共查询到17条相似文献，搜索用时 140 毫秒
1.
EOS/MODIS-NDVI法在新疆火情监测中的应用 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
根据新疆特殊的地理、气候特征，将EOS／MODIS的植被指数与火灾光谱特征综合应用到火灾监测工作中，显著的提高了火点判识的精度；同时，极大的减少了遥感监测火情的运算时间。 相似文献
2.
根据2004年的MODIS数据和森林火灾地面调查数据, 以福建省为例, 来探讨典型南方丘陵山区森林火灾发生后火灾面积大小评估的技术方法。在对火区250 m分辨率MODIS数据特征分析的基础上, 通过MODIS近红外通道反射率和归一化植被指数在火灾发生前后的散点图, 结合火区的假彩色合成影像, 利用ENVI软件的ROI处理功能建立火灾面积评估技术方法。对35起森林火灾样本进行评估, 过火面积总体估算误差为15 hm2, 结果表明, 在南方丘陵山区, 应用MODIS数据开展森林火灾面积评估, 能较好地满足业务需求。 相似文献
3.
EOS／MODIS卫星资料在贵州省林火监测中的应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在森林火灾预防和扑救中,及时而准确地监测森林火灾和火环境的变化是各级防火人员最为关注的问题之一。对于大面积森林火灾,依靠地面人力和飞机监测,不但费用高,而且工作繁杂,特别是对于盲区的监测计算精度低。借助于卫星遥感和林火地理信息系统,进行计算机统计分析,可以克服这些不足,提供较为详细的森林火灾有关数据。该文介绍EOS／MODIS卫星遥感资料在贵州省森林火灾监测的应用,从理论上分析EOS／MODIS数据林火信息的识别和提取的原理及方法。 相似文献
4.
应用EOS/MODIS资料监测向海水库水面面积动态变化 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用EOS/MODIS资料,采用阈值法对水体进行自动判识。通过多时次卫星数据对向海水库面积进行遥感动态监测,结果表明,利用EOS/MODIS数据能准确监测水库水域面积变化,向海水库面积2006年除7月中旬至8月中旬低于2005年外,其它月份均高于2005年。水库面积变化呈现夏季较低,秋季较高的特点。 相似文献
5.
选取了10个新疆火灾EOS／MODIS卫星遥感监测实例,在分析MODIS光谱数据的基础上,结合火场实况,进行了深入研究,结果表明：①由RGB 7．2．1通道合成影像可以发现火场。利用21～31通道差,可确定火场,但当中红外各通道不饱和时,则选择20～31通道差更为有效。截取MODIS光谱数据分析窗,做相应的判识则是最有效的手段。②火点判识参数（阀值）要根据气候和地理的不同来调整,灵活准确的调整参数是发现火点的关键。③将7通道、21通道数据点对点像元重合,可以判断火势当前位置和移动方向。④火灾遥感监测只能提供即时火场面积,通过截取光谱数据分析窗,计算火区像元数,即可估算即时火场面积。 相似文献
6.
基于MODIS和HJ-1数据的宿鸭湖水库面积遥感监测研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
水体与植被、城市和土壤等地物在不同波段的光谱反射率的差异是利用遥感手段提取水体信息的基本原理。以宿鸭湖水库为例,在水体光谱特征分析的基础上,采用归一化植被指数（NDVI）方法提取2010年的MODIS和HJ-1遥感影像上的水体信息。首先将MODIS数据的第1和第2波段,以及HJ-1数据的第3和第4波段经过波段运算得到NDVI图像。将两种遥感图像中NDVI值为负的像元判识为水体,NDVI值为正的判识为水库周围的农田,经过计算像元数量得到水体面积信息。水体判识阈值在全年变化范围在-0．08和0．08之间。HJ-1数据具有较高的空间分辨率,水体判识的结果比MODIS数据更加精确。利用HJ—I数据水体监测结果对MODIS数据结果进行校正,使得到的监测结果同时具有较高的时间分辨率和空间分辨率。研究结果表明：利用HJ-1数据校正后的MODIS数据所测得的水域面积与实际观测得到的水库蓄水量之间的复相关系数为0．8603,显著提高了水体监测的精度,从而为大范围的水资源与水环境动态监测提供了迅速、可靠的依据。 相似文献
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8.
乌日娜同志1987年开始从事内蒙古气象卫星遥感工作,先后担任卫星遥感科副科长、科长。在工作中兢兢业业、勇于奉献、开拓进取,多次被评为先进个人。近年来,我区的东北部林区连续出现干旱,属火险高发区,卫星遥感每年的春秋季防火期,几乎都成为春夏秋三季连防,从3月15日一直持续到11月15日,在这2 0 0多天,她和全科同志放弃了节假日,尽职尽责地坚守在工作岗位上。2 0 0 2年7月2 7日,我区北部原始林区发生重大森林火灾,她带领全科职工连续奋战了2 3个昼夜,密切监测火情发展情况,及时为有关部门传输遥感监测图、火场气象条件分析和火场动态分析等… 相似文献
9.
本文使用2009~2011年1~6月MODISL1B数据,经过云水掩膜,亮温反演,参照四川省护林防火办公室地面森林火灾观测资料,对四川省1、2季度火灾监测阈值进行了研究,提出了针对不同类型火灾监测的阈值范围,并对监测算法进行了适当修改。使用修改后的算法对2012年1~2月火灾进行了监测,精度达到87%,监测结果比MODIS14的火灾产品好。研究将监测火点与风场、土地利用数据叠加,并结合MODIS的7、2、1波段组合,提高了火点位置的准确度。 相似文献
10.
5月17日～23日，凉山州木里县东子乡发生特大森林火灾，过火面积达17000余亩。5月23—27日，该县水洛乡再次发生森林火灾．过火面积达9600余亩，火线长达8至10公里。面对这两起来势汹汹的森林大火，四川省气象局和凉山州气象局、木里县气象局协同作战，在积极提供气象保障服务的同时，及时组织人工增雨作业，为扑灭森林大火发挥了重要作用。 相似文献
11.
采用数理统计的方法,增加了MODIS卫星遥感监测的土壤湿度和热源点预报因子,对河北省气象局原有的森林火险预报模式进行了改进,针对不同区域分别建立了森林火险预报模式,并对2012年河北省森林火灾实际发生情况进行了分析和应用效果检验。结果表明,2012年防火期,实况出现火灾,改进的火险模式预报森林火险气象等级5级为预报完全正确比率达66．3％;预报火险气象等级为4级（高度火险）及以上的正确率达83．1％;预报火险气象等级为3级（中度火险）及以上的正确率达98．8％;在所有的预报样本中,森林火险气象等级预报5级,但实况没有出现火灾的空报率为6．8％。检验结果显示,改进后的森林火险预报模式的应用效果更接近实际情况。 相似文献
12.
Estimating emissions from forest fires in Thailand using MODIS active fire product and country specific data 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Agapol Junpen Savitri Garivait Sebastien Bonnet 《Asia-Pacific Journal of Atmospheric Sciences》2013,49(3):389-400
Studies on air pollution and climate change have shown that forest fires constitute one of the major sources of atmospheric trace gases and particulate matter, especially during the dry season. However, these emissions remain difficult to quantify due to uncertainty on the extent of burned areas and deficient knowledge on the forest fire behaviours in each country. This study aims to estimate emissions from forest fires in Thailand by using the combination of the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) for active fire products and country-specific data based on prescribed burning experiments. The results indicate that 27817 fire hotspots (FHS) associated with forest fires were detected by the MODIS during 2005–2009. These FHS mainly occurred in the northern, western, and upper north-eastern parts of Thailand. Each year, the most significant fires were observed during January–May, with a peak in March. The majority of forest FHS were detected in the afternoon. According to the prescribed burning experiments, the average area of forest burned per fire event was found to fall within the range 1.09 to 12.47 ha, depending upon the terrain slope and weather conditions. The total burned area was computed at 159309 ha corresponding to the surface biomass fuel of 541515 tons dry matter. The forest fire emissions were computed at 855593 tons of CO2, 56318 tons of CO, 3682 tons of CH4, 108 tons of N2O, 4928 tons of PM2.5, 4603 tons of PM10, 357 tons of BC and 2816 tons of OC. 相似文献
13.
Future Area Burned in Canada 总被引：16，自引：3，他引：16
M. D. Flannigan K. A. Logan B. D. Amiro W. R. Skinner B. J. Stocks 《Climatic change》2005,72(1-2):1-16
Historical relationships between weather, the Canadian fire weather index (FWI) system components and area burned in Canadian
ecozones were analysed on a monthly basis in tandem with output from the Canadian and the Hadley Centre GCMs to project future
area burned. Temperature and fuel moisture were the variables best related to historical monthly area burned with 36–64% of
the variance explained depending on ecozone. Our results suggest significant increases in future area burned although there
are large regional variations in fire activity. This was especially true for the Canadian GCM where some ecozones show little
change in area burned, however area burned was not projected to decrease in any of the ecozones modelled. On average, area
burned in Canada is projected to increase by 74–118% by the end of this century in a 3 × CO2 scenario. These estimates do not explicitly take into account any changes in vegetation, ignitions, fire season length, and
human activity (fire management and land use activities) that may influence area burned. However, the estimated increases
in area burned would have significant ecological, economic and social impacts for Canada. 相似文献
14.
Juli G. Pausas 《Climatic change》2004,63(3):337-350
Fire is a dominant ecological factor in Mediterranean ecosystems, and changes in the fire regime can have important consequences for the stability of our landscapes. In this framework I asked firstly, what is the trend in fire number and area burned in the eastern Iberian Peninsula, and then, to what extent is the inter-annual variability of fires determined by climatic factors. To answer these questions I analysed the meteorological data (temperature and precipitation) from 350 stations covering the eastern Iberian Peninsula (1950–2000), and the fire records for the same area (historical data, 1874–1968, and data from recent decades, 1968–2000). The results suggested a slight tendency towards decreasing summer rainfall and a clear pattern of increasing annual and summer temperatures (on average, annual temperatures increased 0.35 °C per decade from 1950 to 2000). The analysis of fire records suggested a clear increase in the annual number of fires and area burned during the last century; however, in the last three decades the number of fires also increased but the area burned did not show a clear trend. For this period the inter-annual variability in area burned was significantly related to the summer rainfall, that is, in wet summers the area burned was lower that in dry summers. Furthermore, summer rainfall was significantly cross-correlated with summer area burned for a time-lag of 2 years, suggesting that high rainfall may increase fuel loads that burn 2 years later. 相似文献
15.
以FY-3可见光与红外辐射计（VIRR）为主要数据,利用FY3\VIRR 1、6、10通道数据,以指数法和光谱阈值相结合的多光谱积雪监测算法对2013年阿勒泰地区卫星数据进行积雪监测处理。处理结果与MODIS积雪监测业务产品对比分析得出：利用FY3\VIRR可以实现对研究区的积雪遥感监测,监测结果与现有MODIS积雪监测业务产品较一致,具有可比性。 相似文献
16.
介绍了EOS卫星上携带的MODIS传感器的主要特点以及用MODIS资料进行林火监测的原理。根据近年来使用MODIS资料进行林火监测的应用情况,对自动判识火点所需设置的门槛值进行了分析和探索,找到了一种能快速、简便地设置ch21和ch21-ch31门槛值的方法,并通过实例证明该方法在林火监测中是可行的和有效的。 相似文献
17.
Management alternatives to offset climate change effects on Mediterranean fire regimes in NE Spain 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Fire regime is affected by climate and human settlements. In the Mediterranean, the predicted climate change is likely to exacerbate fire prone weather conditions, but the mid- to long-term impact of climate change on fire regime is not easily predictable. A negative feedback via fuel reduction, for instance, might cause a non-linear response of burned area to fire weather. Also, the number of fires escaping initial control could grow dramatically if the fire meteorology is just slightly more severe than what fire brigades are prepared for. Humans can directly influence fire regimes through ignition frequency, fire suppression and land use management. Here we use the fire regime model FIRE LADY to assess the impacts of climate change and local management options on number of fires, burned area, fraction of area burned in large fires and forest area during the twenty-first century in three regions of NE Spain. Our results show that currently fuel-humidity limited regions could suffer a drastic shift of fire regime with an up to 8 fold increase of annual burned area, due to a combination of fuel accumulation and severe fire weather, which would result in a period of unusually large fires. The impact of climate change on fire regime is predicted to be less pronounced in drier areas, with a gradual increase of burned area. Local fire prevention strategies could reduce but not totally offset climate induced changes in fire regimes. According to our model, a combination of restoring the traditional rural mosaic and classical fire prevention would be the most effective strategy, as a lower ignition frequency reduces the number of fires and the creation of agricultural fields in marginal areas reduces their extent. 相似文献