共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 50 毫秒
1.
MODIS遥感中国近海气溶胶光学厚度的检验分析 总被引：16，自引：0，他引：16
基于中分辨率成像光谱仪(TERRA/MODIS)的一级数据和相应的辅助数据,利用MODIS/ARIS预处理软件包(IMAPP)中的气溶胶软件反演得到中国近海气溶胶的光学厚度,与AERONET太阳光度计的反演结果作对比分析,验证了此反演方法的可行性.研究了2002年10-11月中国近海气溶胶光学厚度和Angstrom指数(表征粒子谱宽度)的变化特征,进一步结合气块后向轨迹分析和地理环境背景场信息讨论了卫星反演气溶胶光学参量的适用范围和误差来源,结果表明:IMAPP反演得到的气溶胶光学厚度,在东海和日本以南等广阔海域与气溶胶地基观测网(AERONET)的观测结果基本一致;在渤海和黄海近海岸一带反演值偏高,其主要原因是该海域存在二类水体的影响. 相似文献
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光学遥感大气气溶胶特性 总被引：10，自引：3，他引：10
本文提出一种光学遥感大气气溶胶特性的新方法。由多波段望远光度计观测的太阳直接辐射和太阳所在地平纬圈天空亮度的相对分布值,同时反演出气溶胶散射相函数,整层大气的光学厚度随波长的变化,进而用“库”方法反演出气溶胶粒子的尺度谱和折射率的实部和虚部。对比平行观测的结果表明,光学遥感方法所得的结果是可信的。本文同时也讨论了北京地区大气气溶胶的光学参数在不同季节的变化。 相似文献
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该文提出了一种简单快速反演气溶胶光学厚度的方法,该算法对地表反照率的处理与MODIS V5.2算法相同,但气溶胶谱分布假定为Junge谱,设置了新的气溶胶参数。应用2006年9月6日—2008年6月10日太湖MODIS观测资料和2008年5月20日—2009年7月6日香河MODIS观测资料进行反演,并将反演结果与AERONET (AErosol RObotic NETwork) 站点资料进行对比,以检验算法的适用性和精度。对比结果显示:该算法在太湖的反演结果与AERONET太湖站反演结果对比的标准偏差为0.429,而MODIS卫星AOD产品与AERONET太湖站反演结果对比的标准偏差为0.693;相应在香河的两种反演结果与地面观测对比的标准偏差分别为0.493和0.542。该算法的反演误差小于MODIS现行算法,反演结果合理,具有较好的适用性,说明这种方法在这两个区域具有更高的反演精度。 相似文献
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北京晴天紫外波段气溶胶光学厚度反演与分析 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4
利用太阳一大气紫外光谱辐射计(SAUVS)，测量到达北京地表的太阳直接和散射紫外光谱辐射，给出反演大气气溶胶光学厚度的一种方法。结果表明：在紫外波段，大气气溶胶的光学厚度随波长的增加而单调减小，用指数函数可以很好地拟合反演结果。统计得到了3个水平能见度状况下拟合函数的系数值，与全球气溶胶监测网络(AERONET)北京站的资料对比，表明反演结果基本合理。 相似文献
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由大气顶射出太阳辐射的形式解出发,结合球形粒子的米散射理论,由反射太阳光谱推导获得了反演整层大气气溶胶粒子体积谱分布的权重函数。在权重函数特征分析的基础上,根据一个简单的线性反演算法,利用大气辐射传输计算模拟的大气顶反射太阳光谱,反演获得了不同气溶胶浓度和复折射率条件下的气溶胶粒子体积谱。结果表明,初步建立了一套自洽的大气气溶胶体积谱分布的反演方法。通过米散射计算获得的反演参数考虑了波长对粒子半径的权重特征,使气溶胶体积谱的反演具有了明确的物理依据;同目前常用的查算表方法相比,简化了反演方案中参数化的复杂程度。 相似文献
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近年来对大气气溶胶的观测受到越来越多的重视。很多国家都利用对太阳光谱的观测来推算大气气溶胶,并且对计算气溶胶谱分布的反演方法也进行了很多理论上的分析。这里,我们介绍一种计算谱分布的简便方法及某些观测结果。一、方法从太阳直接辐射的测量可以算出大气总的光学厚度,在扣除空气分子的影响后,便得到大气气溶胶的光学厚度式中。n(r)——气溶胶谱分布 r——粒子半径Q_(ex)(r,λ,m)——削弱的有效因子 m——气溶胶折射率如果测出不同波长的大气气溶胶光学厚度,即可由(1)式反演出气溶胶谱分布。为了使反演过程简单化,引入以下两项假定: 相似文献
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CE318太阳光度计基本结构与安装使用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
CE31 8自动跟踪太阳光度计是由法国CIMEL公司研制生产、用于气溶胶光学特性和大气质量监测的自动测量仪器 ,它不仅能自动跟踪太阳作太阳直射辐射测量 ,而且可以进行太阳等高度角天空扫描、太阳主平面扫描和极化通道天空扫描。CE31 8能自动存储测量数据 ,并可自动传输到计算机保存及发送。 CE31 8测得的直射太阳辐射数据可用来反演计算大气透过率、消光光学厚度、气溶胶光学厚度、大气水汽柱总量和臭氧总量。其天空扫描数据可以反演大气气溶胶粒子尺度谱分布及气溶胶相函数。 CE31 8可用于卫星遥感产品检验和气溶胶气候研究 ,在大气光… 相似文献
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采用太湖地区水面光谱数据以及MODIS遥感影像数据,利用辐射传输模式6S,选择自定义气溶胶类型,反演得到太湖地区气溶胶光学厚度(aerosol optical depth,AOD)分布,将其与太阳光度计CE318实测气溶胶光学厚度分别应用于太湖区域的大气校正中,得到不同的水面反射率,并参考实测水面反射率进行对比分析。结果表明:反演的太湖地区气溶胶光学厚度分布较为合理,造成此分布的原因可能是太湖北岸工业较发达,污染较严重。太湖颗粒物的吸收特性和卫星接收到的表观反射率导致反演数据的差异,是反演气溶胶光学厚度分布不均匀的主要原因。使用MODIS数据反演得到的太湖地区AOD进行大气校正,更加精确。该研究方法和结果可为气溶胶光学厚度反演、精确卫星数据大气校正提供参考。 相似文献
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The spatial and temporal variations of daily maximum temperature(Tmax), daily minimum temperature(Tmin), daily maximum precipitation(Pmax) and daily maximum wind speed(WSmax) were examined in China using Mann-Kendall test and linear regression method. The results indicated that for China as a whole, Tmax, Tmin and Pmax had significant increasing trends at rates of 0.15℃ per decade, 0.45℃ per decade and 0.58 mm per decade,respectively, while WSmax had decreased significantly at 1.18 m·s~(-1) per decade during 1959—2014. In all regions of China, Tmin increased and WSmax decreased significantly. Spatially, Tmax increased significantly at most of the stations in South China(SC), northwestern North China(NC), northeastern Northeast China(NEC), eastern Northwest China(NWC) and eastern Southwest China(SWC), and the increasing trends were significant in NC, SC, NWC and SWC on the regional average. Tmin increased significantly at most of the stations in China, with notable increase in NEC, northern and southeastern NC and northwestern and eastern NWC. Pmax showed no significant trend at most of the stations in China, and on the regional average it decreased significantly in NC but increased in SC, NWC and the mid-lower Yangtze River valley(YR). WSmax decreased significantly at the vast majority of stations in China, with remarkable decrease in northern NC, northern and central YR, central and southern SC and in parts of central NEC and western NWC. With global climate change and rapidly economic development, China has become more vulnerable to climatic extremes and meteorological disasters, so more strategies of mitigation and/or adaptation of climatic extremes,such as environmentally-friendly and low-cost energy production systems and the enhancement of engineering defense measures are necessary for government and social publics. 相似文献
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Observed daily precipitation data from the National Meteorological Observatory in Hainan province and daily data from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP/NCAR) reanalysis-2 dataset from 1981 to 2014 are used to analyze the relationship between Hainan extreme heavy rainfall processes in autumn (referred to as EHRPs) and 10–30 d low-frequency circulation. Based on the key low-frequency signals and the NCEP Climate Forecast System Version 2 (CFSv2) model forecasting products, a dynamical-statistical method is established for the extended-range forecast of EHRPs. The results suggest that EHRPs have a close relationship with the 10–30 d low-frequency oscillation of 850 hPa zonal wind over Hainan Island and to its north, and that they basically occur during the trough phase of the low-frequency oscillation of zonal wind. The latitudinal propagation of the low-frequency wave train in the middle-high latitudes and the meridional propagation of the low-frequency wave train along the coast of East Asia contribute to the ‘north high (cold), south low (warm)’ pattern near Hainan Island, which results in the zonal wind over Hainan Island and to its north reaching its trough, consequently leading to EHRPs. Considering the link between low-frequency circulation and EHRPs, a low-frequency wave train index (LWTI) is defined and adopted to forecast EHRPs by using NCEP CFSv2 forecasting products. EHRPs are predicted to occur during peak phases of LWTI with value larger than 1 for three or more consecutive forecast days. Hindcast experiments for EHRPs in 2015–2016 indicate that EHRPs can be predicted 8–24 d in advance, with an average period of validity of 16.7 d. 相似文献
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Based on the measurements obtained at 64 national meteorological stations in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei (BTH) region between 1970 and 2013, the potential evapotranspiration (ET0) in this region was estimated using the Penman–Monteith equation and its sensitivity to maximum temperature (Tmax), minimum temperature (Tmin), wind speed (Vw), net radiation (Rn) and water vapor pressure (Pwv) was analyzed, respectively. The results are shown as follows. (1) The climatic elements in the BTH region underwent significant changes in the study period. Vw and Rn decreased significantly, whereas Tmin, Tmax and Pwv increased considerably. (2) In the BTH region, ET0 also exhibited a significant decreasing trend, and the sensitivity of ET0 to the climatic elements exhibited seasonal characteristics. Of all the climatic elements, ET0 was most sensitive to Pwv in the fall and winter and Rn in the spring and summer. On the annual scale, ET0 was most sensitive to Pwv, followed by Rn, Vw, Tmax and Tmin. In addition, the sensitivity coefficient of ET0 with respect to Pwv had a negative value for all the areas, indicating that increases in Pwv can prevent ET0 from increasing. (3) The sensitivity of ET0 to Tmin and Tmax was significantly lower than its sensitivity to other climatic elements. However, increases in temperature can lead to changes in Pwv and Rn. The temperature should be considered the key intrinsic climatic element that has caused the "evaporation paradox" phenomenon in the BTH region. 相似文献
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Storms that occur at the Bay of Bengal (BoB) are of a bimodal pattern, which is different from that of the other sea areas. By using the NCEP, SST and JTWC data, the causes of the bimodal pattern storm activity of the BoB are diagnosed and analyzed in this paper. The result shows that the seasonal variation of general atmosphere circulation in East Asia has a regulating and controlling impact on the BoB storm activity, and the “bimodal period” of the storm activity corresponds exactly to the seasonal conversion period of atmospheric circulation. The minor wind speed of shear spring and autumn contributed to the storm, which was a crucial factor for the generation and occurrence of the “bimodal pattern” storm activity in the BoB. The analysis on sea surface temperature (SST) shows that the SSTs of all the year around in the BoB area meet the conditions required for the generation of tropical cyclones (TCs). However, the SSTs in the central area of the bay are higher than that of the surrounding areas in spring and autumn, which facilitates the occurrence of a “two-peak” storm activity pattern. The genesis potential index (GPI) quantifies and reflects the environmental conditions for the generation of the BoB storms. For GPI, the intense low-level vortex disturbance in the troposphere and high-humidity atmosphere are the sufficient conditions for storms, while large maximum wind velocity of the ground vortex radius and small vertical wind shear are the necessary conditions of storms. 相似文献
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Yuepeng PAN Mengna GU Yuexin HE Dianming WU Chunyan LIU Linlin SONG Shili TIAN Xuemei Lü Yang SUN Tao SONG Wendell W. WALTERS Xuejun LIU Nicholas A. MARTIN Qianqian ZHANG Yunting FANG Valerio FERRACCI Yuesi WANG 《大气科学进展》2020,37(9):933-938
正While China’s Air Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan on particulate matter since 2013 has reduced sulfate significantly, aerosol ammonium nitrate remains high in East China. As the high nitrate abundances are strongly linked with ammonia, reducing ammonia emissions is becoming increasingly important to improve the air quality of China. Although satellite data provide evidence of substantial increases in atmospheric ammonia concentrations over major agricultural regions, long-term surface observation of ammonia concentrations are sparse. In addition, there is still no consensus on 相似文献
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《大气和海洋科学快报》2013,(1):67
正AIMS AND SCOPE Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters (AOSL) publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome.SUBMISSIONAll submitted 相似文献
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<正>With the support of specialized funds for national science institutions,the Guangzhou Institute of Tropical and Marine Meteorology,China Meteorological Administration set up in October 2008 an experiment base for marine meteorology and a number of observation systems for the coastal boundary layer,air-sea flux,marine environmental elements,and basic meteorological elements at Bohe town,Maoming city,Guangdong province,in the northern part of the South China Sea. 相似文献
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《大气和海洋科学快报》2014,7(6):F0003-F0003
AIMS AND SCOPE
Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
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《大气和海洋科学快报》2014,(5):F0003-F0003
AIMS AND SCOPE Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） pub- lishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmos- phere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献