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1.
在山东省德州市首次探明国内稀有含碘饮用天然矿泉水──“中华碘泉”。研究表明,矿泉水是在新生代断陷盆地发育的构造背景和弱碱氧化的水文地球化学环境条件下,地下水与陆相沉积含水介质长期水岩反应中经溶滤形成的,属古老埋藏型封存水;矿泉水水量丰富、水质优良,为含碘小苏打型矿泉水,但氟含量偏高;为合理开发这一宝贵资源,可采用规模化含碘矿泉水的技术工艺来开发。 相似文献
2.
海蚀作用会诱发各种地质灾害,为研究青岛崂山地区的海蚀作用,本研究通过野外踏勘取样、岩石手标本鉴定和偏光显微镜下薄片鉴定分析等方法,分析了岩石学和构造特征对海蚀作用的影响,并以石老人地区为例分析了海蚀地貌的特征,探讨了崂山地区的海蚀地貌分布特征及影响因素。结果表明:崂山海岸基岩为I-A型复合花岗岩。抗海蚀能力最强的是白垩系莱阳群砂岩,其次为白垩系青山群火山岩和石英二长岩,再次为碱性花岗岩,黑云二长岩最弱。断裂构造破坏岩石稳定性,促进了海蚀作用;石老人地区以流纹岩为主,在海蚀崖后退过程中,安山岩的侵入体保留下来,形成了石老人海蚀柱;崂山地区发育多种海蚀地貌,受到海浪作用、气温条件、盐类结晶以及生物作用等外部因素影响。 相似文献
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构造地貌是指由新构造运动直接形成的一种动态的、积极活跃的地貌类型。南海南部海域新构造运动强烈,类型众多,它们是控制海底构造地貌形成和发育的主要内动力因素。根据地质地球物理资料,对该区区域构造沉降、海底扩张、断裂作用、褶皱作用和火山活动等新构造运动类型及其形成的构造地貌进行了分析。区域构造沉降形成规模较大的构造台地、深水阶地和陆坡盆地等;海底扩张形成西南海盆、中央海盆及其内部的众多构造地貌类型;断裂作用形成断层崖、断阶、海底谷、断块山、断陷盆地等;褶皱作用形成山地和挤压构造盆地;火山作用形成海山、海丘。 相似文献
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《海洋地质前沿》2021,37(9)
青岛崂山周边地区构造断裂及花岗岩风化壳发育,具有开发矿泉水的潜力。在崂山周边实施14口水文井,分析区域水文地质特征,发现主要水文地质问题集中在河流中下游人类活动较频繁的地区,工农业污染导致地下水硝酸根等超标,近海区域存在海(咸)水入侵现象。在蓝色硅谷区发现一处矿泉水后备选区,该点位于花岗岩风化壳内,水化学类型为HCO_3·SO_4-Ca·Na,微量元素锶含量为0.66 mg/L,偏硅酸含量为25.49 mg/L,均高于饮用天然矿泉水最低标准。矿泉水的形成主要与崂山地区地质环境特征及岩石矿物组成等因素密切相关,花岗岩中的二氧化硅和锶在长期水岩作用下融入水中,最终形成偏硅酸-锶复合型矿泉水。 相似文献
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以胶南构造混杂岩带中榴辉岩的围岩——套程度不同的糜棱岩化岩石为研究对象,重点研究了其显微形变的结构特征及环境意义、石英组构特征及动力学信息,并讨论其形成的古构造环境和构造机制。 相似文献
6.
研究了喀拉海陆架沉积物的物理性质，该陆架沉积在很大程度上受制于沉积物沉积的自然环境，沉积物的物理性质形成条件及其性质的多样性是由许多因素决定的，其中主要是气候，新构造和古地理条件。物理性质的时间和空间在很大程度上由陆架地貌格局和物质沉积的具体条件所控制，沉积物成因类型和沉积相（环境）之间是协调一致的。 相似文献
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青岛马山地区安山玢岩地球化学特征及成因机理研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
青岛马山地区安山玢岩为浅成-超浅成侵入相,具有中性向酸性过渡特征。通过岩石的主量元素和微量元素分析可知岩石富集K、Ba、Th、LREE和Pb,亏损Hf。元素的化学指数显示岩石的分异结晶程度较高,岩石属于安山岩类。岩石的地球化学特征表明岩石具有火山弧钙碱性火山岩的一般特征,其构造环境可能属于大陆边缘弧环境。 相似文献
8.
福建海坛海峡峡道动力地貌研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
从海坛海峡的形成演变规律、水动力条件、海底地形地貌及沉积特征等方面分析了海坛海峡的动力地貌特征．研究结果表明，海坛海峡峡道效应明显，因受海峡周边地形影响，区域内水动力环境及地形地貌变化复杂，分别在海峡两侧不同区域发育着岩滩、沙滩和泥滩3种地貌，在海底中发育着水下浅滩、潮流脊系和潮流三角洲3种地貌．海峡南北出口位置及海峡海底深槽海域水动力强，两侧岸滩、海滩发育，水下冲刷槽发育明显，处于弱冲刷状态，海底分布粗粒沉积物．海峡港湾内水动力弱，潮滩较发育，处于稳定至弱淤积状态，海底分布细粒沉积物． 相似文献
9.
桂北元宝山地区镁铁超镁铁质岩主要属于钙碱性和拉斑岩系,岩石的SiO2和MgO含量变化范围较大。在原始地慢标准化曲线上显示右倾特征,Sr,Hf元素中等亏损。元素的稀土配分曲线亦显示右倾,具有Yb正异常特征,这是弧火山岩的明显特征。从主元素及微量元素分析岩石的构造环境并不单一,其成因可能与小型洋中脊闭合有关,即板块会聚岩浆作用的产物,而非地慢柱岩浆作用的产物。 相似文献
10.
崂山的寒冻风化地貌和风蚀地貌及其古环境意义和旅游价值 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
崂山的寒冻风化地貌和风蚀地貌，是未次冰期较湿冷和干冷气候条件下的产物，具有重要的古环境意义．同时，它们也形成了很多奇特的山岩景观，具有很高的旅游价值． 相似文献
11.
沉积盆地内能够形成天然气水合物的先决条件包括：富含分散有机质的沉积物中充有地下水、深水区的水动力处于滞流状态、存在生物成因的气体、压力与温度具有特定的相关关系等。许多科学家提出天然气水合物主要有两种成因机制：（1）先存天然气田因温度或孔隙压力的有利变化而转变为天然气水合物；（2）微生物成因气或热成因气从下部运移至天然气水合物稳定带。 相似文献
12.
为了探讨琼东南盆地华光凹陷海底天然气水合物稳定带的分布规律，定量研究了静水压力、底水温度、地温梯度和气源组分对水合物稳定带的影响程度。在此基础上，分析了华光凹陷现今甲烷水合物稳定带的厚度分布。最后，综合各因素的历史演化过程，初步探讨了华光凹陷1.05 Ma BP以来天然气水合物稳定带的演化。结果表明:(1)气源组分和海底温度的变化对研究区内水合物稳定带的影响较大；水合物稳定带厚度与海底温度呈良好的线性负相关性。(2)水深超过600 m的海域具备形成天然气水合物的温压条件；超过600 m水深的海域水合物稳定带厚度大部分超过 100 m，其中西北部稳定带的最大厚度超过300 m，是有利的水合物勘探区。(3)华光凹陷1.05 Ma BP以来天然气水合物稳定带厚度经历了快速增厚–窄幅变化–快速减薄和恢复的过程。麻坑群与水合物稳定变化敏感区在空间上具有较好的叠合关系。结合前人的研究成果，推测其形成与天然气水合物的分解释放有关。 相似文献
13.
冲绳海槽中南部及其邻近陆架悬浮体的分布、组成和影响因子分析 总被引：7，自引：3，他引：7
初夏冲绳海槽中南部海域悬浮体含量的分布特点为:表层水体中部海区高,南北海区低;中底层水体自南西至北东由低至高.从陆架到海槽断面的悬浮体含量分布为陆架最高值区、陆坡最低值区和海槽低值区.悬浮体组成包括矿物岩石碎屑、生物骨屑以及絮凝体.矿物岩石碎屑主要分布在陆架区中、下层水体,生物骨屑主要分布在海槽区(整个水层)和陆架区上层水体,絮凝体在研究区都有分布.海槽区与陆架区的悬浮体含量垂直分布和组分特征具有明显的差异.研究区悬浮体分布和组成主要受控于黑潮对陆架物质向冲绳海槽输送的阻隔、生物生产量以及地形、地理环境. 相似文献
14.
This case study demonstrates how natural heterogeneities of formation and injection waters can be applied to a number of production related applications, extending into the mature life of a reservoir. Break-through of injection water, identification and characterisation of production intervals and evaluation of responses to operational events are some of the possible applications during production.The Oseberg Øst oil field in the North Sea represents a complex situation with commingled production from all Brent Group formations. The Sr isotope composition is an excellent parameter for defining the natural baseline of formation water, with a good spatial resolution and vertical stratification. Aquifer water from the Utsira Formation is injected for pressure support, and reinjection of produced water has also been applied since the onset of water production. Utsira Formation water has high Mg, low Ba and low Sr content compared to the reservoir formation waters. Isotopic compositions (δD and 87Sr/86Sr) are also distinct. A non-reactive behaviour of Ba and Sr is verified from binary cross-plots and geochemical modelling. Break-through of injection water could be identified in five production wells based on Ba/Mg ratios. In one of the reservoir compartments (Beta Saddle), water injection points were changed after approximately three years. The Ba/Mg ratio could also identify the second injection water break-through in one of the wells due to an intermediate period of higher formation water content. Since the Sr content in the Utsira water is low, the 87Sr/86Sr ratio is a good natural tracer for formation water movements even at high ratios of injected water. In particular, the vertical stratification of 87Sr/86Sr is useful for quantifying production from different intervals in commingled wells. A methodology for using operational events, such as production allocations or shut-ins, for characterisation of production zones is discussed. 相似文献
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16.
土地潜力评价是编制土地利用规划的前提,把握土地的潜在经济效能是城镇化、工业化快速推进背景下土地资源合理配置的重要命题。本文甄选自然条件、生态敏感性、经济发展和空间结构指标建立了土地发展潜力评价体系,分别采用模糊综合评价法与网络层次分析法赋权指标体系与计算权重,测度发展潜力值并划分了杭州湾南岸余姚、慈溪和镇海的海岸带土地发展潜力区。结果显示:(1)低发展潜力区面积为237.14 km2,占比为17.73%;中发展潜力区面积为323.08 km2,占比为24.15%;高发展潜力区面积为473.34 km2,占比为35.38%;极高发展潜力区面积为304.27 km2,比例为22.74%。(2)按照地类的级别面积分析,交通运输用地和自然保留地面积在极高潜力区中达到峰值,呈由高向低等级面积递减态势;耕地、其他农用地、城乡建设用地和其他建设用地在高潜力区中占比最大,且基本布局于极高、高潜力区;园地、河流水面、水利建设用地集中于中潜力区,而沿海滩涂与林地基本分布于低、中潜力区。(3)余姚、慈溪和镇海海岸带土地发展潜力分区呈现不同特点,余姚属于待提升型,慈溪为均衡发展型,镇海是高质发展潜力型。 相似文献
17.
In order to investigate the response of authigenic minerals to gas hydrate geo-systems, the biogeochemical processes and its induced mineralization were predicted by employing the comprehensive reactive transport modeling approach. Based on the available data extracted from the northern continental slope area of the South China Sea, a 1-D vertical column model was developed. Three cases with different upward methane flux rates and three cases with different mineral compositions, i.e., a total of six cases were designed to investigate the effects of variations in the depth of sulfate methane transition zone (SMTZ) and in the mineral composition on the formation of authigenic minerals. The simulation results indicate that the SMTZ depth influenced by both the upward methane flux rate and the initial composition played an important role in the formation of authigenic minerals. The AOM reaction is intensive at the interface, and the precipitation amount of calcite is large, which is mainly controlled by AOM. When the methane leakage rate is 20 times higher than the base case, aragonite starts to precipitate. During the simulation, oligoclase, k-feldspar, smectite-Na, smectite-Ca, chlorite dissolved. Our study specific to this area as a starting point may provide a quantitative approach for investigating carbonate and pyrite formation in hydrate-bearing sediments accounting for methane oxidation and sulfate reduction. The method presented here and the model built in this study can be used for other sites with similar conditions. In addition, this study may serve as an indication for the potential natural gas hydrate reservoir in depth, and is also significant for marine carbon and sulfur cycle. 相似文献
18.
《Marine Geology》2006,225(1-4):191-208
The pore water chemistry of mud volcanoes from the Olimpi Mud Volcano Field and the Anaximander Mountains in the eastern Mediterranean Sea have been studied for three major purposes: (1) modes and velocities of fluid transport were derived to assess the role of (upward) advection, and bioirrigation for benthic fluxes. (2) Differences in the fluid chemistry at sites of Milano mud volcano (Olimpi area) were compiled in a map to illustrate the spatial heterogeneity reflecting differences in fluid origin and transport in discrete conduits in near proximity. (3) Formation water temperatures of seeping fluids were calculated from theoretical geothermometers to predict the depth of fluid origin and geochemical reactions in the deeper subsurface.No indications for downward advection as required for convection cells have been found. Instead, measured pore water profiles have been simulated successfully by accounting for upward advection and bioirrigation. Advective flow velocities are found to be generally moderate (3–50 cm y− 1) compared to other cold seep areas. Depth-integrated rates of bioirrigation are 1–2 orders of magnitude higher than advective flow velocities documenting the importance of bioirrigation for flux considerations in surface sediments. Calculated formation water temperatures from the Anaximander Mountains are in the range of 80 to 145 °C suggesting a fluid origin from a depth zone associated with the seismic decollement. It is proposed that at that depth clay mineral dehydration leads to the formation and advection of fluids reduced in salinity relative to sea water. This explains the ubiquitous pore water freshening observed in surface sediments of the Anaximander Mountain area. Multiple fluid sources and formation water temperatures of 55 to 80 °C were derived for expelled fluids of the Olimpi area. 相似文献
19.
Characteristic features of the water structure and dynamics in the East China Sea, which is the zone of the formation of the Kuroshio Current, are studied from a database of mean multiannual hydrological and meteorological characteristics gathered for more than a half-century period and the data of expeditionary observations in this region. Characteristic distinctions between the waters in different regions of the current zone are shown. It was found that the formation of the structure of the water in the current zone is affected by the variability of the water exchange via the straits of the Ryukyu Islands and by the supply of the shelf waters against the background of the climatic variability. 相似文献