共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 336 毫秒
1.
使用新一代细网格WRF中尺度数值模式和MM5（V3）模式，对2003年7月4～6日发生在江淮流域的一次梅雨锋暴雨过程进行了数值模拟对比分析。结果表明：WRF和MM5都能较好的模拟这次暴雨过程雨带的分布和走向，而WRF能更好的模拟降水中心的位置和雨量；与暴雨过程相联系的低空急流和涡度场等分布特征的模拟，WRF模式亦优于MM5模式。此外，在云贵高原东麓山地，与WRF模式相比，MM5模式在低层模拟出虚假的低压环流，这可能与两模式所采用的垂直坐标差异有关。对WRF的模拟结果分析发现，700hPa湿位涡异常区与暴雨发生区对应很好。 相似文献
2.
WRF和MM5模式对辽宁暴雨模拟的对比分析 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
用近年开发的新一代中尺度预报模式WRF(Weather Research Forecast)和已被广泛应用的MM5模式分别模拟研究了2002年8月3~4日发生在辽宁的一次区域性暴雨过程。模拟结果显示WRF模式能够比较成功地反映出导致暴雨发生的高低空环流背景和暴雨的分布状况;WRF和MM5模拟结果的对比分析表明:由于WRF的动力框架具有一定的优越性使得模式结果得到改善,在前处理和所选物理过程相同的情况下,WRF模式对能够代表本次暴雨过程中中尺度天气系统的高度场、风场、散度场、水汽通量场以及垂直速度场等物理量的模拟效果要好于MM5。高空形势场的影响使WRF模拟的降水落区和强度更接近实况。 相似文献
3.
使用WRF模式和MM5模式分别对吉林省全省50个地面观测站做了降水预报的数值模拟．并进行了检验分析和对比。全省区域降水预报检验结果表明：WRF模式0-24h和24-48h的预报正确率为82．4％和81．1％,分别高出MM5模式6．1和7．4个百分点;WRF模式各级降水预报的TS评分均高于MM5模式,对于暴雨以上的降水预报,WRF模式0-24h和24-48h预报的TS评分为11．2％和14．5％,具有一定的预报能力;两种模式的降水预报都存在着一定的空报率和漏报率,其中大雨以上预报的空报率和漏报率均超过了45％,暴雨以上预报的空报率和漏报率均超过了70％。 相似文献
4.
MM5和WRF模拟东北冷涡雷暴天气过程对比分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
利用NCEP/NCAR再分析资料驱动中尺度天气模式MM5和WRF,模拟2005年4月6日辽宁强雷暴降水天气过程。结果表明:MM5和WRF模拟雷暴发生的天气系统结构相似,但对于降水量模拟,WRF模式模拟的结果与实况更为接近。分析其天气系统结构表明,降水过程中来自不同地区的冷暖空气交汇和来自不同地区云团的汇合造成了此次强雷暴天气的发生。 相似文献
5.
利用MM5模式对2003年7月一次江淮暴雨过程进行了数值模拟,结果表明：MM5对本次暴雨落区的模拟较为成功。应用模拟结果对假相当位温、水汽通量散度、z-螺旋度及湿位涡等几个综合性物理量进行了诊断,得出的主要结论为：本次暴雨发生在高能舌的前部、能量锋区南缘和低空急流左前方三者叠加的区域;水汽通量散度比较好地反映本次暴雨的强度和落区;z-螺旋度不仅能反映降水系统,对降水系统的移动也有预报指示意义;本次暴雨过程中湿斜压性和涡度垂直分量与热力不稳定对湿位涡有同等大小的贡献。 相似文献
6.
区域数值模式对两次暴雨过程的降水模拟比较 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
分析了应用于西南地区的MM5、GRAEPS、AREM和成都区域业务运行数值模式(η)4个区域模式对2004年6月29~30日成都邻近地区和9月2~6日四川盆地东北部的暴雨降水过程进行了模拟。模拟结果表明,4个区域模式对这两次强降水过程有不同程度的反映。MM5、GRAPES和AREM显示了较好的预报能力,特别是MM5和AREM模式的预报在落区、强度和降水演变上与实况较一致。AREM模式预报的雨区清晰,但降水强度偏弱;MM5模式在预报出强降水的同时,出现较多的虚假降水,对持续时间长的降水过程预报较好,GRAPES预报的雨区较不稳定,但对持续时间短的过程有较好的反映;η模式降水预报偏小太多,对6月30日的过程在盆地的预报无明显反映。因此,有必要加大区域模式本地化工作,发展适合西南地区的数值模式,开展数值集合预报技术研究,整体提高成都区域中心数值预报水平。 相似文献
7.
基于站点观测资料和四个数值模式预报资料,以2011—2012年汛期(6—8月)为例,评估四个模式对淮河流域15个子单元客观面雨量预报效果。这四个模式为欧洲中期天气预报中心(European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts,简称ECMWF)全球模式、日本气象厅(Japan Meteorological Agency,简称JMA)全球模式、安徽省气象台业务中尺度模式MM5(Mesoscale Model Version 5)和WRF(Weather ResearchForecasting)。15个子单元面雨量预报值采用网格算术平均法计算,面雨量实况值采用泰森多边形法计算。检验评估采用平均绝对误差、模糊评分、正确率以及TS评分。检验评估结果表明:1)ECMWF预报效果整体上优于其他模式,尤其是在小雨到大雨等级优势明显;JMA、MM5以及WRF的预报效果依次降低。2)各模式预报效果均表现出随降水等级(小雨、中雨、大雨、暴雨)增大而下降的趋势。3)随预报时效(24、48、72 h)延长,各模式预报效果逐渐下降。4)分析典型个例发现,ECMWF、JMA及WRF对于24 h预报时效的强、弱降水过程,预报效果存在较明显差异,对于强降水过程预报等级偏小;MM5对于强、弱过程预报等级均有所偏大。 相似文献
8.
9.
利用WRF模式对2012年5月10-11日甘肃岷县的一次强降水过程进行了数值模拟和诊断分析。结果表明:WRF模式较好地再现了此次暴雨天气过程,在暴雨落区和强度量级上接近实况。四川盆地的西南风从孟加拉湾携带暖湿水汽向北输送,最大值达到16 kg·m^(-1)·s^(-1)·hPa^(-1),为该地区降水提供了水汽条件。在暴雨发生前,大气能量有个累积的阶段,在暴雨发生时能量开始释放,到暴雨结束时能量释放完;在暴雨发生时,降水落区上空整层均为上升气流,中心强度达到0.5 m·s^(-1)。这种强上升运动不仅使得暖湿空气辐合抬升,而且在上升过程中释放潜热,加热大气,使得垂直运动增强,形成正反馈。模拟的CAPE和雷达反射率因子等物理量均对此次降水过程有较好的指示意义。 相似文献
10.
《高原气象》2016,(3)
利用WRF模式对2012年5月10-11日甘肃岷县的一次强降水过程进行了数值模拟和诊断分析。结果表明:WRF模式较好地再现了此次暴雨天气过程,在暴雨落区和强度量级上接近实况。四川盆地的西南风从孟加拉湾携带暖湿水汽向北输送,最大值达到16 kg·m~(-1)·s~(-1)·hPa~(-1),为该地区降水提供了水汽条件。在暴雨发生前,大气能量有个累积的阶段,在暴雨发生时能量开始释放,到暴雨结束时能量释放完;在暴雨发生时,降水落区上空整层均为上升气流,中心强度达到0.5 m·s~(-1)。这种强上升运动不仅使得暖湿空气辐合抬升,而且在上升过程中释放潜热,加热大气,使得垂直运动增强,形成正反馈。模拟的CAPE和雷达反射率因子等物理量均对此次降水过程有较好的指示意义。 相似文献
11.
Assessment of the WRF model in reproducing a flash-flood heavy rainfall event over Korea 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
This study examines the ability of the cloud-resolving weather research and forecasting (WRF) model to reproduce the convective cells associated with the flash-flooding heavy rainfall near Seoul, South Korea, on 12 July 2006. A triply nested WRF model with the highest resolution of 3-km horizontal grid spacing was integrated with conventional analysis data. The WRF model simulated the initiation of isolated thunderstorms, and the formation of a convective band, cloud cluster, and squall line at nearly the right time. The corresponding precipitation simulation was also reasonably reproduced in its distribution, although the amount was underestimated. A sensitivity experiment that excludes the orography over the peninsula revealed that orographic forcing over the peninsula is responsible for about 20% increase in precipitation over the heavy rainfall region. It was identified that in addition to the up-lifting local orographic forcing to the west of the mountain range in South Korea, anticyclonic circulation due to the presence of the Gaema Heights in North Korea contribute to the confinement of convective activities in the heavy rainfall region. 相似文献
12.
随着数值预报技术的飞速发展, 模式定量降水预报已成为天气预报业务工作中的主要参考依据。本文对目前在国家气象中心应用的3个业务运行模式T213L31, HLAFS0.25, 华北中尺度模式MM5和德国模式及日本模式的降水预报产品进行了季节空间分布、区域时间序列演变及统计检验, 试图从空间、时间及统计方面对降水预报产品的预报性能进行综合评估。检验结果表明:目前的数值预报模式对短期时效内定量降水预报均具有一定的空间预报能力, 但强降水中心位置有一定的偏差; 从时间序列演变检验来看, 模式对区域强降水过程的发展趋势具有较强的预报能力, 但降水量预报与实况有一定的差距; 从累加统计评分检验结果来看, 模式短期时效的预报性能差别不大, 全球模式在小中雨预报方面有一定优势, 其中日本模式的综合预报性能最好, 大雨以上量级的预报则是国内的模式有一定的优势, 其中华北中尺度MM5模式, T213L31模式各有所长, 但均存在预报量和预报区偏大问题。 相似文献
13.
14.
The present study designs experiments on the direct assimilation of
radial velocity and reflectivity data collected by an S-band Doppler weather
radar (CINRAD WSR-98D) at the Hefei Station and the reanalysis data produced by
the United States National Centers for Environmental Prediction using the Weather
Research and Forecasting (WRF) model, the WRF model with a three-dimensional
variational (3DVAR) data assimilation system and the WRF model with an ensemble
square root filter (EnSRF) data assimilation system. In addition, the present
study analyzes a Meiyu front heavy rainfall process that occurred in the Yangtze
-Huaihe River Basin from July 4 to July 5, 2003, through numerical simulation.
The results show the following. (1) The assimilation of the radar radial velocity
data can increase the perturbations in the low-altitude atmosphere over the heavy
rainfall region, enhance the convective activities and reduce excessive simulated
precipitation. (2) The 3DVAR assimilation method significantly adjusts the
horizontal wind field. The assimilation of the reflectivity data improves the
microphysical quantities and dynamic fields in the model. In addition, the
assimilation of the radial velocity and reflectivity data can better adjust the
wind fields and improve the intensity and location of the simulated radar echo
bands. (3) The EnSRF assimilation method can assimilate more small-scale wind
field information into the model. The assimilation of the reflectivity data alone
can relatively accurately forecast the rainfall centers. In addition, the
assimilation of the radial velocity and reflectivity data can improve the
location of the simulated radar echo bands. (4) The use of the 3DVAR and EnSRF
assimilation methods to assimilate the radar radial velocity and reflectivity
data can improve the forecast of precipitation, rain-band areal coverage and the
center location and intensity of precipitation. 相似文献
15.
应用GRAPES模式对贵州暴雨过程的模拟试验 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：6
利用我国新一代数值预报模式GRAPES（Global／Reglional Assimilationand Prediction Enhanced System），对2004年发生在贵州的3次强降水过程，即6月23—24日、7月17—18日和7月21—22日的暴雨过程进行了数值模拟，并与实况资料进行对比分析。模拟结果表明：GRAPES模式成功地模拟了这几次降水过程中的主要天气系统的位置和移动过程，如西南低涡的加强、较强的低空急流、低空气流辐合以及高空槽过境等，因此较好地模拟出暴雨的落区和分布特征。但对强降水的模拟与实况有一定差异，对局地暴雨的模拟偏小。模拟试验分析可见：GRAPES模式对贵州暴雨有预报能力，有较好的参考作用。 相似文献
16.
The present study is conducted to verify the short-range forecasts from mesoscale model version5 (MM5)/weather research and forecasting (WRF) model over the Indian region and to examine the impact of assimilation of quick scatterometer (QSCAT) near surface winds, spectral sensor microwave imager (SSM/I) wind speed and total precipitable water (TPW) on the forecasts by these models using their three-dimensional variational (3D-Var) data assimilation scheme for a 1-month period during July 2006. The control (without satellite data assimilation) as well as 3D-Var sensitivity experiments (with assimilating satellite data) using MM5/WRF were made for 48 h starting daily at 0000 UTC July 2006. The control run is analyzed for the intercomparison of MM5/WRF short-range forecasts and is also used as a baseline for assessing the MM5/WRF 3D-Var satellite data sensitivity experiments. As compared to the observation, the MM5 (WRF) control simulations strengthened (weakened) the cross equatorial flow over southern Arabian sea near peninsular India. The forecasts from MM5 and WRF showed a warm and moist bias at lower and upper levels with a cold bias at the middle level, which shows that the convective schemes of these models may be too active during the simulation. The forecast errors in predicted wind, temperature and humidity at different levels are lesser in WRF as compared to MM5, except the temperature prediction at lower level. The rainfall pattern and prediction skill from day 1 and day 2 forecasts by WRF is superior to MM5. The spatial distribution of forecast impact for wind, temperature, and humidity from 1-month assimilation experiments during July 2006 demonstrated that on average, for 24 and 48-h forecasts, the satellite data improved the MM5/WRF initial condition, so that model errors in predicted meteorological fields got reduced. Among the experiments, MM5/WRF wind speed prediction is most benefited from QSCAT surface wind and SSM/I TPW assimilation while temperature and humidity prediction is mostly improved due to latter. The largest improvement in MM5/WRF rainfall prediction is due to the assimilation of SSM/I TPW. The assimilation of SSM/I wind speed alone in MM5/WRF degraded the humidity and rainfall prediction. In summary the assimilation of satellite data showed similar impact on MM5/WRF prediction; largest improvement due to SSM/I TPW and degradation due to SSM/I wind speed. 相似文献
17.
一次高原强降水过程及其云物理结构的数值模拟 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
本文利用中尺度WRF数值模式,对2010年8月7—8日发生在青藏高原东部一次强降水过程进行数值模拟,利用常规观测资料、FY卫星云图和数值模拟结果对此次强降水过程的宏微观演变特征和降水机制进行分析。本次模拟选用Milbrandt-Yau(MY)微物理方案,有较为完整的双参数计算过程,较为全面地考虑了各类云物理过程,对云微物理结构的描述和处理精细而复杂。结果表明,此次强对流降水发生在副热带高压与南亚高压相连、中高纬短波槽分裂南下、并与西南暖湿气流相遇形成低涡切变线的有利天气形势下,西南暖湿气流带来大量水汽、降水区存在大量不稳定能量、以及低层辐合高层辐散的高低空配置为暴雨发生发展提供了必要条件。WRF模式较好地模拟出了此次强降水过程的降水落区、降水中心和降水量级,对青海平安和甘南上空云团合并过程、强对流云团范围也模拟较好。对云微物理结构的分析结果表明,此次对流云降水为冷云降水,暖层浅薄,冰相粒子丰富,其中霰粒对过冷水的碰冻能力最强,使得其含量远大于冰雪晶含量,其融化是雨水的主要来源。雪晶含量最少,或与其碰冻过冷水能力较弱有关。 相似文献
18.
The Persistent Heavy Rainfall over Southern China in June 2010：Evolution of Synoptic Systems and the Effects of the Tibetan Plateau Heating 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1 
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下载免费PDF全文 This study investigates influencing weather systems for and the effect of Tibetan Plateau （TP）’s surface heating on the heavy rainfall over southern China in June 2010, focusing on the four persistent heavy rainfall events during 14-24 June 2010. The ma jor weather systems include the South Asian high, midlatitude trough and ridge, western Pacific subtropical high in the middle troposphere, and shear lines and eastward-moving vortices in the lower troposphere. An ensemble of convection-permitting simulations （CTL） is carried out with the WRF model for these rainfall events, which successfully reproduce the observed evolution of precipitation and weather systems. Another ensemble of simulations （SEN） with the surface albedo over the TP and its southern slope changed artificially to one, i.e., the surface does not absorb any solar heating, otherwise it is identical to CTL, is also performed. Comparison between CTL and SEN suggests that the surface sensible heating of TP in CTL significantly affects the temperature distributions over the plateau and its surroundings, and the thermal wind adjustment consequently changes atmospheric circulations and properties of the synoptic systems, leading to intensified precipitation over southern China. Specifically, at 200 hPa, anticyclonic and cyclonic anomalies form over the western and eastern plateau, respectively, which enhances the southward cold air intrusion along the eastern TP and the divergence over southern China;at 500 hPa, the ridge over the northern plateau and the trough over eastern China are strengthened, the southwesterly flows along the northwestern side of the subtropical high are intensified, and the positive vorticity propagation from the plateau to its downstream is also enhanced significantly;at 850 hPa, the low-pressure vortices strongly develop and move eastward while the southwesterly low-level jet over southern China strengthens in CTL, leading to increased water vapor convergence and upward motion over the precipitation region. 相似文献