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1.
Aridity in Vojvodina, Serbia 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
Ivana Hrnjak Tin Lukić Milivoj B. Gavrilov Slobodan B. Marković Miroslava Unkašević Ivana Tošić 《Theoretical and Applied Climatology》2014,115(1-2):323-332
For investigating aridity in Vojvodina, two parameters were used: the De Martonne aridity index and the Pinna combinative index. These indices were chosen as the most suitable for the analysis of climate in Vojvodina (a region in northern part of Serbia). Also, these indices were calculated from data obtained from 10 meteorological stations for the period from 1949 to 2006. The spatial distribution of the annual and seasonal De Martonne and the Pinna combinative indices as well as the mean monthly values of the De Martonne index and aridity trends of these indices are presented. There were two, four, and five types of climate on a yearly, seasonal, and monthly basis in Vojvodina, according to the De Martonne climate classification which consists of a total of seven types. In addition, semi-humid and humid climate types were represented in the region, on a yearly basis. The winter season was dominated by wetter types of climate, while the summer season was characterized by drier ones. During the spring and autumn seasons, there were types of climate which range between both aforementioned types. Two out of three climate types, which can be identified using the Pinna combinative index, were registered in Vojvodina region. The most dominant climate type was the semidry Mediterranean with formal Mediterranean vegetation, while the humid type was only identified in one small part of southwestern Vojvodina. The calculated values of both aridity indices showed that there were no annual trends. Therefore, it can be considered that there were no recent aridity changes during the observed period. For paleoclimate, the general story is more complex. The lack of aridity trends in the recent period from 1949 to 2006 supports the fact that Vojvodina has very well preserved loess–palaeosol sequences from the Middle and Late Pleistocene, which indicates that crucial point for their preservation was caused by the weak aridity variability in the region. 相似文献
2.
In this study, we apply De Martonne and Pinna combinative indices to analyze the aridity in Central Serbia. Our dataset consists of mean monthly surface air temperature (MMT) and mean monthly precipitation (MMP) for 26 meteorological stations during the period 1949–2015. MMT and MMP are used for calculating monthly, seasonal, and annual aridity indices for period of 66 years. According to the De Martonne climate classification, we determine five, three, and four types of climate on the monthly, seasonal, and annual basis, respectively. During the observed period, winter was extremely humid, spring and autumn were humid, and summer was semi-humid. Humid and semi-humid climate with Mediterranean vegetation are identified by the annual Pinna combinative index. We find that there is no change in aridity trend in Central Serbia for the period 1949–2015. Aridity indices are additionally compared with the North Atlantic Oscillation and El-Niño South Oscillation in order to establish a possible connection with the large-scale processes. Results are further compared with several earlier studies of aridity in Serbia. With this study, the analysis of aridity in whole Serbia has become complete. 相似文献
3.
B. Shifteh Some’e Azadeh Ezani Hossein Tabari 《Theoretical and Applied Climatology》2013,111(1-2):149-160
The spatiotemporal trends of aridity index in the arid and semi-arid regions of Iran in 1966–2005 were investigated using the Mann–Kendall test and Theil–Sen’s slope estimator. The results of the analysis showed negative trends in annual aridity index at 55 % of the stations, while just one site had a statistically significant (α?=?0.1) negative trend. Furthermore, the positive trends in the annual aridity index series were significant at the 95 % confidence level at Bushehr and Isfahan stations. The significant negative trend in the annual aridity index was obtained over Mashhad at the rate of ?0.004. In the seasonal series, the negative trends in the spring and winter aridity index were larger compared with those in the other seasonal series. A noticeable decrease in the winter aridity index series was observed mostly in the southeast of the study area. In the summer and autumn aridity index, two significant positive trends were found. 相似文献
4.
利用喜马拉雅山脉中段南、北两侧6个气象站1971-2007年逐月气温、降水资料,分析了该地区气候变化趋势、异常及突变特征。结果表明：喜马拉雅山脉中段南、北两侧年、季平均气温均呈明显上升趋势,冬半年升温幅度大于夏半年。年及夏半年平均气温均为随年代升高趋势,而冬半年气温在20世纪80年代较70年代略偏低,90年代后又逐渐升高。21世纪前7 a升温最为显著,较20世纪70年代升高0.6～1.1℃。1997年该地区南侧年平均气温发生突变,突变后增温趋势更加明显。20世纪90年代末以来,异常偏暖年份出现的几率明显增加,且南侧多于北侧。喜马拉雅山脉中段北侧年及冬夏半年降水均呈增多趋势。南侧年和夏半年降水呈减少趋势,冬半年为增多趋势。降水异常出现在20世纪80、90年代,21世纪后降水出现异常的概率明显减少。近40 a,北侧气候具有暖湿化趋势;南侧冬半年与之类似,但夏半年及全年呈暖干化趋势。 相似文献
5.
Spatiotemporal distribution of aridity indices based on temperature and precipitation in the extra-Carpathian regions of Romania 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
Adina-Eliza Croitoru Adrian Piticar Alexandru Mircea Imbroane Doina Cristina Burada 《Theoretical and Applied Climatology》2013,112(3-4):597-607
In the last decades, droughts are a recurrent phenomena in many regions of the world, especially in the subtropics and mid-latitudes, affecting more and more the society. Aridity indices are often used to identify regions prone to that phenomenon. In this paper, we used data recorded in 30 locations in the extra-Carpathian areas of Romania over the period 1961–2007. The De Martonne aridity index (I DM) and the Pinna combinative index (I P) were employed in order to identify critical areas in the most important agricultural regions of the country. Monthly, seasonal, annual, and winter wheat and maize growing season datasets of I DM and annual values of I P were calculated. The trends were identified using the Mann–Kendall test and Sen’s slope, while ordinary Kriging technique was employed for interpolation. The main findings are that the most vulnerable to semi-aridity are the southeastern regions, especially during the warm period of the year, and that for Romania, the use of I DM is more appropriate compared to I P. 相似文献
6.
B. Ashraf R. Yazdani M. Mousavi-Baygi M. Bannayan 《Theoretical and Applied Climatology》2014,118(1-2):35-46
The aim of this research is to study the spatial and temporal variability of aridity in Iran, through analysis of temperature and precipitation trends during the 48-year period of 1961–2008. In this study, four different aridity criteria have been used to investigate the aridity situation. These aridity indexes included Lang’s index or rain factor, Budyko index or radiational index of dryness, UNEP aridity index, and Thornthwaite moisture index. The results of the analysis indicated that the highest and lowest mean temperatures occurred in July and January respectively in all locations. Among the study locations, Ahvaz with 37.1 °C and Kermanshah with 20.2 °C has the highest and lowest in July. For January, the highest was 12.4 °C for Ahvaz and the lowest was ?4.5 °C for Hamedan and Kermanshah together. The range of monthly mean temperature of study locations indicated that the maximum and minimum difference between day and night temperatures, almost in all study locations, occurred in September and January, respectively, and the highest and lowest fluctuation of temperature was observed in Kerman and Tehran. The temperature anomalies showed that the most significant increasing temperature occurred at the beginning of twenty-first century (2000–2008) in all locations. The long-term mean of monthly rainfall showed that, in most study locations, the maximum and minimum of mean precipitation occurred in winter and summer, respectively. Rasht with 1,355 mm had the highest and Yazd with 55 mm had the lowest of total precipitation compared with other locations. According to precipitation anomalies, all locations experienced dry and wet periods, but generally dry periods occurred more often especially in the beginning of twenty-first century. According to applied different aridity indexes, all the study locations often experienced semi-arid to arid climate, severe water deficit to desert climate, arid to hyperarid climate, and semi-arid climate during the study period. 相似文献
7.
Clóvis Angeli Sansigolo Mary Toshie Kayano 《Theoretical and Applied Climatology》2010,101(1-2):209-216
Long-term variations of monthly average maximum and minimum temperature (TMAX and TMIN) and precipitation records in southern Brazil are investigated for the 1913–2006 period. These variations are carefully analyzed for seasonal and annual indices, taken as regional averages. For this purpose, the serial correlation and trend of the indices are investigated using the run and Mann–Kendall tests. The significant trends are obtained from linear least-square fits. The annual and seasonal TMIN indices show significant warming trends with magnitudes (1.7°C per 100 years for annual index) comparable to those reported by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, but lower than those found for the southern Brazil in another previous work. Regarding the two other variables, the indices show significant trends only for summer, being a cooling trend of 0.6°C per 100 years for the TMAX and an increasing trend of 93 mm per 100 years over an average summer precipitation of 367 mm. Concerning the decadal analysis, the 1920s present the lowest annual, autumn, and spring TMIN and the 1990s, the highest ones. The 1970s is the decade with the lowest summer TMAX, and the 1940s the decade with the highest one. The driest decade is the 1940s and the wettest, the 1980s. 相似文献
8.
Non-parametric trend analysis of the aridity index for three large arid and semi-arid basins in Iran 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
Hossien Ahani Mehrzad Kherad Mohammad Reza Kousari Lieke van Roosmalen Ramin Aryanfar Seyyed Mashaallah Hosseini 《Theoretical and Applied Climatology》2013,112(3-4):553-564
Currently, an important scientific challenge that researchers are facing is to gain a better understanding of climate change at the regional scale, which can be especially challenging in an area with low and highly variable precipitation amounts such as Iran. Trend analysis of the medium-term change using ground station observations of meteorological variables can enhance our knowledge of the dominant processes in an area and contribute to the analysis of future climate projections. Generally, studies focus on the long-term variability of temperature and precipitation and to a lesser extent on other important parameters such as moisture indices. In this study the recent 50-year trends (1955–2005) of precipitation (P), potential evapotranspiration (PET), and aridity index (AI) in monthly time scale were studied over 14 synoptic stations in three large Iran basins using the Mann–Kendall non-parametric test. Additionally, an analysis of the monthly, seasonal and annual trend of each parameter was performed. Results showed no significant trends in the monthly time series. However, PET showed significant, mostly decreasing trends, for the seasonal values, which resulted in a significant negative trend in annual PET at five stations. Significant negative trends in seasonal P values were only found at a number of stations in spring and summer and no station showed significant negative trends in annual P. Due to the varied positive and negative trends in annual P and to a lesser extent PET, almost as many stations with negative as positive trends in annual AI were found, indicating that both drying and wetting trends occurred in Iran. Overall, the northern part of the study area showed an increasing trend in annual AI which meant that the region became wetter, while the south showed decreasing trends in AI. 相似文献
9.
为了全面把握20世纪80年代以来中国生态脆弱区气候变化的特征,利用基于全国2000多个站点的格点化逐月资料,对中国典型生态脆弱区1980～2014年的日平均气温、日最高和最低气温、降水、相对湿度、风速和蒸发皿蒸发量的变化特征进行了分析。结果表明:（1）中国生态脆弱区日平均气温、日最高和最低气温几乎都呈上升趋势;日平均气温增幅北方大于南方;北方生态脆弱区日平均气温、日最高和最低气温、南方生态脆弱区日最低气温的季节增幅多为春季最大,秋季或冬季最小。（2）全区平均降水变化趋势不明显;生态脆弱区降水距平百分率春季多为增长趋势,夏季多为减少趋势,秋、冬季和年北方多为增长趋势,南方多为减少趋势。（3）相对湿度以减少趋势为主,只有黄土高原南部脆弱区秋、冬季和干旱半干旱区脆弱区冬季相对湿度距平百分率的趋势为正,这几个正值区同时也是降水增长大值区。（4）风速基本为减少趋势,春季减少趋势最大。（5）全区平均蒸发皿蒸发量春、夏季和年为减少趋势,冬季为增长趋势;北方生态脆弱区蒸发皿蒸发量四季和年多呈减少趋势;南方生态脆弱区蒸发皿蒸发量春、夏季以减少趋势为主,秋、冬季和年呈增长趋势。 相似文献
10.
Spatial changes of Extended De Martonne climatic zones affected by climate change in Iran 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
Jaber Rahimi Meisam Ebrahimpour Ali Khalili 《Theoretical and Applied Climatology》2013,112(3-4):409-418
In order to better understand the effect associated with global climate change on Iran’s climate condition, it is important to quantify possible shifts in different climatic types in the future. To this end, monthly mean minimum and maximum temperature, and precipitation from 181 synoptic meteorological stations (average 1970–2005) have been collected from the meteorological organization of Iran. In this paper, to study spatial changes of Iran’s climatic zones affected by climate changes, Extended De Martonne’s classification (originally formulated by De Martonne and extended by Khalili (1992)) was used. Climate change scenarios were simulated in two future climates (average conditions during the 2050s and the 2080s) under each of the SRES A1B and A2, for the CSIRO-MK3, HadCM3, and CGCM3 climate models. Coarse outputs of GCMs were downscaled by delta method. We produced all maps for three time periods (one for the current and two for the future) according to Extended De Martonne’s classification. Finally, for each climatic zone, changes between the current and the future were compared. As the main result, simulated changes indicate shifts to warmer and drier zones. For example, in the current, extra arid-cold (A1.1m2) climate is covering the largest area of the country (21.4 %), whereas in both A1B and A2 scenarios in the 2050s and the 2080s, extra arid-moderate (A1.1m3) and extra arid-warm (A1.1m4) will be the climate and will occupy the largest area of the country, about 21 and 38 %, respectively. This analysis suggests that the global climate change will have a profound effect on the future distribution of severe aridity in Iran. 相似文献
11.
采用FAO Penman-Monteith模型, 并利用安徽省辐射观测资料对其净辐射项进行修正, 计算近30年安徽省的参考作物蒸散量。用此计算值和相应时段的降水量计算干燥度 (Ia), 并进行了基于干燥度指标不同时间尺度的区域地表干湿状况变化分析。分析表明:1971—2000年安徽省年干燥度平均值Ia=1的等值线为湿润区和半湿润区的分界线, 该分界线与1000 mm的年雨量线有很好的一致性, 同时也具有清晰的农业意义。20世纪70—90年代Ia=1的等值线南北波动, 其波动区域正是安徽省江淮分水岭易旱区。在此基础上分析了半湿润区、波动区域和湿润区降水量、参考作物蒸散量和干燥度年代际、年际和半年际的变化趋势及变异率以及逐月干旱频率及其对农业的影响。 相似文献
12.
A dataset of air temperature and precipitation time series (1959?C2008) from 61 stations across Shanxi, China is used to analyze the climate change. The monotonic trends and step (abrupt) trends for annual and seasonal series data of mean air temperature and total precipitation are tested by using Mann?CKendall test and Mann?CWhitney test, respectively. The results show that annual mean air temperature has increased by 1.20°C during the past 50?years. Winter, spring, and autumn have experienced a significant increase in air temperature. The step trend for annual mean air temperature is different from, but closely related with, those for seasonal mean air temperature. Spatially, there is an enhanced warming trend from south to north in Shanxi, and the most remarkable warming occurs in northern Shanxi. Annual precipitation has decreased by 99.20?mm during the past half century. The decrease is mainly caused by precipitation decline in rainy season (June?CSeptember), though precipitation in post-rainy season (October?CNovember) also tended to decrease. An abrupt decrease in precipitation has occurred since late 1970s. Decrease in precipitation is highest in central Shanxi and in the area along the west fringe between Sanchuan River and Fenhe River in western Shanxi. 相似文献
13.
长江中下游气候的长期变化及基本态特征 总被引：21，自引：9，他引：21
研究了1885年以来，我国长江中下游四季及年降水量，四季及年平均气温的长期变化，指出长江中下游四个季及年的总降水量（平均气温）都是正的趋势，但有季节的差异，春季是升温同时增雨最显著的季节，还研究了我国长江中下游降水与气温的气候基本态及气候变率的特征及时间演变规律，指出，60年代以后夏季气温变化的异常程度几乎比以前大了一倍，在冬季，近期在暖背景下的冬季气温变率变小的特征表明长江中下游可能出现持续发暖冬特征，还指出，80年代后我国的长江中下游存季降水处于高基本态与高气候变率时段，应注意频繁发生的夏季洪涝灾害，研究还指出，长江中下游夏季降水与印度季风的气候基本态反相关密切，印度季风及东亚夏季风与长江中下游夏季气温变化在各种尺度上有明显的正相关。 相似文献
14.
Rainfall erosivity, which shows a potential risk of soil loss caused by water erosion, is an important factor in soil erosion process. In consideration of the critical condition of soil erosion induced by rainfall in Guangdong Province of southern China, this study analyzed the spatial and temporal variations in rainfall erosivity based on daily rainfall data observed at 25 meteorological stations during the period of 1960–2011. The methods of global spatial autocorrelation, kriging interpolation, Mann–Kendall test, and continuous wavelet transform were used. Results revealed that the annual rainfall erosivity in Guangdong Province, which spatially varied with the maximum level observed in June, was classified as high erosivity with two peaks that occur in spring and summer. In the direction of south–north, mean annual rainfall erosivity, which showed significant relationships with mean annual rainfall and latitude, gradually decreased with the high values mainly distributed in the coastal area and the low values mainly occurring in the lowlands of northwestern Guangdong. Meanwhile, a significant positive spatial autocorrelation which implied a clustered pattern was observed for annual rainfall erosivity. The spatial distribution of seasonal rainfall erosivity exhibited clustering tendencies, except spring erosivity with Moran’s I and Z values of 0.1 and 1.04, respectively. The spatial distribution of monthly rainfall erosivity presented clustered patterns in January–March and July–October as well as random patterns in the remaining months. The temporal trend of mean rainfall erosivity in Guangdong Province showed no statistically significant trend at the annual, seasonal, and monthly scales. However, at each station, 1 out of 25 stations exhibited a statistically significant trend at the annual scale; 4 stations located around the Pearl River Delta presented significant trends in summer at the seasonal scale; significant trends were observed in March (increasing trends at 3 stations), June (increasing trends at 4 stations located in the Beijiang River Basin), and October (decreasing trends at 4 stations) at the monthly scale. In accordance with the mean annual rainfall over Guangdong Province, the mean annual rainfall erosivity showed two significant periodicities of 3–6 and 10–12 years at a confidence level of 95 %. In conclusion, the results of this study provide insights into the spatiotemporal variation in rainfall erosivity in Guangdong Province and support for agrolandscape planning and water and soil conservation efforts in this region. 相似文献
15.
Climatic trends in Israel during the period 1970–2002 were studied in detail on the basis of three parameters: average annual temperature, annual precipitation and the annual aridity (humidity) index P/PET (P = Precipitation; PET = Potential Evapotranspiration). Significant warming is evident in all 12 evaluated meteorological stations, situated in different parts of Israel. Along the Mediterranean coast, the average annual precipitation and P/PET values remained more or less at the same level. However, more inland, both eastward and southward, precipitation and P/PET trends are declining, indicating increased aridity. Eilat, Beer Sheva and Sedom Pans, situated in the desert, showed the most significant increase in aridity among the 12 meteorological stations we investigated. The relationship between changes in temperature and precipitation showed a negative correlation in all cases except for Eilat, the southernmost and driest part of Israel. The negative correlations for Negba, Kefar Blum, Har Kena’an, Beer Sheva and Sedom Pans are statistically significant. In conclusion, the climate in Israel has become more arid in most regions, except for the coastal plain. 相似文献
16.
利用1961—2008年昆山市气温、降水量和日照时数等主要气象要素资料,通过线性趋势方程、滑动平均等统计方法,探讨了近48 a昆山市气候变化特征。结果表明：昆山市年平均气温和四季平均气温均呈升高趋势,其中春季增温最明显,冬季次之;年平均最低气温的增温速度高于最高气温;降水量总体呈略上升趋势,冬、夏两季降水量增加明显,春、秋季降水量则呈减小趋势,但不显著,降水年际变化幅度较大;年总日照时数和各季日照时数均呈下降趋势,其中尤以夏季减少最明显。 相似文献
17.
明确气候变化背景下大兴安岭林区气候干湿状况特征,揭示其对森林火灾的影响,可为该区域森林火灾管理和森林资源保护提供科学依据。基于大兴安岭林区1974—2016年标准化降水指数（SPI）,采用统计分析和对比分析方法,系统研究不同干湿情景对森林火灾发生次数及过火面积的影响,并讨论不同等级干旱对其影响的异同性。结果表明:1974—2016年,年、季尺度上大兴安岭林区气候均呈湿润化趋势。森林火灾发生次数多（少）和过火面积大（小）与气候的干湿状况（等级）基本一致,但森林火灾的发生次数与气候干湿状况相关更为密切。年尺度上,SPI与火灾次数呈负相关,与过火面积的自然对数则呈较弱的负相关;季尺度上,各季节SPI与对应的林火次数和过火面积自然对数均呈显著的负相关,但与过火面积的相关程度差异较大,以春季相关最为显著,秋季次之,夏季则相对较弱;不同季节SPI与年林火次数和过火面积自然对数呈负相关,前一年冬季SPI对当年火灾次数的贡献最大。可见,气候干湿状况对森林火灾的影响存在明显的滞后效应。SPI不仅能较好地反映区域气候的干湿状况,亦能较好地指示森林火灾发生的可能性及发生火灾的过火面积的相对变化情况,可为森林火灾预测和管理提供科学依据。 相似文献
18.
Climate indices are the diagnostic tools used to define the state of climate system. The main objective of this study was to investigate the climate index change in future time periods in the upper Baro basin of Ethiopia. The daily precipitation and maximum and minimum temperature data were downscaled using Statistical Downscaling Model (SDSM). The precipitation and temperature data were estimated according to UK Hadley Centre Coupled Model version 3 (HadCM3) global circulation model with medium-high (A2) and medium-low emission (B2) scenarios in three future time interval periods. The De Martonne Aridity Index and Pinna Combinative Index change of the future time periods centered at 2020s, 2050s, and 2080s was computed. The analysis was based on percentage change between the baseline and three future time periods. The monthly De Martonne Aridity Index result showed that there are months in the dry season classified as semi-dry with value of less than 20 and the land needs irrigation in these months. The Pinna Combinative Index value also showed the same trend like that of the De Martonne Aridity Index and a high correlation coefficient was noticed, verifying similar trend of the two indices for the three future time period changes. Overall, humidity is expected to decrease in most of the months in the three future time periods for both A2 and B2 emission scenarios because of the increment of temperature in the future. 相似文献
19.
利用1961—2005年拉萨0.8 m, 1.6 m和3.2 m逐月平均地温, 采用气候倾向率、累积距平、信噪比等气候诊断方法, 分析了近45年拉萨深层平均地温的变化趋势, 以及异常、突变等气候特征。结果表明:近45年拉萨0.8 m和1.6 m年平均地温呈极显著的增温趋势, 倾向率为 (0.58~0.69 ℃)/10a;0.8 m和1.6 m平均地温倾向率春季最大, 秋季最小; 3.2 m平均地温却以夏季升幅最大, 冬季最小; 与同时期平均气温的增温幅度比较, 地温增幅更大; 20世纪60—90年代0.8 m和1.6 m年平均地温呈明显的逐年代升高趋势; 季平均地温20世纪60—70年代均偏低, 80年代大部分季节仍略偏低, 90年代都表现为正距平; 0.8 m, 1.6 m和3.2 m年平均地温均在1999年出现了异常偏暖, 异常偏冷现象仅发生在1.6 m土层上, 时间为1963年; 夏季深层平均地温异常偏暖均发生在1999年; 冬季0.8 m和1.6 m平均地温多异常偏冷年份, 主要发生在20世纪60年代; 1999, 2002—2005年冬季3.2 m平均地温异常偏暖; 夏、秋季和年平均地温的气候突变都出现在1986年, 冬、春季发生在1983年。 相似文献
20.
青藏高原与中国其他地区气候突变时间的比较 总被引：25，自引：5，他引：20
基于1961～2006年中国地面观测气温和降水资料,对青藏高原地区以及中国其他6个地区地表气温、降水的变化趋势和突变时间进行了检测和比较。结果发现,(1)地表气温:1961～2006年青藏高原地区年和四季的地表气温都呈增加趋势。年平均地表气温在20世纪80年代中期开始变暖,但显著快速增暖的突变发生在90年代中期,该时间比东北、华北、西北和淮河地区晚,与长江中下游和华南地区接近,不同季节青藏高原地区与其他地区变暖突变时间的差别也各有不同,但所有季节快速变暖突变的时间都比东北地区晚,中国东部陆地地区年和冬季平均地表气温表现出北早南晚的经向差异;(2)降水:1961～2006年青藏高原地区年降水量没有检测到显著的变化趋势,冬春降水量显著增加,而夏季降水有微弱的减少,秋季降水显著减少。降水突变的信号明显比温度突变的信号弱,年降水量和春季降水都没有检测到突变的发生,降水突变方向(增或减)和突变时间在区域与区域之间以及不同季节之间都存在较大差异。由上可见,青藏高原气候的显著快速变化比中国东部长江以北地区有明显的滞后现象,尤其是冬春温度变化,这可能是由于青藏高原地区积雪增加导致的反照率增加和冰川融化吸热对青藏高原变暖的减弱作用所致。 相似文献