  
邹力  乔全明 《高原气象》1992,11(2):186-191
  相似文献   

19.
The 1999 East Asian summer monsoon was very unusual for its weak northward advance and remarkably anomalous climate conditions. The monsoonal southwesterly airflow and related rain belt in East Asia were blocked south of the Yangtze River Valley. The monsoonal airflow and major moisture transport conduct shifted eastward and turned northward to Japan from the tropical western Pacific rather than to East China from the South China Sea (SCS) as in normal years. Severe and prolonged drought occurred over extensive areas of North China and heavy precipitation in South China and Japan. The investigation on the possible intrinsic mechanisms related to such an anomalous monsoon year has shown that the unique behavior of intraseasonal oscillation may play an essential role during this process. During this year, the northward propagation of 30-60-day anomalous low-level cyclone/anticyclone collapsed in the region around 20°N and did not extend beyond the latitudes of the Yangtze River basin due to the barrier of strong cold air intrusion from the mid-latitudes. The southwesterly moisture flux on the northwestern flank of the anticyclonic moisture transport system in the western North Pacific, which was regulated by the northward shift of 30-60-day cyclonic/anticyclonic moisture transport, also did not reach the region north of 30°N as well. Under this circumstance, the weak northward advance of the monsoon westerlies and associated northward moisture transport could not arrive in North China and led to the severe droughts there in 1999. The SCS and South China were mostly affected by the airflow in the southern and northern flanks of the same 30-60-day cyclones or anticyclones, respectively, and thus controlled by the nearly reverse zonal wind and moisture convergent/divergent conditions. The rainfall in the SCS and South China showed out-of-phase oscillation through the transient local Hadley circulation, with the rainfall maximum occurring in the SCS (South China) when the 30-60-day anticyclone (cyclone) r  相似文献   

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