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1.
利用逐小时风速观测资料以及台风年鉴资料,分析了2008~2014年登陆我国大陆地区的51次热带气旋（TC）的地面风场分布特征,包括TC登陆期间大陆地面风场演变和大风分布特征、海岛站和内陆站的风速差异以及海拔对风力造成的影响等。结果表明:6级及以上大风主要发生在距离TC中心300 km内、TC强度达到台风（TY）以上时,并主要位于TC移动方向的右侧,尤其是右前象限;华南区TC风场分布主要由在此区域登陆的TC（Ⅰ类）造成,较大风速区包括广东西南部沿海、雷州半岛附近和海南西部沿岸;华东区TC风场分布主要由在此区域登陆的TC（Ⅱ类）造成,杭州湾出海口以及浙闽沿海是较大风速区;6级及以上大风广泛分布在华南和华东沿海,6~7级地面大风高频站主要位于杭州湾附近,8级及以上地面大风高频站点在杭州湾和福建沿海分布比广东西南部更为密集;TC登陆前后均可能造成大风,大风出现时间与站点至TC中心的距离密切相关;同等强度TC在海岛站造成的风速比陆地站更大,对高海拔站点造成的风力大于低海拔站点。本文研究结论对于TC大陆地面风场的预报具有一定参考价值。 相似文献
2.
采用2000—2014年肇庆地区的降水和大风资料,以及登陆粤闽琼3地的热带气旋资料,统计分析对肇庆有影响的热带气旋,结果表明:1影响的台风共52个,年平均3.5个,最多7个,最少1个,大部年份3~5个,总体上呈微弱的上升趋势。2影响时间主要集中在7—9月,最早出现在6月23日,最晚为10月7日。3登陆时强度主要为强热带风暴级和台风级,共36个,占69.2%。4对肇庆有影响的热带气旋有3种情况:热带气旋在福建或粤东沿海附近登陆后向西北或偏西、偏西南方向移动,且强度在10级以上;热带气旋在珠江口附近或电白到珠江口之间沿海地区登陆;热带气旋在海南文昌或湛江登陆后向西北到偏北方向移动,且登陆时强度在8级以上。 相似文献
3.
登陆珠江三角洲的台风特征及灾害防御 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
登陆珠江三角洲的台风是指在珠江口范围内即惠东至台山之间的海岸段登陆的台风（包括台风、强热带风暴和热带风暴，不包括热带低压，下同）。在珠江口登陆的台风是珠江三角洲地区最大的气象灾害，每当台风登陆时都会给当地的国计民生带来一定的影响和损失。因此，对台风产生的灾害，必须引起高度重视和深刻认识，充分利用现有的科技成果，有计划地开展新技术的试验研究，提高抗御台风的能力，减少台风造成的损失。1历史上登陆珠江D的台风的活动情况珠江口是我省台风登陆较多的地区，登陆次数仅次于粤西而多于粤东地区。台风开始出现的时间… 相似文献
4.
1996～2006年韶关热带气旋暴雨统计分析 总被引：8，自引：6，他引：2
对1996～2006年11年来登陆华南沿海的热带气旋对韶关市造成的降水进行了统计分析,发现登陆华南沿海的热带气旋中有40%会造成韶关市大到暴雨以上降水,其中珠江口以东至福建登陆的热带气旋对韶关市的影响比珠江口以西登陆的大.韶关市的热带气旋暴雨主要分为3种类型:①热带气旋和西风槽及弱冷空气的共同作用;②热带气旋与西南季风的结合;③热带气旋环流及其倒槽的直接影响.经过统计分析可知,热带气旋与中尺度天气系统相结合是造成韶关市暴雨以上降水的主要原因. 相似文献
5.
登陆热带气旋影响湖南并造成强降水的气候特征 总被引：7，自引：6，他引：1
利用1951～2007年热带气旋、湖南降水资料,统计分析了登陆影响湖南的热带气旋时空分布,及造成的强降水特征.结果表明:57年中登陆影响湖南的热带气旋共161个,平均每年3个,主要出现在7～9月,影响热带气旋主要为台风或以上强度;影响湖南的热带气旋登陆地点以广东、福建最多,强度达强热带风暴或以上的热带气旋可造成极端暴雨降水,时间主要出现在8月.20世纪90年代以后暴雨强度呈加大趋势. 相似文献
6.
对2006年7月14日到7月17日厦门连续暴雨天气从环流形势、雷达回波和卫星云图等几方面进行分析,发现此次暴雨过程是由0604号强热带风暴"碧利斯"登陆后与中低纬环流,主要有北方弱冷空气及华南偏南风低空急流的相互作用;卫星云图显示登陆后强热带风暴螺旋云带有再次加强;雷达回波上一个重要的特征就是有逆风区的存在。本文试探用雷达回波特征来警戒台风暴雨。 相似文献
7.
对2006年7月14日到7月17日厦门连续暴雨天气从环流形势、雷达回波和卫星云图等几方面进行分析,发现此次暴雨过程是由0604号强热带风暴“碧利斯”登陆后与中低纬环流,主要有北方弱冷空气及华南偏南风低空急流的相互作用;卫星云图显示登陆后强热带风暴螺旋云带有再次加强;雷达回波上一个重要的特征就是有逆风区的存在。本文试探用雷达回波特征来警戒台风暴雨。 相似文献
8.
运用常规气象资料、卫星云图及数值预报产品,对９６０６号强热带风暴进行综合分析,分析表明：９６０６号强热带风暴为典型的南海台风中的一种,即小而强;风暴登陆后从五指山以北穿过海南,造成全省范围出现大雨以上降水。数值预报产品对９６０６号强热带风暴的预报是比较成功的 相似文献
9.
登陆中国大陆、海南和台湾的热带气旋及其相互关系 总被引：9，自引：1，他引：8
首先,针对登陆中国热带气旋的登陆地点资料仅为地名的现状,利用1951-2004年西北太平洋热带气旋资料和登陆中国热带气旋资料,研究制定了登陆资料信息化方案.该方案包括海岸线近似、登陆位置计算、其他特征量计算和误差订正4个方面.对资料信息化结果的分析表明:信息化登陆资料效果是良好的.在此基础上,对登陆中国热带气旋的基本气候特征进行研究,重点分析了在大陆、海南和台湾登陆的3类热带气旋以及它们的相互关系.结果表明:登陆热带气旋频繁的地区为台湾东部沿海、福建至雷州半岛沿海和海南东部沿海;台湾东部沿海和浙江沿海部分地区是登陆热带气旋平均强度最大的地区,平均登陆强度达到台风级别,其中台湾南端的平均登陆强度为最强,达到强台风级别;5-11月为热带气旋登陆中国季节,集中期为7-9月,8月最多;登陆热带气旋的强度主要集中在热带低压-台风,尤其以强热带风暴和台风最多.对于全部大陆、海南和台湾三地,50多年来登陆热带气旋频数都存在不同程度的减少趋势,但只有登陆海南热带气旋的减少趋势是显著的;而所有登陆风暴(含以上强度)频数均无明显增多或减少趋势.总体而言,登陆大陆的TC最多、初旋最早、终旋最晚、登陆期最长;登陆海南的TC居中;而登陆台湾的TC最少、初旋最晚、终旋最早、登陆期最短.从登陆方式看,登陆一地的TC最多、登陆两地的TC次之,分别占总数的79.2%和20.6%,仅有1个TC登陆三地.在登陆两地的TC中,经台湾登陆大陆的TC频数最多、强度减弱最快,经海南登陆大陆的TC频数次之、强度减弱较慢,经大陆登陆海南的TC频数排行第3、强度减弱较快. 相似文献
10.
运用常规气象资料,卫星云图及数值预报产品,对９６０６号强热带风暴进行综合分析,分析表明：９６０６号强热带风暴为典型质海台风中的一种,即小面强;风暴登陆后从旨山以北穿过海南,造成全省范围出现大雨以上降水。数值预报产品对９６０６号强热带风暴的预报是比较成功的。 相似文献
11.
Observed daily precipitation data from the National Meteorological Observatory in Hainan province and daily data from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP/NCAR) reanalysis-2 dataset from 1981 to 2014 are used to analyze the relationship between Hainan extreme heavy rainfall processes in autumn (referred to as EHRPs) and 10–30 d low-frequency circulation. Based on the key low-frequency signals and the NCEP Climate Forecast System Version 2 (CFSv2) model forecasting products, a dynamical-statistical method is established for the extended-range forecast of EHRPs. The results suggest that EHRPs have a close relationship with the 10–30 d low-frequency oscillation of 850 hPa zonal wind over Hainan Island and to its north, and that they basically occur during the trough phase of the low-frequency oscillation of zonal wind. The latitudinal propagation of the low-frequency wave train in the middle-high latitudes and the meridional propagation of the low-frequency wave train along the coast of East Asia contribute to the ‘north high (cold), south low (warm)’ pattern near Hainan Island, which results in the zonal wind over Hainan Island and to its north reaching its trough, consequently leading to EHRPs. Considering the link between low-frequency circulation and EHRPs, a low-frequency wave train index (LWTI) is defined and adopted to forecast EHRPs by using NCEP CFSv2 forecasting products. EHRPs are predicted to occur during peak phases of LWTI with value larger than 1 for three or more consecutive forecast days. Hindcast experiments for EHRPs in 2015–2016 indicate that EHRPs can be predicted 8–24 d in advance, with an average period of validity of 16.7 d. 相似文献
12.
Based on the measurements obtained at 64 national meteorological stations in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei (BTH) region between 1970 and 2013, the potential evapotranspiration (ET0) in this region was estimated using the Penman–Monteith equation and its sensitivity to maximum temperature (Tmax), minimum temperature (Tmin), wind speed (Vw), net radiation (Rn) and water vapor pressure (Pwv) was analyzed, respectively. The results are shown as follows. (1) The climatic elements in the BTH region underwent significant changes in the study period. Vw and Rn decreased significantly, whereas Tmin, Tmax and Pwv increased considerably. (2) In the BTH region, ET0 also exhibited a significant decreasing trend, and the sensitivity of ET0 to the climatic elements exhibited seasonal characteristics. Of all the climatic elements, ET0 was most sensitive to Pwv in the fall and winter and Rn in the spring and summer. On the annual scale, ET0 was most sensitive to Pwv, followed by Rn, Vw, Tmax and Tmin. In addition, the sensitivity coefficient of ET0 with respect to Pwv had a negative value for all the areas, indicating that increases in Pwv can prevent ET0 from increasing. (3) The sensitivity of ET0 to Tmin and Tmax was significantly lower than its sensitivity to other climatic elements. However, increases in temperature can lead to changes in Pwv and Rn. The temperature should be considered the key intrinsic climatic element that has caused the "evaporation paradox" phenomenon in the BTH region. 相似文献
13.
Storms that occur at the Bay of Bengal (BoB) are of a bimodal pattern, which is different from that of the other sea areas. By using the NCEP, SST and JTWC data, the causes of the bimodal pattern storm activity of the BoB are diagnosed and analyzed in this paper. The result shows that the seasonal variation of general atmosphere circulation in East Asia has a regulating and controlling impact on the BoB storm activity, and the “bimodal period” of the storm activity corresponds exactly to the seasonal conversion period of atmospheric circulation. The minor wind speed of shear spring and autumn contributed to the storm, which was a crucial factor for the generation and occurrence of the “bimodal pattern” storm activity in the BoB. The analysis on sea surface temperature (SST) shows that the SSTs of all the year around in the BoB area meet the conditions required for the generation of tropical cyclones (TCs). However, the SSTs in the central area of the bay are higher than that of the surrounding areas in spring and autumn, which facilitates the occurrence of a “two-peak” storm activity pattern. The genesis potential index (GPI) quantifies and reflects the environmental conditions for the generation of the BoB storms. For GPI, the intense low-level vortex disturbance in the troposphere and high-humidity atmosphere are the sufficient conditions for storms, while large maximum wind velocity of the ground vortex radius and small vertical wind shear are the necessary conditions of storms. 相似文献
14.
The spatial and temporal variations of daily maximum temperature(Tmax), daily minimum temperature(Tmin), daily maximum precipitation(Pmax) and daily maximum wind speed(WSmax) were examined in China using Mann-Kendall test and linear regression method. The results indicated that for China as a whole, Tmax, Tmin and Pmax had significant increasing trends at rates of 0.15℃ per decade, 0.45℃ per decade and 0.58 mm per decade,respectively, while WSmax had decreased significantly at 1.18 m·s~(-1) per decade during 1959—2014. In all regions of China, Tmin increased and WSmax decreased significantly. Spatially, Tmax increased significantly at most of the stations in South China(SC), northwestern North China(NC), northeastern Northeast China(NEC), eastern Northwest China(NWC) and eastern Southwest China(SWC), and the increasing trends were significant in NC, SC, NWC and SWC on the regional average. Tmin increased significantly at most of the stations in China, with notable increase in NEC, northern and southeastern NC and northwestern and eastern NWC. Pmax showed no significant trend at most of the stations in China, and on the regional average it decreased significantly in NC but increased in SC, NWC and the mid-lower Yangtze River valley(YR). WSmax decreased significantly at the vast majority of stations in China, with remarkable decrease in northern NC, northern and central YR, central and southern SC and in parts of central NEC and western NWC. With global climate change and rapidly economic development, China has become more vulnerable to climatic extremes and meteorological disasters, so more strategies of mitigation and/or adaptation of climatic extremes,such as environmentally-friendly and low-cost energy production systems and the enhancement of engineering defense measures are necessary for government and social publics. 相似文献
15.
《大气和海洋科学快报》2013,(1):67
正AIMS AND SCOPE Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters (AOSL) publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome.SUBMISSIONAll submitted 相似文献
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<正>With the support of specialized funds for national science institutions,the Guangzhou Institute of Tropical and Marine Meteorology,China Meteorological Administration set up in October 2008 an experiment base for marine meteorology and a number of observation systems for the coastal boundary layer,air-sea flux,marine environmental elements,and basic meteorological elements at Bohe town,Maoming city,Guangdong province,in the northern part of the South China Sea. 相似文献
18.
《大气和海洋科学快报》2014,7(6):F0003-F0003
AIMS AND SCOPE
Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
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《大气和海洋科学快报》2014,(5):F0003-F0003
AIMS AND SCOPE Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） pub- lishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmos- phere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
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《大气和海洋科学快报》2012,(3):273
正AIMS AND SCOPE Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters (AOSL) publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences 相似文献