共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 140 毫秒
1.
《中国气象科学研究院年报》1995,(1)
ＴＨＥ２－ＤＮＵＭＥＲＩＣＡＬＳＴＵＤＹＯＮＴＨＥＰＲＩＮＣＩＰＬＥＳＯＦＲＡＩＮ－ＥＮＨＡＮＣＥＭＥＮＴＡＮＤＨＡＩＬ－ＳＵＰＰＲＥＳＳＩＯＮＩＮＣＯＮＶＥＣＴＩＶＥＣＬＯＵＤＳＭａｏＹｕｈｕａ（毛玉华）ａｎｄＨｕＺｈｉｊｉｎ（胡志晋）ＴＨＥ２－Ｄ... 相似文献
2.
利用ＬＬＡ－Ｃ光化学反应机制,在ＮＯＸ保持高值不变时,模拟分布范围很广的８种初始［ＮＭＨＣ］／［ＮＯｘ］（１０９／１０９）（１．０、３．０、７．１、１４．３、２８．６、５７．２、１００．０、２００．０）条件下臭氧体积分数的变化。模拟结果表明,当［ＮＭＨＣ］／［ＮＯｘ］≥１５．０时,臭氧生成量对ＮＭＨＣ的改变不大敏感而主要依赖于ＮＯｘ的大小。但是,当非甲烷烃与氮氧化物的比北较低（＜７．０）时,臭氧生成量紧密地依赖于非甲烷烃体积分数。进一步的验证工作还有待于加强。 相似文献
3.
《中国气象科学研究院年报》1995,(1)
ＥＦＦＥＣＴＳＯＦＣＯＬＤＯＲＷＡＲＭＣＬＩＭＡＴＩＣＣＨＡＮＧＥＯＮＡＧＲＩＣＵＬＴＵＲＡＬＥＮＶＩＲＯＮＭＥＮＴＯＶＥＲＴＨＥＬＯＷＥＲＡＮＤＭＩＤＤＬＥＲＥＡＣＨＥＳＯＦＣＨＡＮＧＪＩＡＮＧＲＩＶＥＲＩＮＴＨＥＬＡＳＴＣＥＮＴＵＲＹＺｈａｎｓＹ... 相似文献
4.
丁一汇 《中国气象科学研究院年报》1996,(1)
ＳＣＩＥＮＴＩＦＩＣ－ＯＰＥＲＡＴＩＯＮＡＬＥＸＰＥＲＩＭＥＮＴＳＡＮＤＳＹＮＯＰＴＩＣ－ＤＹＮＡＭＩＣＳＴＵＤＹＯＦＨＥＡＶＹＲＡＩＮＦＡＬＬＳ￥ＤｉｎｇＹｉｈｕｉ（丁一汇）ＳＣＩＥＮＴＩＦＩＣ－ＯＰＥＲＡＴＩＯＮＡＬＥＸＰＥＲＩＭＥＮＴＳＡＮＤＳ... 相似文献
5.
GROUND-BASED MEASUREMENTS OF COLUMN ABUNDANCE OF OZONE AN 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
ＧＲＯＵＮＤ－ＢＡＳＥＤＭＥＡＳＵＲＥＭＥＮＴＳＯＦＣＯＬＵＭＮＡＢＵＮＤＡＮＣＥＯＦＯＺＯＮＥＡＮＤＵＶ－ＢＲＡＤＩＡＴＩＯＮＯＶＥＲＺＨＯＮＧＳＨＡＮＳＴＡＴＩＯＮ，ＡＮＴＡＲＣＴＩＣＡＦＯＲＴＨＥ１９９３“ＯＺＯＮＥＨＯＬＥ”ＺｈｏｕＸｉｕｊｉ... 相似文献
6.
ＴＨＥＣＨＡＮＧＥＳＡＮＤＣＬＩＭＡＴＩＣＪＵＭＰＳＩＮＦＥＲＲＥＤＦＲＯＭＴＨＥＡＧＲＩＣＵＬＴＵＲＡＬＤＲＹＮＥＳＳＡＮＤＷＥＴＮＥＳＳＩＮＴＨＥＣＨＡＮＧＪＩＡＮＧ－ＨＵＡＩＨＥＶＡＬＬＥＹＦＯＲＴＨＥＬＡＳＴ５００ＹＥＡＲＳＸｕｅＨｅｎｇ（薛... 相似文献
7.
《中国气象科学研究院年报》1994,(1)
ＡＣＨＡＲＡＣＴＥＲＩＳＴＩＣＡＮＡＬＹＳＩＳＯＦＡＥＲＯＳＯＬＳＦＲＯＭＳＡＮＤＳＴＯＲＭＳＹａｎｇＤｏｎｇｚｈｅｎ（杨东贞），ＷａｎｇＣｈａｏ（王超）ａｎｄＹｕＸｉａｏｌａｎ（于晓岚）ＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅｏｆＡｔｍｏｓｐｈｅｒｉｃＣｈｅｎｍｉｓｔｒ... 相似文献
8.
《中国气象科学研究院年报》1995,(1)
ＣＨＩＮＡＧＬＯＢＡＬＡＴＭＯＳＰＨＥＲＥＷＡＴＣＨＢＡＳＥＬＩＮＥＯＢＳＥＲＶＡＴＯＲＹＡＮＤＩＴＳＭＥＡＳＵＲＥＭＥＮＴＰＲＯＧＲＡＭＴａｎｇＪｉｅ（汤洁），ＷｅｎＹｕｐｕ（温玉璞），ＸｕＸｉａｏｂｉｎ（徐晓斌），ＺｈｅｎｇＸｉａｎｇｄｏｎｇ（郑... 相似文献
9.
《中国气象科学研究院年报》1994,(1)
ＴＨＥＥＦＦＥＣＴＯＦＴＨＥＩＮＴＥＲＡＣＴＩＯＮＡＭＯＮＧＭＵＬＴＩ－ＳＣＡＬＥＳＹＳＴＥＭＳＡＮＤＴＨＥＡＳＹＭＭＥＴＲＩＣＤＹＮＡＭＩＣＡＮＤＴＨＥＲＭＯＤＹＮＡＭＩＣＳＴＲＵＣＴＵＲＥＯＦＴＲＯＰＩＣＡＬＣＹＣＬＯＮＥＯＮＩＴＳＴＲＡＣＫＸｕ... 相似文献
10.
ＡＳＴＵＤＹＯＦＡＮＴＡＲＣＴＩＣＳＹＮＯＰＴＩＣ－ＣＬＩＭＡＴＩＣＶＡＲＩＡＴＩＯＮＡＮＤＧＬＯＢＡＬＣＨＡＮＧＥ￥ＬｕＬｏｎｇｈｕａ（陆龙骅），ＢｉａｎＬｉｎｇｅｎ（卞林根），ＪｉｕＰｅｎｇｑｕｎ（贾朋群）ａｎｄＺｈａｎｇＺｈｅｎｇｑｉｕ（张正秋... 相似文献
11.
光化学烟雾的控制试验 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
利用MM5与RADM的耦合模式,设计了3个削减源排放的试验,用以探讨控制光化学污染的有效途径。试验结果表明,在NMHC/NOx比值很大的前提条件下,NOx地面源排放的削减对降低大气中O3含量的作用最显著,而削减NMHC对降低大气中PAN含量的作用明显,同时削减NMHC和NOx是降低大气光化学污染强度的最佳途径。 相似文献
12.
利用一个三维的冰雹云模式与化学组分输送模块耦合，得到云输送引起大气光化学组分的再分布，然后用一个包含详细气相化学反应机制的箱模式研究了云输送引起的气相体积分数的变化及其对大气化学系统产生的影响。结果表明，云输送后O3体积分数大于无云个例，但其后两天内两者的变化趋势相差不大；HNO3、NO2、NO3、PAN等的体积分数均明显高于无云个例，分别增长了87％、70％、62％和49％，其中NO2体积分数的增加主要由于云输送造成，而NO3、HNO3、PAN主要是输送对化学扰动的结果。两天内OH和HO2自由基体积分数比无云个例平均增长了13％和11％。 相似文献
13.
14.
Nathalie Poisson Maria Kanakidou Paul J. Crutzen 《Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry》2000,36(2):157-230
The impact of natural and anthropogenicnon-methane hydrocarbons (NMHC) on troposphericchemistry is investigated with the global,three-dimensional chemistry-transport model MOGUNTIA.This meteorologically simplified model allows theinclusion of a rather detailed scheme to describeNMHC oxidation chemistry. Comparing model resultscalculated with and without NMHC oxidation chemistryindicates that NMHC oxidation adds 40–60% to surfacecarbon monoxide (CO) levels over the continents andslightly less over the oceans. Free tropospheric COlevels increase by 30–60%. The overall yield of COfrom the NMHC mixture considered is calculated to beabout 0.4 CO per C atom. Organic nitrate formationduring NMHC oxidation, and their transport anddecomposition affect the global distribution of NO
x
and thereby O3 production. The impact of theshort-lived NMHC extends over the entire tropospheredue to the formation of longer-lived intermediateslike CO, and various carbonyl and carboxyl compounds.NMHC oxidation almost doubles the net photochemicalproduction of O3 in the troposphere and leads to20–80% higher O3 concentration inNO
x
-rich boundarylayers, with highest increases over and downwind ofthe industrial and biomass burning regions. Anincrease by 20–30% is calculated for the remotemarine atmosphere. At higher altitudes, smaller, butstill significant increases, in O3 concentrationsbetween 10 and 60% are calculated, maximizing in thetropics. NO from lightning also enhances the netchemical production of O3 by about 30%, leading to asimilar increase in the global mean OH radicalconcentration. NMHC oxidation decreases the OH radicalconcentrations in the continental boundary layer withlarge NMHC emissions by up to 20–60%. In the marineboundary layer (MBL) OH levels can increase in someregions by 10–20% depending on season and NO
x
levels.However, in most of the MBL OH will decrease by10–20% due to the increase in CO levels by NMHCoxidation chemistry. The large decreases especiallyover the continents strongly reduce the markedcontrasts in OHconcentrations between land and oceanwhich are calculated when only the backgroundchemistry is considered. In the middle troposphere, OHconcentrations are reduced by about 15%, although dueto the growth in CO. The overall effect of thesechanges on the tropospheric lifetime of CH4 is a 15%increase from 6.5 to 7.4 years. Biogenic hydrocarbonsdominate the impact of NMHC on global troposphericchemistry. Convection of hydrocarbon oxidationproducts: hydrogen peroxides and carbonyl compounds,especially acetone, is the main source of HO
x
in theupper troposphere. Convective transport and additionof NO from lightning are important for the O3 budgetin the free troposphere. 相似文献
15.
北京秋季地面O3的一维模式模拟研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
用一维光化学模式,基本模拟出静稳天气条件下2001年9月9日北京几个主要大气污染物种:O3、NO、NO2、CO以及SO2的日变化特点,并解释了影响O3及NO、NO2、CO和SO2日变化的控制因子作用。初步分析认为,地面O3对非甲烷碳氢化合物(NMHC)的变化很敏感。NMHC的增加或减少,将会造成O3的明显改变。造成9月9日夜间20:00~23:00一次污染物NO、CO和SO2浓度急剧升高的原因是由于夜间大气层结稳定情况下,大气的垂直扩散减弱,污染物在底层积累造成的。由于实际大气中,影响O3生成和损耗的机制很复杂,同时大气的平流输送是影响O3及其他污染物分布的重要因素,用一维模式虽然能够揭示出影响O3变化的几个因子的作用,但要深入分析O3产生和消耗机制,还需要用三维模式。 相似文献
16.
鼎湖山森林地区臭氧及其前体物的变化特征和分析 总被引：18，自引：2，他引：16
通过对鼎湖山森林地区近地面O3和NOx浓度、太阳辐射、气象参数等为期一年的观测和资料分析,给出了地面O3和NOx浓度、太阳辐射的变化规律及其相互之间的关系.地面O3、NOx、CO、SO2浓度以及紫外辐射、太阳总辐射等有明显的日变化和季节变化.不同因子对O3的敏感性试验结果表明,晴天和实际天气,O3浓度对NO、NO2浓度的变化最为敏感,其次是水汽、气溶胶,最后是紫外辐射.所有因子的变化均引起O3在湿季比干季更大的变化率,因此在研究臭氧化学和光化学时,应该考虑水汽以及OH自由基的重要作用.对于晴天和实际天气的逐时值和日平均值而言,O3浓度与NO2/NO之间存在很好的正相关关系,比值NO2/NO可以作为判断O3峰值出现的一个指标.O3极值的出现既受NO和NOx影响,也受气象因素(温湿度、云、风、雾、降雨)和辐射的影响.周末O3、NOx浓度及NO2/NO有规律的增大,表明实验地点的大气受到人为污染源的影响. 相似文献
17.
Between January 1984 and May 1987, C2 to C5 NMHC concentrations, and Radon-222 activities were measured at Amsterdam Island in the Indian Ocean. A large variability of about one order of magnitude was observed in the NMHC concentrations. Most of the samples were collected under marine influence. Using ethene as a reference compound for marine emissions, it appears that the NMHC/ethene composition of the air and its variability directly reflect the composition of dissolved gases in surface seawater. Only the ethane/ethene ratio presents a significant deviation from this typical composition and this can be attributed to a continental component. At sea level, the reation frequency of OH radicals with the NMHC is similar to that of methane and carbon monoxide. Thus, the contribution of marine NMHC should be taken into account in the modelling of oxidants in remote atmospheres. 相似文献
18.
应用大气光化学模式研究了日间影响NOx光化学转化率的主要物理化学因子.探讨了在不同NMHC/NOx比值时,NOx光化学特征及其转化产物的变化规律.结果表明,影响NOx转化率的主要因子是阳光辐射强度和NMHC/NOx比值.但在NMHC/NOx比值很低时,光强的增加并不能显著提高NOx转化率.温度和初始臭氧浓度对NOx转化率的影响次之.相对湿度对NOx转化率的影响较小.在不同NMHC/NOx比值下,NOx转化特征和产物有很大区别.NMHC/NOx比值高时,产物中PAN＞HNO3.NMHC/NOx比值中(低)时,产物主要是HNO3,PAN等有机氮不到10%(1%).最后初步比较了模拟和观测的NOy组成. 相似文献
19.
Yawei QU Tijian WANG Yanfeng CAI Shekou WANG Pulong CHEN Shu LI Mengmeng LI Cheng YUAN Jing WANG Shaocai XU 《大气科学进展》2018,35(11):1381-1395
Particulate matter with diameters of 2.5 μm or smaller(PM_(2.5)) and ozone(O_3) are major pollutants in the urban atmosphere. PM_(2.5) can affect O_3 by altering the photolysis rate and heterogeneous reactions. However, these two processes and their relative importance remain uncertain. In this paper, with Nanjing in China as the target city, we investigate the characteristics and mechanism of interactions between particles and O_3 based on ground observations and numerical modeling.In 2008, the average concentrations of PM_(2.5) and O_3 at Caochangmen station are 64.6 ± 47.4 μg m~(-3) and 24.6 ± 22.8 ppb,respectively, while at Pukou station they are 94.1 ± 63.4 μg m~(-3) and 16.9 ± 14.9 ppb. The correlation coefficient between PM_(2.5) and O_3 is -0.46. In order to understand the reaction between PM_(2.5) and O_3, we construct a box model, in which an aerosol optical property model, ultraviolet radiation model, gas phase chemistry model, and heterogeneous chemistry model,are coupled. The model is employed to investigate the relative contribution of the aforementioned two processes, which vary under different particle concentrations, scattering capability and VOCs/NOxratios(VOCs: volatile organic compounds;NOx: nitric oxide and nitrogen dioxide). Generally, photolysis rate effect can cause a greater O_3 reduction when the particle concentrations are higher, while heterogeneous reactions dominate O_3 reduction with low-level particle concentrations.Moreover, in typical VOC-sensitive regions, O_3 can even be increased by heterogeneous reactions. In Nanjing, both processes lead to O_3 reduction, and photolysis rate effect is dominant. Our study underscores the importance of photolysis rate effect and heterogeneous reactions for O_3, and such interaction processes should be fully considered in future atmospheric chemistry modeling. 相似文献