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1.
2013年11月大气环流主要特征是：北半球极涡呈单极型分布,主体位于北极圈内,强度较常年同期偏强;欧亚中高纬环流经向度较小;南支槽平均位置大致位于80°E附近,同时,副热带高压较常年同期偏强,位置偏西、偏北。11月,全国平均降水量为22.5 mm,较常年同期（18.8 mm）偏多19.7%。全国平均气温为3.6℃,较常年同期（2.9℃）偏高0.7℃。月内,我国出现3次冷空气过程和6次较强降水过程。东北地区出现了两次强降雪过程,部分地区出现暴雪到大暴雪;台风海燕给华南地区带来较大风雨影响;北方冬麦区及江南大部出现明显降水,干旱缓解;由于冷空气势力弱,中东部地区雾霾天气频发,全国平均雾霾日数为4.3天,为1961年以来历史同期最多。 相似文献
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2015年3月大气环流和天气分析 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
2015年3月大气环流主要特征是:北半球极涡呈偶极型分布,位置较常年同期明显偏南,欧亚中高纬环流经向度较小,南支槽平均位置位于70°E附近;同时,西太平洋副热带高压较常年同期明显偏强、位置偏西.3月,全国平均降水量为21.8mm,较常年同期(29.5mm)偏少26.1％.全国平均气温为5.8℃,较常年同期(4.1℃)偏高1.7℃.月内,我国出现5次主要的冷空气过程和5次主要的降水过程.江南等地多阴雨天气,我国东部出现3次轻到中度雾-霾天气,北方出现5次沙尘天气过程. 相似文献
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2015年2月大气环流的主要特征是极涡偏强且呈单极型分布,中、高纬度环流呈4波型,西太平洋副热带高压偏弱,南支槽位置与常年相近。2月全国平均气温-0.2℃,较常年同期偏高1.5℃;全国平均降水量16.3 mm,比常年同期（17.4 mm）偏少6.3%。月内我国有两次强冷空气过程;东北出现了一次较强降雪过程。下半月开始,南方雨雪过程较多且范围较大。中东部出现了2次大范围的雾或霾天气过程,并出现了1次沙尘天气。 相似文献
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2014年12月大气环流特征如下：北半球极涡异常偏强,欧亚中高纬环流呈两槽一脊型,东亚大槽偏强,冷空气活跃;南支槽位于70°E附近,较常年同期明显偏西,不利于水汽向我国中东部地区输送;副热带高压较常年同期偏强,位置偏西、偏北。12月,全国平均降水量为7.9 mm,比常年同期(10.5 mm)偏少24.8%,其中华北、黄淮、江淮、江汉等地偏少8成以上。全国平均气温为-3.4℃,较常年同期(-3.2℃)偏低0.2℃;月内气温变化显著,呈“前冷后暖”的特点,上、中旬的气温较常年同期偏低1.0℃,下旬转为偏高1.1℃。月内,我国出现了5次明显的冷空气过程和4次雾霾过程以及1次大范围的降水过程。北方多地出现极端日降温事件,东北局地遭受雪灾;下旬中东部地区出现大范围、持续性的雾霾天气。 相似文献
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2007年11月,全国平均降水量为10.1mm,较常年同期(18.2mm)偏少8.1mm,为1989年以来历史同期最少值.山东11月区域平均降水量为1951年以来历史同期最少值,贵州、陕西为次少值.全国平均气温为3.1℃,较常年同期(2.1℃)偏高1.0℃.东北南部、华北中南部、黄淮、江汉、四川盆地等地出现大雾天气;东北地区出现入冬以来第一场明显降雪天气;云南德钦普降暴雪,遭受严重雪灾;江南、华南等地干旱持续发展. 1 天气概况 相似文献
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2019年2月大气环流的主要特征是北半球极涡较常年同期偏强,中心偏向东半球,位置偏北;欧亚中高纬环流呈4波型,环流经向度总体较小。西太平洋副热带高压偏强;南支槽较常年偏弱、偏西。2月,我国冷空气活动较弱,仅出现一次大范围强冷空气和一次中等强度冷空气过程;全国平均气温为-1.3℃,较常年同期偏高0.4℃;东北地区北部气温异常偏高。月内,全国平均降水量为23.2 mm,较常年同期偏多33.3%;南方出现持续阴雨天气,青藏高原降雪明显偏多,青海东南部出现雪灾。另外,下旬我国中东部地区出现持续雾 霾天气。 相似文献
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2015年11月大气环流和天气分析 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
2015年11月环流特征如下：北半球极涡呈单极型分布,中高纬西风呈3波型分布,南支槽平均位置大致位于90°E附近,同时,西太平洋副热带高压较常年同期偏西、强度偏强。11月全国平均降水量39.4 mm,较常年同期偏多1.1倍;全国平均气温为4.1℃,较常年同期偏高1.2℃,但华北、东北等地气温偏低。月内共出现2次冷空气过程和4次主要降水过程,江南、华南等地部分地区雨量偏多2~3倍,多站出现极端日降水量;月内还有3次重污染天气过程。 相似文献
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2007年11月,全国平均气温为3.1℃,较常年同期(2.1℃)偏高1.0℃.全国平均降水量为10.1mm,较常年同期(18.2mm)偏少8.1mm,为1989年以来历史同期最少值.山东11月区域平均降水量为1951年以来历史同期最少值,贵州、陕西为次少值.月内,江南、华南等地干旱持续发展;东北南部、华北中南部、黄淮、江汉、四川盆地等地出现大雾天气;东北地区出现入冬以来第一场明显降雪天气;云南德钦普降暴雪,遭受严重雪灾. 相似文献
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2013年12月大气环流和天气分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
2013年12月大气环流主要特征是：极涡呈偶极性分布,中心气压均较常年平均偏低,欧亚中高纬环流呈两槽一脊型;南支槽较活跃,平均位置大致位于90°E附近,副热带高压较常年同期偏强,位置偏西、偏北。12月,全国平均降水量为15.4 mm,较常年同期（10.5 mm）偏多46.7%;但地区差异较大,南方较常年同期偏多2~4成,淮河以北偏少,其中华北、黄淮等地几乎无降水。全国平均气温为-2.8℃,较常年同期（-3.2℃）偏高0.4℃;就区域来看,呈现“北暖南冷”的特征。月内,我国出现3次主要的冷空气过程和1次主要的降水过程。南方地区中旬出现一次大范围强降水和持续低温天气;中东部地区分别于上旬和下旬各出现一次雾霾天气。 相似文献
11.
Observed daily precipitation data from the National Meteorological Observatory in Hainan province and daily data from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP/NCAR) reanalysis-2 dataset from 1981 to 2014 are used to analyze the relationship between Hainan extreme heavy rainfall processes in autumn (referred to as EHRPs) and 10–30 d low-frequency circulation. Based on the key low-frequency signals and the NCEP Climate Forecast System Version 2 (CFSv2) model forecasting products, a dynamical-statistical method is established for the extended-range forecast of EHRPs. The results suggest that EHRPs have a close relationship with the 10–30 d low-frequency oscillation of 850 hPa zonal wind over Hainan Island and to its north, and that they basically occur during the trough phase of the low-frequency oscillation of zonal wind. The latitudinal propagation of the low-frequency wave train in the middle-high latitudes and the meridional propagation of the low-frequency wave train along the coast of East Asia contribute to the ‘north high (cold), south low (warm)’ pattern near Hainan Island, which results in the zonal wind over Hainan Island and to its north reaching its trough, consequently leading to EHRPs. Considering the link between low-frequency circulation and EHRPs, a low-frequency wave train index (LWTI) is defined and adopted to forecast EHRPs by using NCEP CFSv2 forecasting products. EHRPs are predicted to occur during peak phases of LWTI with value larger than 1 for three or more consecutive forecast days. Hindcast experiments for EHRPs in 2015–2016 indicate that EHRPs can be predicted 8–24 d in advance, with an average period of validity of 16.7 d. 相似文献
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Based on the measurements obtained at 64 national meteorological stations in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei (BTH) region between 1970 and 2013, the potential evapotranspiration (ET0) in this region was estimated using the Penman–Monteith equation and its sensitivity to maximum temperature (Tmax), minimum temperature (Tmin), wind speed (Vw), net radiation (Rn) and water vapor pressure (Pwv) was analyzed, respectively. The results are shown as follows. (1) The climatic elements in the BTH region underwent significant changes in the study period. Vw and Rn decreased significantly, whereas Tmin, Tmax and Pwv increased considerably. (2) In the BTH region, ET0 also exhibited a significant decreasing trend, and the sensitivity of ET0 to the climatic elements exhibited seasonal characteristics. Of all the climatic elements, ET0 was most sensitive to Pwv in the fall and winter and Rn in the spring and summer. On the annual scale, ET0 was most sensitive to Pwv, followed by Rn, Vw, Tmax and Tmin. In addition, the sensitivity coefficient of ET0 with respect to Pwv had a negative value for all the areas, indicating that increases in Pwv can prevent ET0 from increasing. (3) The sensitivity of ET0 to Tmin and Tmax was significantly lower than its sensitivity to other climatic elements. However, increases in temperature can lead to changes in Pwv and Rn. The temperature should be considered the key intrinsic climatic element that has caused the "evaporation paradox" phenomenon in the BTH region. 相似文献
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Storms that occur at the Bay of Bengal (BoB) are of a bimodal pattern, which is different from that of the other sea areas. By using the NCEP, SST and JTWC data, the causes of the bimodal pattern storm activity of the BoB are diagnosed and analyzed in this paper. The result shows that the seasonal variation of general atmosphere circulation in East Asia has a regulating and controlling impact on the BoB storm activity, and the “bimodal period” of the storm activity corresponds exactly to the seasonal conversion period of atmospheric circulation. The minor wind speed of shear spring and autumn contributed to the storm, which was a crucial factor for the generation and occurrence of the “bimodal pattern” storm activity in the BoB. The analysis on sea surface temperature (SST) shows that the SSTs of all the year around in the BoB area meet the conditions required for the generation of tropical cyclones (TCs). However, the SSTs in the central area of the bay are higher than that of the surrounding areas in spring and autumn, which facilitates the occurrence of a “two-peak” storm activity pattern. The genesis potential index (GPI) quantifies and reflects the environmental conditions for the generation of the BoB storms. For GPI, the intense low-level vortex disturbance in the troposphere and high-humidity atmosphere are the sufficient conditions for storms, while large maximum wind velocity of the ground vortex radius and small vertical wind shear are the necessary conditions of storms. 相似文献
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The spatial and temporal variations of daily maximum temperature(Tmax), daily minimum temperature(Tmin), daily maximum precipitation(Pmax) and daily maximum wind speed(WSmax) were examined in China using Mann-Kendall test and linear regression method. The results indicated that for China as a whole, Tmax, Tmin and Pmax had significant increasing trends at rates of 0.15℃ per decade, 0.45℃ per decade and 0.58 mm per decade,respectively, while WSmax had decreased significantly at 1.18 m·s~(-1) per decade during 1959—2014. In all regions of China, Tmin increased and WSmax decreased significantly. Spatially, Tmax increased significantly at most of the stations in South China(SC), northwestern North China(NC), northeastern Northeast China(NEC), eastern Northwest China(NWC) and eastern Southwest China(SWC), and the increasing trends were significant in NC, SC, NWC and SWC on the regional average. Tmin increased significantly at most of the stations in China, with notable increase in NEC, northern and southeastern NC and northwestern and eastern NWC. Pmax showed no significant trend at most of the stations in China, and on the regional average it decreased significantly in NC but increased in SC, NWC and the mid-lower Yangtze River valley(YR). WSmax decreased significantly at the vast majority of stations in China, with remarkable decrease in northern NC, northern and central YR, central and southern SC and in parts of central NEC and western NWC. With global climate change and rapidly economic development, China has become more vulnerable to climatic extremes and meteorological disasters, so more strategies of mitigation and/or adaptation of climatic extremes,such as environmentally-friendly and low-cost energy production systems and the enhancement of engineering defense measures are necessary for government and social publics. 相似文献
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《大气和海洋科学快报》2013,(1):67
正AIMS AND SCOPE Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters (AOSL) publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome.SUBMISSIONAll submitted 相似文献
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<正>With the support of specialized funds for national science institutions,the Guangzhou Institute of Tropical and Marine Meteorology,China Meteorological Administration set up in October 2008 an experiment base for marine meteorology and a number of observation systems for the coastal boundary layer,air-sea flux,marine environmental elements,and basic meteorological elements at Bohe town,Maoming city,Guangdong province,in the northern part of the South China Sea. 相似文献
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《大气和海洋科学快报》2014,7(6):F0003-F0003
AIMS AND SCOPE
Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
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《大气和海洋科学快报》2014,(5):F0003-F0003
AIMS AND SCOPE Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） pub- lishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmos- phere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
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《大气和海洋科学快报》2012,(3):273
正AIMS AND SCOPE Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters (AOSL) publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences 相似文献