共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 62 毫秒
1.
脐带缆作为水下生产系统的“神经生命线”,是水下生产系统的关键一环,其可靠性问题越来越受到关注。影响脐带缆可靠性的事件具有随机性,目前缺乏对这些随机事件发生概率的统计,难以直接对其可靠性进行定量分析。基于模糊数理论和故障树结合的方法对脐带缆可靠性进行分析,首先获得引起脐带缆失效的40个最小割集及底事件重要度排序。其次采用基于模糊集理论的定量分析对脐带缆故障树系统中的底事件进行统计计算,得到各底事件的失效概率,最终计算出顶事件概率,并得出导致脐带缆失效的主要因素依次为护套/铠装失效、钢管失效、电缆失效,为脐带缆的安全运行提出适当的建议。 相似文献
2.
《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2016,(8)
脐带缆是海洋动态缆的主要类型,通常由不同功能的单元组装而成,外层一般由铠装钢丝螺旋缠绕和聚合物护套组成。脐带缆在敷设安装和在位运行时,受到拉伸荷载作用,外层铠装钢丝由于其螺旋缠绕特点,会将拉伸荷载转化成径向压力作用到脐带缆内芯上,使脐带缆截面产生应力和变形,所以径向压力是截面布局设计的重要参数。本文推导了脐带缆在轴向拉力作用下对内芯产生的径向压力P,同时基于截面布局多边形的概念,可以绘制多边形图,由图能直观的反映截面的承载能力和各单元受力均匀情况。最后以一个包含不同单元的脐带缆为例,运用ANSYS有限元软件,进行了不同截面布局的建模计算和分析,考虑了单元间的接触和摩擦,给出了数值分析结果,通过对径向荷载作用下截面变形和单元最大受力的比较分析,结合截面布局多边形图,确定了合理布局方案。对脐带缆截面布局设计有重要指导意义。 相似文献
3.
脐带缆是进行水下油气资源开采的关键设备,在深海油气资源的开发过程中起着至关重要的作用。脐带缆是由多种功能单元螺旋缠绕而成的非粘结复合结构,各层构件之间会出现接触摩擦与滑动现象,使脐带缆的截面设计和结构分析变得十分困难。本文结合国内外研究的成果,在对脐带缆结构进行理论分析的基础上,利用ANSYS软件分别对无铠装和有铠装脐带缆进行数值模拟分析,采用梁单元和壳单元模拟管件,并用点-点和点-面接触单元模拟管件之间的相互作用,将数值模拟结果与理论计算结果进行对比,探讨不同的管件缠绕角度、摩擦因数对脐带缆的拉伸和弯曲刚度的影响。分析结果可为工程应用提供参考和借鉴。 相似文献
4.
脐带缆用于连接水上浮体和水下生产系统,缆芯由钢管单元、光纤单元和电缆单元等组装而成,缆体外层是由铠装钢丝层螺旋缠绕以及聚合物外护套组装而成,截面结构复杂。利用ANSYS有限元通用软件建立双层铠装脐带缆的三维多层接触摩擦有限元模型,计算其截面拉伸刚度,将拉伸刚度数值模拟值与理论结果进行对比,验证有限元模型的正确性;分析比较铠装层不同缠绕角度、缠绕方式和钢丝直径下脐带缆模型的拉伸刚度。结果表明:铠装钢丝层缠绕方式、缠绕角度、铠装钢丝直径对双层铠装脐带缆模型的拉伸刚度、最大等效应力模拟结果均有影响。 相似文献
5.
《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2021,(11)
本文基于ABAQUS有限元软件,建立非粘结钢管脐带缆的三维有限元模型计算其弯曲刚度,将弯曲刚度的数值模拟与理论结果进行对比,验证了模型的正确性,在此基础上逐一分析了摩擦系数、外压大小、螺旋角度等敏感性参数变化以及填充单元对弯曲迟滞性能的影响。研究结果表明,随摩擦系数和外压大小的增大非粘结钢管脐带缆全滑移阶段和滞回阶段弯曲刚度明显增加,而随螺旋角度增加两阶段弯曲刚度则是呈减小趋势。此外,填充单元对两阶段弯曲刚度的影响与摩擦系数的大小有关。 相似文献
6.
7.
遥控水下机器人脐带缆收放绞车设计及牵引力分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
脐带缆收放技术是有缆遥控水下机器人的一项关键技术,该技术直接影响水下机器人载体的收放及作业过程中脐带缆的安全。针对目前水下机器人收放系统中脐带缆收放技术的特点,给出了一种具有自动排缆、低张力缠绕、能够提供大牵引力和安全制动功能的紧凑新式脐带缆绞车方案,并对牵引绞车与储藏绞车之间脐带缆张力与牵引绞车的牵引力进行了理论分析,给出了二者之间的关系函数。 相似文献
8.
深水动态脐带缆内部结构复杂，其阻尼特性对脐带缆的舞动以及疲劳损伤有着重要的影响。脐带缆在和流体相互作用过程中，脐带缆内部构件可能会产生滑动，进而影响脐带缆的结构阻尼，这也使得真实海况中脐带缆的舞动和疲劳是一项复杂而值得深入研究的课题。为验证有限元模型能够很好地模拟脐带缆的结构阻尼特性，在考虑内部结构单元间摩擦的基础上，利用ANSYS建立了用于中国南海某油田的脐带缆多层滑移接触摩擦模型。同时，采用自由衰减法对该动态脐带缆开展了原型试验，测得了该缆的结构阻尼比与自振周期。通过对比有限元模型计算结果与原型试验结果发现：数值模型获得的该脐带缆的结构阻尼值与试验值非常接近，这为工程中获得脐带缆结构阻尼比的值提供了好的方向。 相似文献
9.
脐带缆是连接平台或浮式生产系统与海底油井的控制管缆,缆芯由管单元、光纤单元、电缆单元、以及填充单元组装而成,缆体外层由铠装钢丝螺旋缠绕和聚合物护套组成。基于ANSYS有限元软件,建立无铠装含填充的钢管脐带缆三维有限元模型,在自由端可扭转、不可扭转约束条件下,计算模型的拉伸刚度,将拉伸刚度的数值模拟与理论结果进行对比,验证有限元模型的正确性;分析比较含填充与不含填充两种截面形式脐带缆模型的力学性能,结果表明:填充单元、拉伸率对脐带缆模型的拉伸刚度、最大等效应力模拟结果均有影响。 相似文献
10.
南海某油田采用水下生产系统技术进行开发，其8口水下井通过回接13 km外的现有油田设施进行生产，油田作业水深约300 m。水下控制采用了复合电液控制系统，电、液、通讯信号等由现有生产设施通过一条约14 km长的脐带缆提供。该油田投产后不久出现了电力通讯缆绝缘电阻低的问题，1 a后，该脐带缆中所有3根4芯电力通讯缆绝缘全部归零，失去了对水下井口远程操控功能。为了尽快修复故障，恢复水下操控，技术人员创新性地提出利用油田电潜泵供电用中压多芯电缆中3根备用电缆芯作为供电和通讯回路使用的方案。通过研究和分析，设计了特殊的水下电缆续接装置，将1条3芯中压电飞线输入转接为输出2条双回路低压信号电飞线，接入到原系统的水下电力分配模块中去，且满足100%的通讯回路冗余要求。通过原创技术研发成功完成了相关水下转接装置的研制和安装应用，恢复了对所有井口的远程控制，改造后的系统已稳定运行多年。 相似文献
11.
Arne Schnack-Friedrichsen Angela M. Davis Jim D. Bennell Dei G. Huws 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(4):221-243
The interdependence between the seismo-acoustic properties of a marine sediment and its geotechnical/physical parameters has been known for many years, and it has been postulated that this should allow the extraction of geotechnical information from seismic data. Though in the literature many correlations have been published for the surficial layer, there is a lack of information for greater sediment depths. In this article, a desktop study on a synthetic seafloor model illustrates how the application of published near-surface prediction equations to subsurface sediments (up to several tens of meters burial depth) can lead to spurious predictions. To test this further, acoustic and geotechnical properties were measured on a number of sediment core samples, some of which were subjected to loading in acoustically-equipped consolidation cells (oedometers) to simulate greater burial depth conditions. For low effective pressures (representing small burial depths extending to around 10 meters subsurface), the general applicability of established relationships was confirmed: the prediction of porosity, bulk density, and mean grain size from acoustic velocity and impedance appears generally possible for the investigated sedimentary environments. As effective pressure increases through, the observed relationships deviate more and more from the established ones for the near-surface area. For the samples tested in this study, in some instances increasing pressure even resulted in decreasing velocities. There are several possible explanations for this abnormal behavior, including the presence of gas, overconsolidation, or bimodal grain size distribution. The results indicate that an appropriate depth correction must be introduced into the published prediction equations in order to obtain reliable estimates of physical sediment properties for greater subsurface depths. 相似文献
12.
Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2000,23(1):55-61
Specific properties of the interannual sea level variations and annual tides in the Northwestern Pacific were studied. Several tide stations were monitored. The monthly mean sea level for the year of 1995 was analyzed at each tide station. A seismic event in 1995, some tectonic activity around the subject area, and the Kuroshio (the oceanic western boundary current) may possibly contaminate results which would have occurred from the astronomical annual tide alone. 相似文献
13.
The effect of different fixation and storage protocols on the flow cytometric (FCM) simultaneous analysis of bacterioplankton and phytoplankton in coastal seawater samples (Mediterranean coastal lagoons) was investigated. FCM measurements (cell number, fluorescence and scatter characteristics) were obtained through DAPI staining. Three fixatives [glutaraldehyde (GA), formaldehyde (FA) and paraformaldehyde (PFA)] and two storage (3 months duration) methods (5 °C and −196 °C) were tested. Two dominant populations were detected in studied samples: bacteria and eukaryotic picophytoplankton. Adding fixatives (2% final concentration) appears necessary to obtain FCM exhaustive counts of all the bacteria and phytoplanktonic cells. This was related to the permeation effect of fixatives which allowed a better DAPI staining of the cells. Maximum fluorescence, i.e. optimal staining of the cells was obtained with FA or PFA, and significant lower fluorescences with GA. Fixed samples stored at 5 °C induced rapid cell loss. Only storage in liquid nitrogen of samples fixed with FA or PFA, allows mid-term (≥4 months) preservation of bacteria or picophytoplankton cell numbers, and limited evolution of DAPI-induced fluorescence and scatter characteristics. 相似文献
14.
15.
《海洋学报(英文版)》2014,(9):F0003-F0003
<正>Acta Oceanologica Sinica(AOS)is a comprehensive academic journal edited by the Editorial Committee of Acta Oceanologica Sinica and is designed to provide a forum for important research papers of the marine scientific community which reflect the information on a worldwide basis.The journal publishes scholarly papers on marine science and technology,including physics,chemistry,biology, 相似文献
16.
The relationship between the flux of exotic benthic foraminiferal tests (i.e. tests which are supplied from open-sea sources alone) in a tidal inlet and that of bulk sediment was analysed, which can be expressed as two first-order linear equations. According to this relationship, in order to determine net sediment transport directions in the entrance, the test concentration in surficial sediments of the tidal basin can be compared against a ‘ critical level ’. The critical level is determined for the conditions that no net transport of bulk sediment is present within the entrance. If the observed concentration (averaged over the tidal basin) is higher than the simulated critical level, then the net sediment transport is directed to landward. This method is applied to the analysis of net sand transport at Christchurch Harbour, a tidal inlet system located in southern England. In this investigation, concentrations of exotic foraminiferal tests in the surficial sediments of the tidal basin and ebb tidal delta area were obtained from the analysis of sea-bed sediment samples. A series of probable critical levels were calculated based upon the data sets with regard to: (1) sediment discharge from the rivers; (2) magnitude of sediment discharge within the entrance during the ebb; (3) the test concentration outside the harbour; (4) the thickness of the moving layer; and (5) two parameters associated with dispersive processes. The results show that the concentration in the tidal basin sediment is higher than a number of simulated critical concentrations for representative cases. Consequently, the high level of the concentration of exotic benthic foraminiferal tests within the harbour should be explained as a result of landward net transport of sands within the entrance. 相似文献
17.
18.
Rahul Sharma 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2000,18(3):237-250
Observations on seafloor features from subbottom profiling and seabed photography data show that the undisturbed and natural conditions before the benthic disturbance undergo a substantial change after operation of the disturber. The effects can be seen in the form of deep trenches and grooves, formed by the action of the sleds and the pumping of the sediment along its path, as well as sediment piles on either side of the track. Biological traces such as fecal coils, casts, tubes, burrows, and trails get obliterated in the areas of disturbance and resedimentation. The smooth, uniform nature of the seafloor observed in predisturbance phase shows microtopographic changes in and around the disturbed area as a result of sediment excavation and resettlement. Vertical mixing as well as lateral transport of sediment alter the geological, biological, physical, and chemical conditions on the seafloor, which need to be monitored over time to assess the process and the time taken for restoration of environmental conditions. 相似文献
19.
Vance P. Vicente 《Marine Ecology》1989,10(2):179-191
Abstract. Long-term changes in the distributional patterns of commercial sponges ( Spongia spp. and Hippospongia spp.) within the West Indian Region indicates that: 1) commercial sponges had a widespread distribution throughout the whole West Indian Region and were ubiquitous in very shallow water until about the first half of the present century; 2) they were fished commercially not only in the traditional northern Caribbean sites (Florida, Gulf of Mexico, Bahamas) but also in the Greater ( e. g. , Hispaniola, Jamaica) and Lesser Antilles; and 3) they became extinct throughout most of the Lesser Antilles ( e. g. , Puerto Rico, Vieques, St. Thomas) sometime during the first half of this century. Mortalities of spongiids within the Antilles were found to differ from other marine mortalities in that: 1) species disappeared from a large region; 2) species vanished from different habitats and depths; and 3) natural populations never recovered. Species richness patterns suggest that commercial sponge genera ( Spongia and Hippospongia ) evolved under slightly cooler elimatic conditions than those found at present, and that these extinctions occurred as a direct or indirect effect of positive thermal anomalies in sea surface and atmospheric temperatures between 1900–1950. The concept that species diversity is stable on a regional scale is questioned. 相似文献
20.
The behaviour of an axially pre-loaded cylindrical member of an offshore structure, hit by a supply ship, has been investigated. The effects of axial pre-loading on the dynamic properties of members, the extent of damage and propagation of dynamic instability in the tubular members have also been investigated. Numerical models have been validated using available experimental data from the literature although these are mostly static with no pre-loading. Axial pre-loading was found to change the dynamic characteristics of some cylindrical members quite dramatically while it had no significant effect on others. The study examined whether there was any change in the behaviour between local and global modes when the loading was dynamic rather than static. The effect of damping on the dynamic instability of axially pre-loaded tubes under lateral dynamic loads was also studied. It was observed that for some geometries the quasi-static response can be used to define the boundary between bounded and unbounded dynamic responses. The main contribution of this study, compared with previous investigations reported in the literature, is that both pre-loading and dynamic effects have been included. 相似文献